c)Overshoot and oscillation ·Signals or responses are delayed and limits are unerodable or are able to recover quickly from erosion time 06/08/2024 Ecological economics 11
c) Overshoot and oscillation • Signals or responses are delayed and • limits are unerodable or are able to recover quickly from erosion 06/08/2024 Ecological economics 11 time
d)Overshoot and collapse ·signals are or responses are delayed,and 。Limits are erodable (irreversibly degraded when exceeded) time 06/08/2024 Ecological economics 12
d) Overshoot and collapse • signals are or responses are delayed, and • Limits are erodable (irreversibly degraded when exceeded) 06/08/2024 Ecological economics 12 time
Human Development Trends-Poverty 停留在不发达状态，不能像发 而获得较高的收入水平？ Poverty Trap 人均 一个人吃 的门槛，即发展中国家陷入了 不饱饭 条件下可能出现多重均衡，而 很穷 身体虚 因，不幸处于低水平均衡 弱 个 挣钱少 工作效 率低
▪ 为什么发展中国家的经济停留在不发达状态，不能像发 达国家那样通过持续增长而获得较高的收入水平？ ▪ 发展中国家必须越过一个人均收入水平和资本积累水平 的门槛，即发展中国家陷入了“贫困陷阱”,经济在一定 条件下可能出现多重均衡，而发展中国家由于历史的原 因，不幸处于低水平均衡——“贫困陷阱”中
Resource Curse Dutch Disease winner's curse point-source economics
Physioeconomics Equatorial Paradox there are no (with minor exceptions such as Singapore and Brunei)rich economies lying in the region from one thousand miles north of the equator to one thousand miles south of it. Physioeconomics:the basis for long-run economic growth
▪ there are no (with minor exceptions such as Singapore and Brunei) rich economies lying in the region from one thousand miles north of the equator to one thousand miles south of it