科技英语中的分隔结构及其翻译 分隔:英语句子中两个有密切语法联系的句子成分被其他成分分隔的现象。 类别:主谓分隔、定心分隔、动宾分隔、系表分隔、复合谓语本身分隔、固定搭配分 隔 1.主谓分隔 e.g. (1) Observation plays an important part in physics, but, experiment, which consists in modifying circumstances or events with a view to making more valuable observations plays a more important part Version 观察在物理学中起着重要的作用,但实验起的作用更为重要,因为实验可以不断地 改变各种环境条件或过程以便作出更有价值的观察 (2) The x axis is coincident with the neutral axis of the section, and the xz plane which contains the neutral axes of all cross sections, is called the neutral plane Version Ⅹ轴与截面中性重合,而包含所有横截面的XZ平面则称为中性面。 2.定心分隔 e.g. (1) Evaporation from the soil and transpiration from vegetation are responsible for the
1 一． 科技英语中的分隔结构及其翻译 分隔：英语句子中两个有密切语法联系的句子成分被其他成分分隔的现象。 类别：主谓分隔、定心分隔、动宾分隔、系表分隔、复合谓语本身分隔、固定搭配分 隔。 1. 主谓分隔 e.g. （1） Observation plays an important part in physics, but, experiment, which consists in modifying circumstances or events with a view to making more valuable observations, plays a more important part. Version: 观察在物理学中起着重要的作用，但实验起的作用更为重要，因为实验可以不断地 改变各种环境条件或过程以便作出更有价值的观察。 （2）The x axis is coincident with the neutral axis of the section, and the xz plane, which contains the neutral axes of all cross sections, is called the neutral plane. Version: X 轴与截面中性重合，而包含所有横截面的 XZ 平面则称为中性面。 2. 定心分隔 e.g. (1) Evaporation from the soil and transpiration from vegetation are responsible for the
direct return to the atmosphere of more than half the water which falls on the land Version 土壤和植物的蒸发作用,是落到地面上的雨水有一半以上直接返回到大气中的主要 原因。 (2)If the carbon content of steel is below 0.2 percent the product is mild steel, which is quite ductile Version 含碳量低于0.2%的钢就叫软钢,软钢的延展性十分好 3.动宾分隔 e. g (1)Man has achieved remarkable success in the field of astonautics the ultimate goal and purpose of which is to gain for man himself access to space and to other worlds Version 人们在宇航方面已经取得了惊人的成就,宇航的最终目标和意图就是使人类能亲自 进入空间并达到其他星球 (2)We can not get much further without considering in more detail the properties of the atmosphere on which we depend for flight Version 如果不更详细地研究赖以飞行的大气的特性,我们就不能飞得更远
2 direct return to the atmosphere of more than half the water which falls on the land. Version: 土壤和植物的蒸发作用，是落到地面上的雨水有一半以上直接返回到大气中的主要 原因。 (2) If the carbon content of steel is below 0.2 percent, the product is mild steel, which is quite ductile. Version: 含碳量低于 0.2%的钢就叫软钢，软钢的延展性十分好。 3. 动宾分隔 e.g. (1) Man has achieved remarkable success in the field of astonautics the ultimate goal and purpose of which is to gain for man himself access to space and to other worlds. Version: 人们在宇航方面已经取得了惊人的成就，宇航的最终目标和意图就是使人类能亲自 进入空间并达到其他星球。 (2) We can not get much further without considering in more detail the properties of the atmosphere on which we depend for flight. Version: 如果不更详细地研究赖以飞行的大气的特性，我们就不能飞得更远
