9. A)The man has an enormous amount of work to do B) The man has made plans for his vacation C)The man,ll take work with him on his vacation D) Work stacked up during the man's last vacation. 10. A)She likes the job of feeding fish. B) She finds her new job interesting. C)She feels unfit for her new job D)She's not in good health Section b Directions: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end o f each passage, you will hear some questions. both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best a nswer from the four choices marked A), B), C)and D). Then mark the correspondin g letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre Passage One Questions 11 to 13 are based on the passage you have just heard. 11. A) Rally support for their movement. B) Liberate women from tedious housework C) Claim their rights to equal job opportunities. D) Express their anger against sex discr tion 12. A)It will bring a lot of trouble to the local people. B) It is a popular form of art c)It will spoil the natural beauty of their surroundings D) It is popular among rock stars 13. A)To show that mindless graffiti can provoke violence B) To show that Londoners have a special liking for graffi C) To show that graffiti, in some cases, can constitute a crime D) To show that graffiti can make the environment more colorful. Passage Two Questions 14 to 16 are based on the passage you have just heard 14. A) The Asian elephant is easier to tame B) The Asian elephant's skin is more valuable
9. A) The man has an enormous amount of work to do. B) The man has made plans for his vacation. C) The man’ll take work with him on his vacation. D) Work stacked up during the man’s last vacation. 10. A) She likes the job of feeding fish. B) She finds her new job interesting. C) She feels unfit for her new job. D) She’s not in good health. Section B Directions:In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end o f each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best a nswer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the correspondin g letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre. Passage One Questions 11 to 13 are based on the passage you have just heard. 11.A) Rally support for their movement. B) Liberate women from tedious housework. C) Claim their rights to equal job opportunities. D) Express their anger against sex discrimination. 12. A) It will bring a lot of trouble to the local people. B) It is a popular form of art. C) It will spoil the natural beauty of their surroundings. D) It is popular among rock stars. 13. A) To show that mindless graffiti can provoke violence. B) To show that Londoners have a special liking for graffiti. C) To show that graffiti, in some cases, can constitute a crime. D) To show that graffiti can make the environment more colorful. Passage Two Questions 14 to 16 are based on the passage you have just heard. 14. A) The Asian elephant is easier to tame. B) The Asian elephant’s skin is more valuable
C)The Asian elephant is less popular with tourists. D)The Asian elephant produces ivory of a better quality. 15.A)From the captured or tamed elephants B) From the British wildlife protection group C) From elephant hunters in Thailand and Burma. D)From tourists visiting the Thai-Burmese border. 16. A) The aming for circuses and zoos B) The destruction of their natural homes C)Man,s lack of knowledge about their behavior. D)The greater vulnerability to extinction than other species Passage Three Questions 17 to 20 are based on the passage you have just heard 17. A) They had lost their jobs as a result of the Industrial Revolution B) They had been suffering from political and religious oppression C) They wanted to flee from the widespread famine in Northern Europe. D)They wanted to make a fortune there by starting their own businesses. 18. A) They might lose control of their members because of the increase in immigration. B) Their members might find it difficult to get along with the newcomers C)The working condition of their members might deteriorate D) Their members might lose their jobs to the newcomers 19. A)To impose restrictions on further immigration B) To improve the working conditions of immigrants. C) To set a minimum wage level for new immigrants D)To put requirements on languages for newcomers. 20. A) They were looked down upon by European immigrants B) They had a hard time seeking equal job opportunities C)They worked very hard to earn a decent living D)They strongly opposed continued immigration PartⅡl Reading Comprehension (35 minutes) Directions: There are four passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and lark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre
C) The Asian elephant is less popular with tourists. D) The Asian elephant produces ivory of a better quality. 15.A) From the captured or tamed elephants. B) From the British wildlife protection group. C) From elephant hunters in Thailand and Burma. D) From tourists visiting the Thai-Burmese border. 16. A) Their taming for circuses and zoos. B) The destruction of their natural homes. C) Man’s lack of knowledge about their behavior. D) The greater vulnerability to extinction than other species. Passage Three Questions 17 to 20 are based on the passage you have just heard. 17. A) They had lost their jobs as a result of the Industrial Revolution. B) They had been suffering from political and religious oppression. C) They wanted to flee from the widespread famine in Northern Europe. D) They wanted to make a fortune there by starting their own businesses. 18. A) They might lose control of their members because of the increase in immigration. B) Their members might find it difficult to get along with the newcomers. C) The working condition of their members might deteriorate. D) Their members might lose their jobs to the newcomers. 19. A) To impose restrictions on further immigration. B) To improve the working conditions of immigrants. C) To set a minimum wage level for new immigrants. D) To put requirements on languages for newcomers. 20. A) They were looked down upon by European immigrants. B) They had a hard time seeking equal job opportunities. C) They worked very hard to earn a decent living. D) They strongly opposed continued immigration. Part Ⅱ Reading Comprehension (35 minutes) Directions: There are four passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre
