• The commercial sterilization processes are mainly conducted by placing containers of the food in a high-temp. environment for a sufficient period of time to achieve the desired time/temp. relationship established. The significant and unique challenge is the dependence of the thermal process on the heating and cooling characteristics of the product
• The commercial sterilization processes are mainly conducted by placing containers of the food in a high-temp. environment for a sufficient period of time to achieve the desired time/temp. relationship established. The significant and unique challenge is the dependence of the thermal process on the heating and cooling characteristics of the product
• Since the thermal resistant pathogens or the microorganisms responsible for product spoilage may be located at the slowest heating location in the container, this location must receive a thermal process equivalent to the established time/temperature relationship for the microorganism of concern
• Since the thermal resistant pathogens or the microorganisms responsible for product spoilage may be located at the slowest heating location in the container, this location must receive a thermal process equivalent to the established time/temperature relationship for the microorganism of concern
• The heating characteristics of food products in containers are divided into three categories: (a) conduction, (b) mixed or intermediate, and (c) convection. The types of product that heat and/or cool according to these three categories will be discussed in more detail later in this chapter
• The heating characteristics of food products in containers are divided into three categories: (a) conduction, (b) mixed or intermediate, and (c) convection. The types of product that heat and/or cool according to these three categories will be discussed in more detail later in this chapter
summary • Thermal process is to maintain a high-temp. environment around the container for a duration of time needed to meet the minimum process at the slowest heating location in the container. By ensuring that the established time/temp. relationship is achieved at the slowest heating location, the commercial sterilization is achieved
summary • Thermal process is to maintain a high-temp. environment around the container for a duration of time needed to meet the minimum process at the slowest heating location in the container. By ensuring that the established time/temp. relationship is achieved at the slowest heating location, the commercial sterilization is achieved
DESCRIPTION OF COMMERCIAL STERILIZATION SYSTEMS • Heating media • High-pressure, saturated steam /hot water • Careful procedures for heating,for venting the retort,for cooling, pressure gradients. •
DESCRIPTION OF COMMERCIAL STERILIZATION SYSTEMS • Heating media • High-pressure, saturated steam /hot water • Careful procedures for heating,for venting the retort,for cooling, pressure gradients. •