Friction Appreciation A Farewel to arms L. About the whole Text 1. Summary:(全文) One of hemingway 's war and love stories, this novel takes place in Italy during World War I and is tied closely to the authors own experience as an American Ambulance Driver for the italian Army. The story opens during a ull(暂停) in the action and the reader meets a group of men who work with the wounded during battle. In the course of waiting or action, the protagonist, Henry, meets and courts(求爱) an English nurse stationed in Italy The core of the tale is the evolution(进展发 h of the love of these two in the face of increasing military involvement, including an engagement in which Henry is wounded and
Friction Appreciation A Farewell to Arms I. About the Whole Text 1. Summary: （全文） One of Hemingway's war and love stories, this novel takes place in Italy during World War I and is tied closely to the author's own experience as an American Ambulance Driver for the Italian Army. The story opens during a lull （暂停）in the action and the reader meets a group of men who work with the wounded during battle. In the course of waiting for action, the protagonist, Henry, meets and courts（求爱） an English nurse stationed in Italy. The core of the tale is the evolution （进展 发 展）of the love of these two in the face of increasing military involvement, including an engagement in which Henry is wounded and
after his return to the front, an italian retreat from which he barely escapes with his life. Ultimately, he and Catherine, his English love, defect and enter Switzerland to await the birth of their child. Baby and mother both die and henry is left alone his future left by the author unplotted 2. Summary and Analysis of Each Section chapters 1-5 The novel opens with a description of artillery-laden troops marching slowly through the rains of late summer and autumn one of these men is the American Frederic Henry, an ambulance driver. Henry is currently in the Italian army, at the Italian front during World War I The main action of these first few chapters begins when Henry returns from winter leave in early spring. His roommate, Rinaldi, is enamored(倾心的,迷住的) of a british nurse, Catherine Barkley, at a nearby British hospital
after his return to the front, an Italian retreat from which he barely escapes with his life. Ultimately, he and Catherine, his English love, defect and enter Switzerland to await the birth of their child. Baby and mother both die and Henry is left alone, his future left by the author unplotted. 2. Summary and Analysis of Each Section chapters 1 - 5 The novel opens with a description of artillery-laden troops marching slowly through the rains of late summer and autumn. One of these men is the American Frederic Henry, an ambulance driver. Henry is currently in the Italian army, at the Italian front during World War I. The main action of these first few chapters begins when Henry returns from winter leave in early spring. His roommate, Rinaldi, is enamored（倾心的，迷住的） of a British nurse, Catherine Barkley, at a nearby British hospital
Rinaldi convinces Henry to visit the hospital with him and Henry finds himself attracted to Catherine. A few days later, Henry comes back to see Catherine and the two kiss Explanation: The opening chapter is an important one, introducing many major motifs to be developed later. In the chapter, war and death are juxtaposed against nature and life. There are trees, but they are coated in dust and the leaves fall off early because of it. The thick, green leaves not found on the trees are instead used by the troops to conceal guns in the trucks. The clear and swift-moving river water is juxtaposed against images of rain and mud as well as slow-moving troops. The image of fertility is compared to soldiers carrying artillery in front of their bellies The situation here is bleak. The chapter sets up a tired mood, with troops trudging incessantly through the mud. It is also soured by irony: " At the start of the winter came the permanent rain and with the rain came the cholera, but it was
Rinaldi convinces Henry to visit the hospital with him and Henry finds himself attracted to Catherine. A few days later, Henry comes back to see Catherine and the two kiss. Explanation: The opening chapter is an important one, introducing many major motifs to be developed later. In the chapter, war and death are juxtaposed against nature and life. There are trees, but they are coated in dust and the leaves fall off early because of it. The thick, green leaves not found on the trees are instead used by the troops to conceal guns in the trucks. The clear and swift-moving river water is juxtaposed against images of rain and mud as well as slow-moving troops. The image of fertility is compared to soldiers carrying artillery in front of their bellies. The situation here is bleak. The chapter sets up a tired mood, with troops trudging incessantly through the mud. It is also soured by irony: "At the start of the winter came the permanent rain and with the rain came the cholera. But it was
checked and in the end only seven thousand died of it in the army. The description of a permanent rain"is intended to create a feeling of helplessness. The " only" in the second sentence conveys a sense of the wars scope The tiredness of the war is mirrored by the troops themselves. The narrator begins the second chapter with the comment that the next year there were many victories. That is all. It is blunt and detached, as if the victories no longer matter and nobody knows what they are fighting for. Later, a shell explodes in front of Henry and instead of reacting emotionally, he simply describes the smell of the explosion one of "blasted clay and stone and freshly shattered flint The narrator of the story and the protagonist are two different people, as can be seen in the soliloquy on pages 13 and 14. The protagonist is Henry Frederick during the events narrated in the book, but the narrator is clearly an older Henry, one after the events. The soliloquy (3 白,自言自语) itself revolves around an"it"that
checked and in the end only seven thousand died of it in the army." The description of a "permanent rain" is intended to create a feeling of helplessness. The "only" in the second sentence conveys a sense of the war's scope. The tiredness of the war is mirrored by the troops themselves. The narrator begins the second chapter with the comment that "the next year there were many victories." That is all. It is blunt and detached, as if the victories no longer matter and nobody knows what they are fighting for. Later, a shell explodes in front of Henry and instead of reacting emotionally, he simply describes the smell of the explosion: one of "blasted clay and stone and freshly shattered flint." The narrator of the story and the protagonist are two different people, as can be seen in the soliloquy on pages 13 and 14. The protagonist is Henry Frederick during the events narrated in the book, but the narrator is clearly an older Henry, one after the events. The soliloquy（独 白，自言自语）itself revolves around an "it" that
separates the narrator from the protagonist: it is something which "I did not know then, although I learned it later. It is something the priest " had always known"and which Henry " was always able to forget. What henry refers to is still debated among scholars, but the most prominent(卓越的,显著的) opinion seems to be that the it refers to a questioning of faith The argument is that over the course of the novel Henry has developed a tragic vision of sorts-a knowledge that the world is indifferent (i.e. there is no God)and that life is ultimately meaningless. A few scholars have argued that the it"is the opposite-Henry has come to the realization that he has a soul and that death is not final. The interpretation of the novel presented here will favor the former, which is more consistent with the trends that run through Hemingway's other novels Whichever the case, at this point in the novel it is worth noting that there is already a seed of existentialism in Henry. When returning from leave, he notes that nothing seems to have
separates the narrator from the protagonist: it is something which "I did not know then, although I learned it later." It is something the priest "had always known" and which Henry "was always able to forget." What Henry refers to is still debated among scholars, but the most prominent（卓越的，显著的） opinion seems to be that the "it" refers to a questioning of faith. The argument is that over the course of the novel Henry has developed a tragic vision of sorts-a knowledge that the world is indifferent (i.e. there is no God) and that life is ultimately meaningless. A few scholars have argued that the "it" is the opposite-Henry has come to the realization that he has a soul and that death is not final. The interpretation of the novel presented here will favor the former, which is more consistent with the trends that run through Hemingway's other novels. Whichever the case, at this point in the novel it is worth noting that there is already a seed of existentialism in Henry. When returning from leave, he notes that nothing seems to have