Unit 5 Book 2 Moral value ###1. Difficult Sentences 1.(Para. 4)He was thinking only of his own pleasure and satisfaction disregarding long-term consequences 1. What's the grammatical function of "disregarding long-term consequences"? (=现在分词短语作状语。 More examples: She went out, slamming the door. I fell, striking my head against the door and cutting it. 2. Translate the sentence into chinese (=他只顾自己一时的享乐和满足,不管长远的后果。) 2.(Para. 10)During the nation's first century and a half, almost rything in the literature of success and self-help focused on what could be called the character ethic Paraphrase this sentence (During the first 150 years of our country, almost everything written about success ad self-help centered on the importance of good character for success. 2. Translate the sentence into chinese (=在我国历史最初的150多年中,几乎所有关于成功与自励的文献都聚 焦在可称为品德标准方面。) 3. (Para. 11)Rather than struggle with difficult issues of right and wrong we turned to making things run smoothly. 1. What does the author intend to say? (Instead of struggling in our minds about whether our actions are morally right or wrong, we concentrated on how to make things go easier 2. Translate the sentence into chinese (=我们不会在大是大非的痛苦问题上纠缠,而专注于如何使事情顺利运作。) 4.(Para. 14)The key is learning how to look within to work inside out. 1. Are there any thing omitted in this sentence?
1 Unit 5 Book 2 Moral Value ##1. Difficult Sentences 1. (Para. 4) He was thinking only of his own pleasure and satisfaction disregarding long-term consequences. 1. What’s the grammatical function of “disregarding long-term consequences”？ (=现在分词短语作状语。 More examples: She went out, slamming the door. I fell, striking my head against the door and cutting it.) 2. Translate the sentence into Chinese. (=他只顾自己一时的享乐和满足，不管长远的后果。) 2. (Para. 10) During the nation’s first century and a half, almost everything in the literature of success and self-help focused on what could be called the character ethic. 1. Paraphrase this sentence. (=During the first 150 years of our country, almost everything written about success ad self-help centered on the importance of good character for success.) 2. Translate the sentence into Chinese. (=在我国历史最初的 150 多年中，几乎所有关于成功与自励的文献都聚 焦在可称为品德标准方面。) 3. (Para. 11) Rather than struggle with difficult issues of right and wrong, we turned to making things run smoothly. 1. What does the author intend to say? (= Instead of struggling in our minds about whether our actions are morally right or wrong, we concentrated on how to make things go easier.) 2. Translate the sentence into Chinese. (=我们不会在大是大非的痛苦问题上纠缠，而专注于如何使事情顺利运作。) 4. (Para. 14) The key is learning how to look within to work inside out. 1. Are there anything omitted in this sentence?
(Yes. The complete sentence should be"The key is learning how to look within and learning how to work inside out. " 2. Translate the sentence into chinese (=关键是要学会如何内省,然后由内而外,推己及人。) 5.(Para. 16)Day by day, as you make and keep increasingly challenging promises, you will be making deposits in your “ character account” 1. What does "character account" mean in the sentence? ( Character account"means you will be improving your character 2 gradually in the same way as you save your money in the bank. Translate the sentence into chinese (=日复一日,你许下并恪守越来越有挑战性的诺言,你也同时在往你的“道 德账户”上存“钱”。) 6.(Para. 18There's no more essential ingredient for character growth than trust 1. Paraphrase the sentence (The most important factor in character growth is trust 2. Translate the sentence into chinese (=在品德成熟的过程中,没有哪一种因素会比信任更加关键的了。) 7.(Para. 21) How often have we heard of someone who is an excellent employee but treats his or her spouse like a piece of furniture? 1. What figure of speech is used in the sentence? (Simile.) 2. Translate the sentence into chinese (=我们会不会经常听说这样的人,比如一个很出色的员工,却把自己的配偶 当作一件家具那样对待?) 8.(Para. 22) This is why our families provide a critical measure of our character and the opportunity, again and again, to nurture it 1. What's the meaning of the sentence? (This is the reason why our families are important as places where our character is constantly tested and gradually improved 2. Translate the sentence into chinese
