The Workbook of EC Translation Theory and Practice
0 The Workbook of EC Translation Theory and Practice
Lecture One Questions for discussion: 1.How many climaxes are there in China's translation history?What are they? 2.Name some major contributions translation has made in different periods. 3.How many stages can Western translation history be generally divided into?What are they? 4.Name some major schools of translation theory in modern Western Europe and America and their viewpoints. Books you need to get as reference books 1.包惠南。文化语境与语言翻译。北京：中国对外翻译出版公司，2001 2。陈福康。中国译学理论史稿。上海：上海外语教育出版社，1996 3.刘宓庆.当代翻译理论。北京：中国对外翻译出版公司，1999 4.马祖毅。中国翻译简史.北京：中国对外翻译出版公司，200 5。谭载喜.西方翻译简史.北京：商务印书馆，1991 6。王克非。翻译文化史论。上海：上海外语教育出版社，2000 7.陆谷孙.英汉大词典（第2版）·上海：上海译文出版社，2007 8。汉英词典（修订版缩印本）.北京：外语教学与研究出版社，1997第1版，2004年4月第 16次印刷 1
1 Lecture One Questions for discussion: 1. How many climaxes are there in China’s translation history? What are they? 2. Name some major contributions translation has made in different periods. 3. How many stages can Western translation history be generally divided into? What are they? 4. Name some major schools of translation theory in modern Western Europe and America and their viewpoints. Books you need to get as reference books: 1. 包惠南. 文化语境与语言翻译. 北京: 中国对外翻译出版公司, 2001 2. 陈福康. 中国译学理论史稿. 上海: 上海外语教育出版社, 1996 3. 刘宓庆. 当代翻译理论. 北京: 中国对外翻译出版公司, 1999 4. 马祖毅. 中国翻译简史. 北京: 中国对外翻译出版公司, 2001 5. 谭载喜. 西方翻译简史. 北京: 商务印书馆, 1991 6. 王克非. 翻译文化史论. 上海: 上海外语教育出版社, 2000 7. 陆谷孙. 英汉大词典（第2版）. 上海: 上海译文出版社, 2007 8. 汉英词典（修订版缩印本）. 北京: 外语教学与研究出版社, 1997第1版，2004年4月第 16次印刷
Lecture Two Examples used in the lecture 1.She pricked up her overcoat collar and then put her hands into her pockets. 2.People in this village all like to send their children to that school. 3.He died of illness ina British hospital inJan.1.1988. 4.匪军所至，杀戮人民，奸淫妇女，焚毁村庄，掠夺财物，无所不用其极 5.He went over on a troop ship in the fall of 1944-sick as a dog all the way-and in May of'45,the Nazis quit.Later that summer,he was in California,about to be reassigned to the Pacific war,but when the Japanese heard that Sgt Ben Abel as on his way westward,they surrendered,too 原译：他1944年秋天乘一艘军舰走了一一一路上病得很厉害一一到1945年5月， 纳粹投降了。同年夏天，他在加利福尼亚，正要被派去参加太平洋战争。但日本 人听说本·埃贝尔中士正在西进的路上，他们也投降了。 6.Ray Hammond,in his excellent guide THE WRITER AND THE WORD PROCESSOR. predicts that over half the professional writers in Britain and the USA will be using word processors by the end of 1985.The best-known recruit is Len Deighton,from as longa as1968.though most users have only started since the microcomputer boom began in 1980. a thick book:a thick rod,a thick man,a thick head of hair,thick weather,be thick with somebody,alittle too thick:through thick and thin a well-behaved girl;a well-written poem; good eggs,good chess player:good wife 7.The well-paved road passes rows of clean,modern houses,set among trees. 8.There I was at once surrounded by all the other patients With curiosity in their eyes,they asked me all kinds of questions. 9.Why did you set the wolfto keep the sheep? 10.She has many hot potatoes to handle every day. 2