4.系表分隔 e.g. (1)It is, as it were, an arbitrary zero of reckoning, and the choice of it is in our power Version 它仿佛是一个任意的计算零点,我们可以自由选择。 5.复合谓语本身分隔 e.g. (1) According to the equivalence principle the effect produced by gravity can in no way be distinguished from the effect produced by an acceleration Version: 根据等效原理,无法把万有引力所产生的效果与加速度所产生的效果区分开来。 6.固定搭配的分隔 (1)One of the problems of modern industry is the transportation of energy from the lace at which it is available to the place at which it can be used most effectively Version 现代工业的问题之一,就是如何将能量从开发地输送到可以最有效地利用能源的 地方。 (2)There will be atomic jet-plane we will be able to fly right up through the atmosphere, through the atmosphere and away out into space to the moon and the venus and the other planets
3 4. 系表分隔 e.g. (1) It is, as it were, an arbitrary zero of reckoning, and the choice of it is in our power. Version: 它仿佛是一个任意的计算零点，我们可以自由选择。 5. 复合谓语本身分隔 e.g. (1) According to the equivalence principle, the effect produced by gravity can in no way be distinguished from the effect produced by an acceleration. Version: 根据等效原理，无法把万有引力所产生的效果与加速度所产生的效果区分开来。 6. 固定搭配的分隔 (1)One of the problems of modern industry is the transportation of energy from the place at which it is available to the place at which it can be used most effectively. Version: 现代工业的问题之一，就是如何将能量从开发地输送到可以最有效地利用能源的 地方。 (2)There will be atomic jet-plane, we will be able to fly right up through the atmosphere, through the atmosphere, and away out into space, to the Moon, and the Venus and the other planets
Version 将来会出现原子喷气飞机,我们能够径直穿过大气层、同温层,飞入外空,飞 向月球、金星和其他星球
4 Version: 将来会出现原子喷气飞机，我们能够径直穿过大气层、同温层，飞入外空，飞 向月球、金星和其他星球
科技翻译中的长句处理 要点:抓住全句中心内容、理清各部分之间的语法关系及逻辑关系、分清上下层次 及前后联系,然后,根据汉语特点、习惯和表达方式,正确译出原文的意思。 1.顺译法:按照英语的语序,把英语长句拆分为汉语中的短句。 e.g The physical metallurgist, who has been relied upon by the industrialist to solve immediate problems even though it may have been at the expenses of his fundamental work on the understanding of the overall behavior of metals and alloys, is now tempted to desert to the ranks of the metal physicists although his training equips him ill for the new occupation Version 工业家长期以来总是依靠物理冶金家去解决一些迫切的问题(即使这可能需要物 理冶金家另起炉灶去掌握金属和合金的基本特性),而现在物理冶金家却想改行 加入到金属物理学家的行列,尽管他所受过的训练不利于他从事新的职业。 2.逆译法 e.g. (1) The purpose of this book is to place at the disposal of the design engineer who is facing these challenges, a survey of the experience gained from the many and diverse applications of aerostatic bearings which have already been successfully accomplished. Version
5 二． 科技翻译中的长句处理 要点：抓住全句中心内容、理清各部分之间的语法关系及逻辑关系、分清上下层次 及前后联系，然后，根据汉语特点、习惯和表达方式，正确译出原文的意思。 1. 顺译法：按照英语的语序，把英语长句拆分为汉语中的短句。 e.g. The physical metallurgist, who has been relied upon by the industrialist to solve immediate problems even though it may have been at the expenses of his fundamental work on the understanding of the overall behavior of metals and alloys, is now tempted to desert to the ranks of the metal physicists, although his training equips him ill for the new occupation. Version: 工业家长期以来总是依靠物理冶金家去解决一些迫切的问题（即使这可能需要物 理冶金家另起炉灶去掌握金属和合金的基本特性），而现在物理冶金家却想改行 加入到金属物理学家的行列，尽管他所受过的训练不利于他从事新的职业。 2. 逆译法 e.g. (1) The purpose of this book is to place at the disposal of the design engineer who is facing these challenges, a survey of the experience gained from the many and diverse applications of aerostatic bearings which have already been successfully accomplished. Version: