Unit 8 Book 2 Did You have a tough chidhood? 1. Difficult Sentences 1.(Para. 1)Intense difficulties, hardships and major obstacles are actually often major contributors to success 1. Translate the sentence into chinese (=重大的困难、艰辛和障碍,往往能造就成功。) 2. Analyze the translation skill. ( The transformation of part of speech in English-Chinese translation is used here. We change the noun "contributors"in English into the verb phrase“造就” in Chinese) 2.(Para. 1)It's true that difficult childhoods do leave some people wounded and disadvantaged Analyze the usage of“do” (Here the word"do"is used for emphasis More examples You do look nice in that hat I do think she's behaved badly 3.(Para. 3).. had watched their own parents struggle with intense psychological dramas Translate the sentence into chinese (=………目睹了自己的父母经历失和的一些戏剧性场面。) 4. (Para. 4)As a young girl she was painfully aware of being very homely. 1. Paraphrase the sentence (E As a young lady she realized that she was not good-looking, about which she felt very upset. 2. Translate the sentence into chinese (=少女时,她就痛苦地意识到自己长相平庸。)
1 Unit 8 Book 2 Did You Have a Tough Childhood? 1. Difficult Sentences 1. (Para. 1) Intense difficulties, hardships and major obstacles are actually often major contributors to success. 1. Translate the sentence into Chinese. (=重大的困难、艰辛和障碍，往往能造就成功。) 2. Analyze the translation skill. (=The transformation of part of speech in English-Chinese translation is used here. We change the noun “contributors” in English into the verb phrase “造就” in Chinese.) 2. (Para. 1) It’s true that difficult childhoods do leave some people wounded and disadvantaged. Analyze the usage of “do”. (= Here the word “do” is used for emphasis. More examples: You do look nice in that hat. I do think she’s behaved badly. 3. (Para. 3) … had watched their own parents struggle with intense psychological dramas. Translate the sentence into Chinese. (=……目睹了自己的父母经历失和的一些戏剧性场面。) 4. (Para. 4) As a young girl she was painfully aware of being very homely. 1. Paraphrase the sentence. (= As a young lady she realized that she was not good-looking, about which she felt very upset.) 2. Translate the sentence into Chinese. (=少女时，她就痛苦地意识到自己长相平庸。)
5.(Para. 4)she hauled herself up by her own bootstraps and began to strive for a higher, more powerful consciousness. 1. What can we learn from the sentence? (Anna Eleanor Roosevelt was a great woman, who believed her future depended on her own endeavor 2. Translate the sentence into chinese (=她依靠自己的努力,着手提高自身的觉悟。) 6.(Para. 7)She displayed a tough, unyielding courage, tempered by remarkable self-control and self-discipline. 1. What is the function of this part of the sentence tempered. self-discipline"? (= It is used to modify the word“ courage”) 2. Translate the sentence into chinese (=她非凡的自控和自律造就了坚强不屈的勇气。) 7.(Para. 8 Where there is no challenge, obstacle or hardship, growth and development is often limited Analyze the structure of the sentence (The clause led by"where"is a subordinate clause and the subject of the main clause is"growth and development 8.(Para. 9 )But he tapped into his resources of inner courage and determination Translate the sentence into chinese (=但他最大限度地利用了内在的勇气和决心。) 9. LL73-74)Helen Keller, who could not hear or see, transformed an entire nation when she graduated with honors from college. 1. Paraphrase"when she graduated with honor from college' (Helen got one of the highest grades when she graduated from college
2 5. (Para. 4) She hauled herself up by her own bootstraps and began to strive for a higher, more powerful consciousness. 1. What can we learn from the sentence? (=Anna Eleanor Roosevelt was a great woman, who believed her future depended on her own endeavor.) 2. Translate the sentence into Chinese. (=她依靠自己的努力，着手提高自身的觉悟。) 6. (Para. 7) She displayed a tough, unyielding courage, tempered by remarkable self-control and self-discipline. 1. What is the function of this part of the sentence “tempered…self-discipline”? (= It is used to modify the word “courage”.) 2. Translate the sentence into Chinese. (=她非凡的自控和自律造就了坚强不屈的勇气。) 7. (Para.8) Where there is no challenge, obstacle or hardship, growth and development is often limited. Analyze the structure of the sentence. (=The clause led by “where” is a subordinate clause and the subject of the main clause is “growth and development”. 8. (Para. 9) But he tapped into his resources of inner courage and determination. Translate the sentence into Chinese. (=但他最大限度地利用了内在的勇气和决心。) 9. (LL73~74) Helen Keller, who could not hear or see, transformed an entire nation when she graduated with honors from college. 1. Paraphrase “when she graduated with honor from college”. (=Helen got one of the highest grades when she graduated from college.)