2 Lecture Two Examples used in the lecture 1. She pricked up her overcoat collar and then put her hands into her pockets. 2. People in this village all like to send their children to that school. 3. He died of illness in a British hospital in Jan. 12, 1988. 4. 匪军所至，杀戮人民，奸淫妇女，焚毁村庄，掠夺财物，无所不用其极。 5. He went over on a troop ship in the fall of 1944 — sick as a dog all the way — and in May of ’45, the Nazis quit. Later that summer, he was in California, about to be reassigned to the Pacific war, but when the Japanese heard that Sgt.Ben Abel was on his way westward, they surrendered, too. 原译：他 1944 年秋天乘一艘军舰走了——一路上病得很厉害——到 1945 年 5 月， 纳粹投降了。同年夏天，他在加利福尼亚，正要被派去参加太平洋战争。但日本 人听说本·埃贝尔中士正在西进的路上，他们也投降了。 6. Ray Hammond, in his excellent guide THE WRITER AND THE WORD PROCESSOR, predicts that over half the professional writers in Britain and the USA will be using word processors by the end of 1985. The best-known recruit is Len Deighton, from as long ago as 1968, though most users have only started since the microcomputer boom began in 1980. a thick book; a thick rod; a thick man; a thick head of hair; thick weather; be thick with somebody; a little too thick; through thick and thin a well-behaved girl; a well-written poem; good eggs; good chess player; good wife 7. The well-paved road passes rows of clean, modern houses, set among trees. 8. There I was at once surrounded by all the other patients. With curiosity in their eyes, they asked me all kinds of questions. 9. Why did you set the wolf to keep the sheep? 10. She has many hot potatoes to handle every day
11.He has enough money to burn. 12.We all missed him,but we wish him a long and happy retirement. 13.Instead of saying thanks.it is their custom to returnevery favor with a favor of their own and every kindness with an equal or superior kindness They do their thanks. 原译：他们并非不懂得致谢。投之以桃，报之以李，滴水之恩当酒泉相报。他们用 自己的方式回报他们所受到的恩惠，他们的习俗就是十倍，甚至百倍地回报他们所 得到的一切。 14.But there in front of him was Marley's face,white and ghostly,with terrible staring eyes 原译：但呈现在他面前的是马利的脸，惨白似鬼一般，还有一双怒目圆睁的恐怖的 眼睛。 15.Then when Elizabeth looked again at Darey's comments on her family's behavior,her sense of shame was very great,and she could not deny the justice of his words. 原译：（伊丽莎白在读达西的信）接着伊丽莎白再看达西对自己家人行为的评述，更 加羞辱不堪。她不能否认他说得公正。 16.It was reported that food supplies would soon run out and most of the victims of the earthquake would starve to death.At huge risk,a group of volunteers from the Red Cross took on the mission to transport food clothes and medicine to the most seriously hit areas. 原译：报道称食物储备将要耗尽，大多数地震的受害者会饿死。一组来自红十字会 的自愿者骨者极大的危险承担将食物、衣物和医药运送到隐藏最深地区的任务。 17.The rich and the powerful separated themselves from the of industria growth by moving away the factory areas to the more tranquil and less polluted countryside. 原译：有权有钱的人为避开工业发展的影响，从工业区搬到安静又污染较少的郊区 居住。 18.The controversy surrounding the effects of modern farming methods on the rural landscape has created bitter conflict between farming and environmental interests in recent years. 原译：最近几年来，围绕着农村中现代农业影响的争论引起了农业和环境之间的矛 盾
3 11. He has enough money to burn. 12. We all missed him, but we wish him a long and happy retirement. 13. Instead of saying thanks, it is their custom to return every favor with a favor of their own, and every kindness with an equal or superior kindness. They do their thanks. 原译：他们并非不懂得致谢。投之以桃，报之以李，滴水之恩当涌泉相报。他们用 自己的方式回报他们所受到的恩惠，他们的习俗就是十倍，甚至百倍地回报他们所 得到的一切。 14. But there in front of him was Marley's face, white and ghostly, with terrible staring eyes. 原译：但呈现在他面前的是马利的脸，惨白似鬼一般，还有一双怒目圆睁的恐怖的 眼睛。 15. Then when Elizabeth looked again at Darcy's comments on her family's behavior, her sense of shame was very great, and she could not deny the justice of his words. 原译：(伊丽莎白在读达西的信)接着伊丽莎白再看达西对自己家人行为的评述，更 加羞辱不堪。她不能否认他说得公正。 16. It was reported that food supplies would soon run out and most of the victims of the earthquake would starve to death. At huge risk, a group of volunteers from the Red Cross took on the mission to transport food, clothes and medicine to the most seriously hit areas. 