Passage One Questions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage. In 1985 when a Japan Air Lines (jal) jet crashed, its president, Yasumoto Takagi, called victims family to apologize, and then promptly resigned. And in 1987, when a subsidiary Toshiba sole sensitive military technology to the former Soviet Union, the chairman of gave up his post. These executive actions, which Toshiba calls "the highest form of apology, may seem bizarre to US managers. No one at boeing resigned after the Jal crash, which may have been caused faulty boeing repair. The difference between the two business cul tures centers around different definitions of delegation. While us executives give both responsibility and authority to their employees, Japanese executives delegate only authority-the responsibility is still theirs. although the subsidiary that sold the sensitive techno logy to the soviets had its own management, the Toshiba top executives said they must take personal responsibility for not creating an atmosphere throughout the Toshiba group that would make such activity unthinkable, even in an independently run subsidiary. Such acceptance of community responsibility is not unique to businesses in Japan. School principals in japan have resigned when their students committed ma jor crimes after school hours Even if they do not quit, Japanese executives will often accept primary responsibility othe ways, such as taking the first pay cut when a company gets into financial trouble. Such persona ces, even if they are largely symbolic, help to create the sense of community and employee loyalty that is crucial to the japanese way of doing business Harvard Business School professor George Lodge calls the ritual acceptance of blame "almost feudal(封建的) way of purging(清除) the community of dishonor,” and to some in the united States, such resignations look cowardly. However in an era in which both business and governmental leaders seem particularly good at evading responsibility, many US managers would probably welcome an infusion (E m)of the Japanese sense of responsibility. If, for instance, US automobile company executives offered to reduce their own salaries before they asked their
Passage One Questions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage. In 1985 when a Japan Air Lines (JAL) jet crashed, its president, Yasumoto Takagi, called each victim’s family to apologize, and then promptly resigned. And in 1987, when a subsidiary of Toshiba sole sensitive military technology to the former Soviet Union, the chairman of Toshiba gave up his post. These executive actions, which Toshiba calls “the highest form of apology,” may seem bizarre to US managers. No one at Boeing resigned after the JAL crash, which may have been caused by a faulty Boeing repair. The difference between the two business cultures centers around different definitions of delegation. While US executives give both responsibility and authority to their employees, Japanese executives delegate only authority—the responsibility is still theirs. Although the subsidiary that sold the sensitive technology to the Soviets had its own management, the Toshiba top executives said they “must take personal responsibility for not creating an atmosphere throughout the Toshiba group that would make such activity unthinkable, even in an independently run subsidiary.” Such acceptance of community responsibility is not unique to businesses in Japan. School principals in Japan have resigned when their students committed major crimes after school hours. Even if they do not quit, Japanese executives will often accept primary responsibility in other ways, such as taking the first pay cut when a company gets into financial trouble. Such personal sacrifices, even if they are largely symbolic, help to create the sense of community and employee loyalty that is crucial to the Japanese way of doing business. Harvard Business School professor George Lodge calls the ritual acceptance of blame “almost a feudal (封建的) way of purging (清除) the community of dishonor,” and to some in the United States, such resignations look cowardly. However, in an era in which both business and governmental leaders seem particularly good at evading responsibility, many US managers would probably welcome an infusion (灌输) of the Japanese sense of responsibility. If, for instance, US automobile company executives offered to reduce their own salaries before they asked their
workers to take pay cuts, negotiations would probably take on a very different character. 21. Why did the chairman of Toshiba resign his position in 1987? A)Because in Japan, the leakage of a state secret to Russians is a grave crime B)Because he had been under attack for shifting responsibility to his subordinates. C)Because in japan, the chief executive of a corporation is held responsible for the mistake made by its subsidiaries ))Because he had been accused of being cowardly towards crises that were taking place h 22. According to the passage if you want to be a good manager in Japan, you have to A) apologize promptly for your subordinates' mistakes b) be skillful in accepting blames from customers C)make symbolic sacrifices whenever necessary D)create a strong sense of company loyalty 23. What s Professor George Lodges attitude towards the resignations of Japanese corporate A)Sympathetic. C)Critical. B) Biased. D) approving 24. Which of the following statements is TRUe? A)boeing had nothing to do with the JAL air crash in 1985 B)American executives consider authority and responsibility inseparable. C)School principals bear legal responsibility for students' crimes D) Persuading employees to take pay cuts doesn't help solve corporate crises. 25. The passage is mainly about A) resignation as an effective way of dealing with business crises B) the importance of delegating responsibility to employees C)ways of evading responsibility in times of crises D)the difference between two business cultures Passage T Questions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage. As machines go, the car is not terribly noisy, nor terribly polluting, nor terribl dangerous: and on lI those dimensions it has become better as the century has grown older The main problem Is Its prevalence, and the social costs that ensue from the use by everyone of something that would be fairly harmless if, say, only the rich were to use it. It is a price we pay for equality. Before becoming too gloomy, it is worth recalling why the car has been arguably the most successful and popular product of the whole of the past 100 years -and remains so. The
