芳环的亲电取代反应及机制 3.The five most common electrophilic aromatic substitution reactions are the following: Cl Br F-C acylation Halogenation R Nitration NO SO2H
一、芳环的亲电取代反应及机制 3.The five most common electrophilic aromatic substitution reactions are the following: R NO 2 SO 3 H Cl Br I O R Nit ratio n F-C acyla tion Hal ogena tion F-C alkylation Sulfonation
芳环的亲电取代反应及机制 以上几种亲电取代反应仅亲电试剂不同 CI-CI*-"AICI3 Br-Br-'FeBr3 i*(obtained by 1,+ hno) NO2(obtained by HNO3+ H2sO4) SO3H(from H2SO4) or So3 -R(obtained by R-CI+ AICI3) RC=O (obtained by RCOCl Alcl3)
一、芳环的亲电取代反应及机制 z 以上几种亲电取代反应仅亲电试剂不同： —— Cl-Cl + - -AlCl 3 —— Br-Br + - -FeBr 3 —— I + (obtained by I 2 + HNO 3 ) —— +NO 2 (obtained by HNO 3 + H 2SO 4 ) —— +SO 3 H (from H 2SO 4) or SO 3 —— R + (obtained by R-Cl + AlCl 3) —— RC +=O (obtained by RCOCl + AlCl 3)
芳环的亲电取代反应及机制 (1) Halogenation CI-CI+ Fecl3 -『-FeCl3 Lit B FeCl3 hB Fecl -的:+FB1—前-萨 FeBr Br FeBr. Br B 3 +hB FaBra
一、芳环的亲电取代反应及机制 (1) Halogenation
芳环的亲电取代反应及机制 (1)Halogenation oxidizing agent 2I+2e +H I: B hB
一、芳环的亲电取代反应及机制 (1) Halogenation
芳环的亲电取代反应及机制 (2) Nitration mechanism for nitration H HQ一NO2+H-OSO3H HO NO, s NO,+Ho nitric acid nitronium ion HSoz H B NO +NO NO + hB
一、芳环的亲电取代反应及机制 (2) Nitration