2)The verb phrase The verb phrase is a phrase with a main verb as its head.A verb phrase can be simple or complex.A simple verb phrase is just a main verb of "modifier main verb".For example, 我 She looks pale.(她看上去很苍白) 分 They fully appreciate our problems. 我 (他们完全意识到了我们的问题) A complex verb phrase is a main verb preceded by an auxiliary(auxiliaries )( modifier )For example: 11
11 2)The verb phrase The verb phrase is a phrase with a main verb as its head. A verb phrase can be simple or complex. A simple verb phrase is just a main verb of "modifier + main verb". For example, She looks pale.(她看上去很苍白) They fully appreciate our problems. (他们完全意识到了我们的问题) A complex verb phrase is a main verb preceded by an auxiliary( auxiliaries )( + modifier ). For example:
It is getting dark.(天就要黑了) 分 She ought to have told him about it.(她本应该早告诉他这 件事) Joan will certainly object and so will Mary..(琼一定会反对， 玛丽也一样会反对) 3)The adjective phrase The adjective phrase is a phrase with an adjective as its head.The general pattern of an adjective phrase is:modifier +)adj.(post- modifier complementation )For example: The weather is fine today. The course is pretty difficult. You are not careful enough. 12
12 It is getting dark. (天就要黑了) She ought to have told him about it. (她本应该早告诉他这 件事) Joan will certainly object and so will Mary. (琼一定会反对, 玛丽也一样会反对) 3) The adjective phrase The adjective phrase is a phrase with an adjective as its head. The general pattern of an adjective phrase is: ( modifier + ) adj. ( + postmodifier / complementation ). For example: The weather is fine today. The course is pretty difficult. You are not careful enough
4)The adverb phrase The adverb phrase is a phrase with an adverb as its head.The general pattern of an adverb phrase is: modifier +adverb(+post-modifier )For example: 数 He spoke loudly and clearly. She spoke very clearly indeed. 5)The prepositional phrase: The prepositional phrase is a phrase with a preposition as its head.The general pattern of a prepositional phrase is: 我 (modifier +)preposition complementation,eg: 多 The weather has been fine except in the north. 13
13 4)The adverb phrase The adverb phrase is a phrase with an adverb as its head. The general pattern of an adverb phrase is: ( modifier + ) adverb ( + post-modifier ). For example: He spoke loudly and clearly. She spoke very clearly indeed. 5)The prepositional phrase: The prepositional phrase is a phrase with a preposition as its head. The general pattern of a prepositional phrase is: (modifier + ) preposition + complementation， eg： The weather has been fine except in the north
s4 clause(分句) The clause is composed of one or more than one phrase.A full-fledged clause is structurally a sequence of phrases and logically a construction of "subject+predicate".For example: 带 Sentence 分 Clause 轮 Subject predicate 5 Subject verb object 分 NP VP NP The producers are able to supply a small 'part of our needs
14 4.clause(分句) The clause is composed of one or more than one phrase. A full-fledged clause is structurally a sequence of phrases and logically a construction of “subject+predicate”. For example: Sentence Clause Subject predicate Subject verb object NP VP NP The producers are able to supply a small part of our needs
1)Independent and dependent clauses( 分句和从属分句 In terms of grammatical function,a clause can be independent or dependent.An independent clause is a clause that can stand by itself and act as a complete utterance,as distinguished from a dependent clause which forms only part of another clause or of a phrase.For example: (I clause)He knows everything about it. (D clause)I don't think he knows everything about it. 15
15 1)Independent and dependent clauses(独立 分句和从属分句) In terms of grammatical function,a clause can be independent or dependent. An independent clause is a clause that can stand by itself and act as a complete utterance, as distinguished from a dependent clause which forms only part of another clause or of a phrase. For example: (I clause) He knows everything about it. (D clause) I don't think he knows everything about it