2 (= Yes. The complete sentence should be “The key is learning how to look within and learning how to work inside out.”) 2. Translate the sentence into Chinese. (=关键是要学会如何内省，然后由内而外，推己及人。) 5. (Para. 16) Day by day, as you make and keep increasingly challenging promises, you will be making deposits in your “character account.” 1. What does “character account” mean in the sentence? (=“Character account” means you will be improving your character gradually in the same way as you save your money in the bank. ) 2. Translate the sentence into Chinese. (=日复一日，你许下并恪守越来越有挑战性的诺言，你也同时在往你的“道 德账户”上存“钱”。) 6. (Para. 18) There’s no more essential ingredient for character growth than trust. 1. Paraphrase the sentence. (=The most important factor in character growth is trust.) 2. Translate the sentence into Chinese. (=在品德成熟的过程中，没有哪一种因素会比信任更加关键的了。) 7. (Para. 21) How often have we heard of someone who is an excellent employee but treats his or her spouse like a piece of furniture? 1. What figure of speech is used in the sentence? (=Simile. ) 2. Translate the sentence into Chinese. (=我们会不会经常听说这样的人，比如一个很出色的员工，却把自己的配偶 当作一件家具那样对待？) 8. (Para. 22) This is why our families provide a critical measure of our character and the opportunity, again and again, to nurture it. 1. What’s the meaning of the sentence? (=This is the reason why our families are important as places where our character is constantly tested and gradually improved.) 2. Translate the sentence into Chinese
(=这就是为什么我们的家庭能为我们的品德提供一个重要的量度,而且不 断提供机会滋养它。) 2 Words and Expressions 1.(#)competent: adj. having enough skill or knowledge to sth to a satisfactory standard I wouldn't say he was brilliant but he is competent at his job CF: competent, able, capable 这些形容词均含有“有能力的,能干的”之意 competent强调具有能胜任某项工作的足够技能或其它所需的条件。 able最常用词,多用于褒义,着重指有能力做某事,常用于 be able to这个词组。 capable语气弱于able,指有能力、有潜力做某事,常与of连用。 Exercise: (Directions: )Fill in the blanks with the three words above. 1. Will she be to cope with the work?able) 2. I think your plan is of being improved. capable) 3. We need to get an assistant whos and efficient. capable) 4. She is inforherwork.competent) 5. It's so wonderful being to see the sea from my window. able) 6. this court is not with regard to your case.=competent) 2(序言) integrity:n 1) the quality of being honest and strong about what you believe to be No one doubted that the president was a man of the highest integrity (插入声音文件 integrity) (Bill is really a man of integrity. 2)(formal) the state of being united as one complete thing A modern extension on the old building would ruin its architectural integrity 他们竭尽全力保持自己的文化完整。 (They tried their best to keep their cultural integrity intact. 3.(Para. 1)consult: 1. v. ask for information or advice from sb. because it is the ir job to know Im not quite sure how to get there- I'd better consult a map 2. V discuss sth with someone so that you can make a decision together Why didnt you consult me about this? 他们将就如何开展进行竞选活动进行磋商。(插入图片文件 consu They are going to consult on how to launch the election campaign
3 (=这就是为什么我们的家庭能为我们的品德提供一个重要的量度，而且不 断提供机会滋养它。) ## 2. Words and Expressions 1. (序言) competent: adj. having enough skill or knowledge to do sth. to a satisfactory standard I wouldn’t say he was brilliant but he is competent at his job. CF: competent, able, capable 这些形容词均含有“有能力的，能干的”之意 competent 强调具有能胜任某项工作的足够技能或其它所需的条件。 able 最常用词，多用于褒义，着重指有能力做某事，常用于 be able to 这个词组。 capable 语气弱于 able，指有能力、有潜力做某事，常与 of 连用。 Exercise: (Directions:) Fill in the blanks with the three words above. 1. Will she be ______ to cope with the work? (=able) 2. I think your plan is _____ of being improved. (=capable) 3. We need to get an assistant who’s _____ and efficient. (=capable) 4. She is ______ in / for her work. (=competent) 5. It’s so wonderful being _____ to see the sea from my window. (=able) 6. This court is not ______ with regard to your case. (=competent) 2. (序言) integrity: n. 1) the quality of being honest and strong about what you believe to be right No one doubted that the president was a man of the highest integrity. (插入声音文件 integrity) (=Bill is really a man of integrity.) 2) (formal) the state of being united as one complete thing A modern extension on the old building would ruin its architectural integrity. 他们竭尽全力保持自己的文化完整。 (=They tried their best to keep their cultural integrity intact.) 3. (Para. 1) consult: 1. v. ask for information or advice from sb. because it is their job to know sth. I’m not quite sure how to get there — I’d better consult a map. 2. v. discuss sth. with someone so that you can make a decision together Why didn’t you consult me about this? 他们将就如何开展进行竞选活动进行磋商。(插入图片文件 consult) (= They are going to consult on how to launch the election campaign.)
