《有机化学》课程教学课件（McMurry’s Organic Chemistry, 6th edition）Chapter 10 Alkyl Halides

Preparing Alkyl Halides Recall: Alkyl halide is made from the addition of HCI,HBr,HI to alkenes to give the Markovnikov product Alkyl dihalide are obtained from anti addition of bromine or chlorine to alkene HX H CH3 CH3 H CHg X=Clor Br X=Cl,Br,or I Thomson-Brooks Cole

Preparing Alkyl Halides Recall: „ Alkyl halide is made from the addition of HCl, HBr, HI to alkenes to give the Markovnikov product „ Alkyl dihalide are obtained from anti addition of bromine or chlorine to alkene

Reaction of Alkanes with Halogens Recall: Alkane Cl2 or Br2,heat or light replaces C-H with C- X but gives mixture of compounds Via free radical mechanism Hard to control CH4 Cl2 CH,C1+HCI Cla CH2Cl2 HCI L一CHCL3+HCI C→CCL4+HCI

Reaction of Alkanes with Halogens Recall: „ Alkane + Cl 2 or Br 2, heat or light replaces C-H with C￾X but gives mixture of compounds „ Via free radical mechanism „ Hard to control