workers to take pay cuts, negotiations would probably take on a very different character. 21. Why did the chairman of Toshiba resign his position in 1987? A) Because in Japan, the leakage of a state secret to Russians is a grave crime. B) Because he had been under attack for shifting responsibility to his subordinates. C) Because in Japan, the chief executive of a corporation is held responsible for the mistake made by its subsidiaries. D) Because he had been accused of being cowardly towards crises that were taking place in his corporation. 22.According to the passage if you want to be a good manager in Japan, you have to ____. A) apologize promptly for your subordinates’ mistakes B) be skillful in accepting blames from customers C) make symbolic sacrifices whenever necessary D) create a strong sense of company loyalty 23.What’s Professor George Lodge’s attitude towards the resignations of Japanese corporate leaders? A) Sympathetic. C) Critical.B) Biased. D) Approving. 24. Which of the following statements is TRUE? A) Boeing had nothing to do with the JAL air crash in 1985. B) American executives consider authority and responsibility inseparable. C) School principals bear legal responsibility for students’ crimes. D) Persuading employees to take pay cuts doesn’t help solve corporate crises. 25.The passage is mainly about ____. A) resignation as an effective way of dealing with business crises B) the importance of delegating responsibility to employees C) ways of evading responsibility in times of crises D) the difference between two business cultures Passage Two Questions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage. As machines go, the car is not terribly noisy, nor terribly polluting, nor terribly dangerous; and on all those dimensions it has become better as the century has grown older. The main problem is its prevalence, and the social costs that ensue from the use by everyone of something that would be fairly harmless if, say, only the rich were to use it. It is a price we pay for equality. Before becoming too gloomy, it is worth recalling why the car has been arguably the most successful and popular product of the whole of the past 100 years—and remains so. The
story begins with the environmental improvement it brought in the 1900s. In New York city in 1900, according to the Car Culture, a 1975 book by j. Flink, a historian, horses deposited 2.5 million pou of manure(粪)and60,000 gallons of urine(尿) every day. Every year, the city hori had to remove an average of 15, 000 dead horses from the streets, it made cars smell of roses Cars were also wonderfully flexible. The main earlier solution to horse pollution and traffic jams was the electric trolley bus(4). But that required fixed overhead wires, and rails and platforms which were expensive, ugly, and inflexible. The car could go from any a to any B, and allowed towns to develop in all directions with low-density housing, rather than just being concentrated along the trolley or rail lines. Rural areas benefited too, for they became less remote However, since pollution became a concern in the 1950s, experts have predicted-wrongly -that the car boom was about to end. In his book Mr Flink argued that by 1973 the American market had become saturated, at one car for every 2. 25 people, and so had the markets of japan Western Europe (because of land shortages). Environmental worries and diminishing oil reserves would prohibit mass car use anywhere else. He was wrong. Between 1970 and 1990, whereas Americas population grew by 23%, the number f cars on its roads grew by 60%. There is now one car for every 1. 7 people there, one for :n Japan, one for every 5.3 in Britain. Around 550 million cars are already on the ever roads, not te mention all the trucks and mocorcyeles, and about 50 million new ones are made each year worldwide. Will it go on? Undoubtedly, because people want it to 26. As is given in the first paragraph, the reason why the car has become a problem is that poor people t afford it B) it sive to maintain c) too many people are using it D) it causes too many road accidents 27. According to the passage, the car started to gain popularity because A) it didn' t break down as easily as a horse B) it had a comparatively pleasant odor C) it caused less pollution than horses D) it brightened up the gloomy streets
story begins with the environmental improvement it brought in the 1900s. In New York city in 1900, according to the Car Culture,a 1975 book by J. Flink, a historian, horses deposited 2.5 million pounds of manure(粪)and 60,000 gallons of urine (尿) every day. Every year, the city aut horities had to remove an average of 15,000 dead horses from the streets, it made cars smell of roses. Cars were also wonderfully flexible. The main earlier solution to horse pollution and traffic jams was the electric trolley bus (电车). But that required fixed overhead wires, and rails and platforms, which were expensive, ugly, and inflexible. The car could go from any A to any B, and allowed towns to develop in all directions with low-density housing, rather than just being concentrated along the trolley or rail lines. Rural areas benefited too, for they became less remote. However, since pollution became a concern in the 1950s, experts have predicted—wrongly —that the car boom was about to end. In his book Mr. Flink argued that by 1973 the American market had become saturated, at one car for every 2.25 people, and so had the markets of Japan and Western Europe (because of land shortages). Environmental worries and diminishing oil reserves would prohibit mass car use anywhere else. He was wrong. Between 1970 and 1990, whereas America’s population grew by 23%, the number of cars on its roads grew by 60%. There is now one car for every 1.7 people there, one for every 2.1 in Japan, one for every 5.3 in Britain. Around 550 million cars are already on the roads, not to mention all the trucks and mocorcyeles, and about 50 million new ones are made each year worldwide. Will it go on? Undoubtedly, because people want it to. 26.As is given in the first paragraph, the reason why the car has become a problem is that ____. A) poor people can’t afford it B) it is too expensive to maintain C) too many people are using it D) it causes too many road accidents 27. According to the passage, the car started to gain popularity because ____. A) it didn’t break down as easily as a horse B) it had a comparatively pleasant odor C) it caused less pollution than horses D) it brightened up the gloomy streets