原译：报道称食物储备将要耗尽，大多数地震的受害者会饿死。一组来自红十字会 的自愿者冒着极大的危险承担将食物、衣物和医药运送到隐藏最深地区的任务。 17. The rich and the powerful separated themselves from the consequences of industrial growth by moving away the factory areas to the more tranquil and less polluted countryside. 原译：有权有钱的人为避开工业发展的影响，从工业区搬到安静又污染较少的郊区 居住。 18. The controversy surrounding the effects of modern farming methods on the rural landscape has created bitter conflict between farming and environmental interests in recent years. 原译：最近几年来，围绕着农村中现代农业影响的争论引起了农业和环境之间的矛 盾
19.My mother lived to make life better not only for her family.but for everyone she knew. particularly those less fortunate than she.She took care of many homeless children in a motherly manner. 原译：我母亲不仅改善自己家庭的生活状况，还帮助她所认识的每一个人。她以 个母亲的方式照顾许多无家可归的孩子。 20.She picked up the receiver and,without so much as asking the caller to hold on,went off totell Jack that he was wanted on the phone. 原译：她拿起听筒，没有说声别挂，就离开说有人找杰克。 21.The demonstrators barricaded the streets with burning tyres and threw stones at the police who were trying to scatter them with water cannon 原译：游行者用燃烧的轮胎在街上设置路障，并向用高压水枪驱散他们的警察投掷 石块。 Questions for discussion 1.What are the key points made by School of Science and by School of Art on translation? 2.What are the characteristics of translation? 3.Why should there be criteria of translation? 4.What requisites a translator should at least possess? Exercise 1 Correct the Versions given below according to your understanding of the original: 1.New Delhi,built by the British early last century,calls up memories of a different era with its wide avenues,beautiful gardens and grand buildings. 原译：上个世纪由英国人建造的新德里城总是让人回忆起那个时代的宽阔的林荫道、 美丽的花园和宏伟的大楼。 2.The shock of an accidentor a physical injury may sometimes cause immediate inability to think clearly-even when the injury is not to the head. 原译：事故的影响或者是身体受伤有时可能造成当时不能仔细思考，即使有时伤口 不在头部。 3.To relax himself for a little while,he rose from a computer desk,walked across the room
4 19. My mother lived to make life better not only for her family, but for everyone she knew, particularly those less fortunate than she. She took care of many homeless children in a motherly manner. 原译：我母亲不仅改善自己家庭的生活状况，还帮助她所认识的每一个人。她以一 个母亲的方式照顾许多无家可归的孩子。 20. She picked up the receiver and, without so much as asking the caller to hold on, went off to tell Jack that he was wanted on the phone. 原译：她拿起听筒，没有说声别挂，就离开说有人找杰克。 21. The demonstrators barricaded the streets with burning tyres and threw stones at the police who were trying to scatter them with water cannon. 原译：游行者用燃烧的轮胎在街上设置路障，并向用高压水枪驱散他们的警察投掷 石块。 Questions for discussion： 1. What are the key points made by School of Science and by School of Art on translation? 2. What are the characteristics of translation? 3. Why should there be criteria of translation? 4. What requisites a translator should at least possess? Exercise 1 Correct the Versions given below according to your understanding of the original: 1. New Delhi, built by the British early last century, calls up memories of a different era with its wide avenues, beautiful gardens and grand buildings. 原译：上个世纪由英国人建造的新德里城总是让人回忆起那个时代的宽阔的林荫道、 美丽的花园和宏伟的大楼。 2. The shock of an accident or a physical injury may sometimes cause immediate inability to think clearly — even when the injury is not to the head. 原译：事故的影响或者是身体受伤有时可能造成当时不能仔细思考，即使有时伤口 不在头部。 3. To relax himself for a little while, he rose from a computer desk, walked across the room