Requirements for optimal evaporation ◼ (l) rapid rate of heat transfer. ◼ (2) low-temperature operation through application of a vacuum. ◼ (3) efficient vapor-liquid separation. ◼ (4) efficient energy use and recovery
Requirements for optimal evaporation ◼ (l) rapid rate of heat transfer. ◼ (2) low-temperature operation through application of a vacuum. ◼ (3) efficient vapor-liquid separation. ◼ (4) efficient energy use and recovery
Types of Evaporators ◼ Short tube or Calandria Evaporator. ◼ Long Tube Vertical Rising Film Evaporator ◼ Long Tube Vertical Falling Film Evaporator ◼ Forced Circulation Evaporator. ◼ Wipe Film or Agitated Thin Film Evaporator. ◼ Plate Evaporator. ◼ Centrifugal/Conical Evaporator
Types of Evaporators ◼ Short tube or Calandria Evaporator. ◼ Long Tube Vertical Rising Film Evaporator ◼ Long Tube Vertical Falling Film Evaporator ◼ Forced Circulation Evaporator. ◼ Wipe Film or Agitated Thin Film Evaporator. ◼ Plate Evaporator. ◼ Centrifugal/Conical Evaporator
Short tube Evaporator ◼ A short but wide steam chest in the form of a shell and tube heat exchanger characterize this type of evaporator. Steam is fed to the inside of the internal tubes. Circulation is generated naturally. Density differences due to heating around the steam pipes cause the warmer fluid to rise and the colder fluid to sink. A vacuum source maintains to reduce boiling temperature
Short tube Evaporator ◼ A short but wide steam chest in the form of a shell and tube heat exchanger characterize this type of evaporator. Steam is fed to the inside of the internal tubes. Circulation is generated naturally. Density differences due to heating around the steam pipes cause the warmer fluid to rise and the colder fluid to sink. A vacuum source maintains to reduce boiling temperature
7.3 Types of Evaporators Used table in the Food Industry Short-Tube(Calandria)Evaporator Long-Tube Vertical Evaporators Rising film Falling film Forced-Circulation Evaporator Wiped Film/Agitated Thin-Film Evaporator Plate Evaporator Rising/falling film Centrifugal/Conical Evaporator
Vapor Feed Steam Fluid Condensate Product 7.1 Short-tube evaporator. figure