Patterns consult sb. about sth consult with 4. (Para. 1)morale: n. the level of confidence and positive feelings that people have, especially people who work together, who belong to the same team, etc. A couple of victories would improve the team's morale enormously 长期的失业使得他精神不振。 (A long period of unemployment weakened his morale 5. (Para. 1)rise through the ranks make progress from a low position to a high positi On our ships, the officers rose through the ranks and every young sailor boy had his chances (插入声音文件rank) (She had joined the company as a secretary and risen through the ranks 6.(Para. 2)stump: V if you are stumped by a question or problem, you are unable to find an answer to it I'm completely stumped how did she manage to escape? 我很为难,简直不知如何是好。 Elm stumped: I just don ' t know what to do. 7.(Para. 2)emerge: V 1)appear or come out from somewhere She emerged from the sea, blue with cold 太阳从云朵后面钻出来。 (The sun emerged from behind a cloud 2)if facts emerge, they become known after being hidden or secret Differences on the issues have emerged 经彻底调查,总的情况明朗了 After thorough investigation there emerged an overall picture Pattern emerge from 8.(Para. 3)affair: n 1)a secret sexual relationship between two people, when at least one of them is married to sb. else She's having an affair with a married man (插入声音文件 affair (He had an affair with his boss that lasted six years. 2 things connected with your personal life, your financial situation, etc
4 Patterns: consult sb. about sth. consult with 4. (Para. 1) morale : n. the level of confidence and positive feelings that people have, especially people who work together, who belong to the same team, etc. A couple of victories would improve the team’s morale enormously. 长期的失业使得他精神不振。 (=A long period of unemployment weakened his morale.) 5. (Para. 1) rise through the ranks : make progress from a low position to a high position On our ships, the officers rose through the ranks and every young sailor boy had his chances. (插入声音文件 rank) (=She had joined the company as a secretary and risen through the ranks.) 6. (Para. 2) stump: v. if you are stumped by a question or problem, you are unable to find an answer to it I’m completely stumped — how did she manage to escape? 我很为难, 简直不知如何是好。 (=I’m stumped: I just don’t know what to do.) 7. (Para. 2) emerge: v. 1) appear or come out from somewhere She emerged from the sea, blue with cold. 太阳从云朵后面钻出来。 (=The sun emerged from behind a cloud.) 2) if facts emerge, they become known after being hidden or secret Differences on the issues have emerged. 经彻底调查，总的情况明朗了。 (=After thorough investigation there emerged an overall picture.) Pattern: emerge from 8. (Para. 3) affair: n. 1) a secret sexual relationship between two people, when at least one of them is married to sb. else She’s having an affair with a married man. (插入声音文件 affair) (=He had an affair with his boss that lasted six years.) 2) things connected with your personal life, your financial situation, etc
(插入图片文件afin She organizes her financial affairs very efficiently 别理我,管好你自己的事 =Leave me alone; mind your own affairs. CF: affair. business matter 这些名词均含“事情”之意。 affair含义较广,侧重指与你个人生活有关的事务。复数形式多指重大或较复杂 的事务。 business通常指生意上的事情 matter普通用词,着重指一件不得不考虑的或需要处理的事 Exercise: (Directions Fill in the blanks with the three words above 1. The minister deals with important (affairs) 2. Will you phone me back - it's a of some importance. matter) 3. Our firm does a lot of with overseas customers. business) 4. Currently, there are fewer firms in in the area than ever before ( business) 5. Talking about the world's problems is one thing, but solving them is another altogether. matter) 6. What I do in my spare time is my (affair) 7. Alois denied any knowledge of the (matter) 8. Eventually they found a consultant they felt they could do with (business) 9.(Para. 4)obvious: adj. easy to notice or understand They have a small child so for obvious reasons they need money It was obvious that I knew very little about it 10.(Para. 4)conduct: 1. n the way sb. behaves, especially in public, in their job, etc 插入声音文件 conduct) (The club has a strict code of conduct 2. v carry out a particu lar activity or process, especially in order to get information or prove facts We are conducting a survey to find out what our customers think of their local bus service 实验是由纽约的科学家们实施完成的。(插入图片文件 conduct) (The experiments were conducted by the scientists in New York.) 11.(Para. 4)consequence: n. sth. that happens as a result of a particular action or set of conditions Well, if you insist on eating so much, you'l have to suffer the
5 (插入图片文件 affair) She organizes her financial affairs very efficiently. 别理我，管好你自己的事。 (=Leave me alone; mind your own affairs.) CF: affair, business & matter 这些名词均含“事情”之意。 affair 含义较广，侧重指与你个人生活有关的事务。复数形式多指重大或较复杂 的事务。 business 通常指生意上的事情。 matter 普通用词，着重指一件不得不考虑的或需要处理的事。 Exercise: (Directions:) Fill in the blanks with the three words above. 1. The minister deals with important _____. (=affairs) 2. Will you phone me back — it’s a _____ of some importance. (=matter) 3. Our firm does a lot of _____ with overseas customers. (=business) 4. Currently, there are fewer firms in _____ in the area than ever before. (=business) 5. Talking about the world’s problems is one thing, but solving them is another _____ altogether. (=matter) 6. What I do in my spare time is my_____. (=affair) 7. Alois denied any knowledge of the _____. (=matter) 8. Eventually they found a consultant they felt they could do _____ with. (=business) 9. (Para. 4) obvious : adj. easy to notice or understand They have a small child so for obvious reasons they need money. It was obvious that I knew very little about it. 10. (Para. 4) conduct : 1. n. the way sb. behaves, especially in public, in their job, etc. (插入声音文件 conduct) (=The club has a strict code of conduct.) 2. v. carry out a particular activity or process, especially in order to get information or prove facts We are conducting a survey to find out what our customers think of their local bus service. 实验是由纽约的科学家们实施完成的。(插入图片文件 conduct) (=The experiments were conducted by the scientists in New York.) 11. (Para. 4) consequence: n. sth. that happens as a result of a particular action or set of conditions Well, if you insist on eating so much, you’ll have to suffer the