2. What can we infer from the sentence? (We can infer from the sentence that people admired Helens spirit of overcoming difficulties. 10.(Para. 10)I'll take life by the throat!' 1. Paraphrase the sentence ( l will take positive attitude to deal with my life 2. Why did Beethoven shout out this sentence? Because he was then completely deaf and he didn' t want to yield his fate. 11.(Para. 12) Get past your"old stuff,, my friend, and fire yourself up! 1. What does "old stuff refer to? It refers to the failures and hardships in the past 2. Translate this sentence into chinese (=忘记”旧事”,我的朋友,让自已振奋起来!) 2. Words and Expressions 1.(Para. 1)claim: v. state that sth. is true, even though it has not been proved The company claims that their product "makes you thin without dieting”. 插入声音文件cam (After the battle both sides claimed victory 2. (F) hardship: n sth that makes your life difficult or unpleasant, especially a lack of money, or the condition of having a difficult life Many students are suffering severe financial hardship
3 2. What can we infer from the sentence? (= We can infer from the sentence that people admired Helen’s spirit of overcoming difficulties. ) 10. (Para. 10)I’ll take life by the throat!” 1. Paraphrase the sentence. (=I will take positive attitude to deal with my life.) 2. Why did Beethoven shout out this sentence? (= Because he was then completely deaf and he didn’t want to yield to his fate. ) 11. (Para. 12) Get past your “old stuff”, my friend, and fire yourself up! 1. What does “old stuff” refer to? (= It refers to the failures and hardships in the past.) 2. Translate this sentence into Chinese. (=忘记”旧事”，我的朋友，让自己振奋起来！) 2. Words and Expressions 1. (Para. 1) claim: v. state that sth. is true, even though it has not been proved The company claims that their product “makes you thin without dieting”. (插入声音文件 claim) (=After the battle both sides claimed victory.) 2. (序言 ) hardship: n. sth. that makes your life difficult or unpleasant, especially a lack of money, or the condition of having a difficult life Many students are suffering severe financial hardship
磨难接踵而来。 Hardships came one after another CF: hardship difficulty 这两个名词都表示“困难”之意。 hardship强调指生活上令人难以承受的艰难困苦,如疾病、贫穷等。例如: difficulty指需大量思考和技巧或努力才能克服的任何困难。例如: Collocations bear hardships endure hardships experience/ go through hardships fear hardships suffer hardships 3.(Para. 1)disadvantage 1. v. make sb. less likely to be successful or to put them in a worse situation than others The selective system does not seem to disadvantage those at the bottom of the class 2. n sth that causes problems, or that makes someone or sth less likely be successful or effective The main disadvantage of the material is that it fades in strong sunlight. Collocations. at a disadvantage put . at a disadvantage 4. (Para. 1)drives sb. to sth. strongly influence sb. to do sth The noises in my head have nearly driven me to suicide 5.(Para.1)achievement: n sth important that you succeed in doing by your own efforts The test measures the children's achievements in read ing, spelling and maths Collocations belittle sb's achievement 贬低某人的成绩
4 磨难接踵而来。 (= Hardships came one after another.) CF: hardship & difficulty 这两个名词都表示“困难”之意。 hardship 强调指生活上令人难以承受的艰难困苦，如疾病、贫穷等。例如: difficulty 指需大量思考和技巧或努力才能克服的任何困难。例如: Collocations: bear hardships endure hardships experience / go through hardships fear hardships suffer hardships 3. (Para. 1) disadvantage: 1. v. make sb. less likely to be successful or to put them in a worse situation than others The selective system does not seem to disadvantage those at the bottom of the class. 2. n. sth. that causes problems, or that makes someone or sth. less likely to be successful or effective The main disadvantage of the material is that it fades in strong sunlight. Collocations: at a disadvantage put … at a disadvantage 4. (Para. 1) drives sb. to sth. : strongly influence sb. to do sth. The noises in my head have nearly driven me to suicide. 5. (Para.1) achievement: n. sth. important that you succeed in doing by your own efforts The test measures the children’s achievements in reading, spelling and maths. Collocations: belittle sb’s achievement 贬低某人的成绩
academic achievement 学术成就 6.(Para. 2)identify: v. 1)recognize and correctly name sb or sth She identified the man as her attacker (插入声音文件 identify)(插入图baby) Even the smallest baby can identify its mother by her voice. 2 recognize sth or discover exactly what it is, what its nature or orig in is, etc They identified a number of problem areas. 7.( Para. 3)abuse 1. n, cruel or violent treatment of sb Child abuse is a punishable offense 2. V. deliberately use sth. for the wrong purpose or for your own advantage Many of the kids are abusing drugs Collocation abuse one's authority/ power滥用职权 8.(Para. 3)handicap: n 1)if sb. has a handicap, a part of their body or their mind has been permanently injured or damaged. Babies of alcoholic mothers can be born with a severe degree of handicap 耳聋可以说是严重的残疾。 (Deafness can be a serious handicap 2) a situation that makes it difficult for sb. to do what they v I found not having a car quite a handicap in the country. 9.(Para. 4) mature 1. V become fully grown or developed
5 academic achievement 学术成就 6. (Para. 2) identify: v. 1) recognize and correctly name sb. or sth. She identified the man as her attacker. (插入声音文件 identify) （插入图 baby） (= Even the smallest baby can identify its mother by her voice.) 2) recognize sth. or discover exactly what it is, what its nature or origin is, etc. They identified a number of problem areas. 7. (Para. 3 ) abuse: 1. n. cruel or violent treatment of sb. Child abuse is a punishable offense. 2. v. deliberately use sth. for the wrong purpose or for your own advantage Many of the kids are abusing drugs. Collocation: abuse one’s authority / power 滥用职权 8. (Para. 3) handicap: n. 1) if sb. has a handicap, a part of their body or their mind has been permanently injured or damaged. Babies of alcoholic mothers can be born with a severe degree of handicap. 耳聋可以说是严重的残疾。 (=Deafness can be a serious handicap.) 2) a situation that makes it difficult for sb. to do what they want I found not having a car quite a handicap in the country. 9. (Para. 4) mature: 1. v. become fully grown or developed