In general for the reaction: aA+bB→IL+mM Rate of reaction=dg/Vdt=dng/Vvgdt---Definition At constant volume,dng/V=dCg S0, Rate of reaction dCg/vedt Rate of reaction =-I dC=-I dCB=I dCM=I dC a dt b dt m正ldi dC dc Rate of Rate of consumption dt dt formation Vala=VB/b=Vil=VMlm PDF文件使用"pdfFactory Pro”试用版本创建m,fineprint,com,cn
In general for the reaction: aA + bB ® l L +mM Rate of reaction=dx/Vdt=dnB /VnBdt---Definition At constant volume, dnB /V=dCB So, Rate of reaction = - 1 dCA = - 1 dCB = 1 dCM = 1 dCL a dt b dt m dt l dt Rate of reaction = dCB /nBdt dt A dC A v = - dt L dC L v = VA /a＝VB /b＝VL /l＝VM/m Rate of consumption Rate of formation PDF 文件使用 "pdfFactory Pro" 试用版本创建 f www.fineprint.com.cn ÿ
For Example 2Ht+3+H202→2H20+L3 rate -0-⅓ etc dt ● rates go as 1/(stoichiometric coefficient) Learn reactants products have opposite sign PDF文件使用"pdfFactory Pro”试用版本创建m,fineprint.com,cn
2H+ + 3I– + H2O2 ® 2H2O + I3 – etc. dt d[I ] dt d[H ] dt d[H O] dt d[I ] rate 3 1 2 2 1 2 3 1 - + - = = = - = - • rates go as 1/(stoichiometric coefficient) • reactants & products have opposite sign Learn For Example PDF 文件使用 "pdfFactory Pro" 试用版本创建 f www.fineprint.com.cn ÿ
Elementary Reactions Elementary reaction---process which occurs in a single collision or molecular event Most reactions occur in a sequence of steps called elementary reactions,each of which involves only a small number of molecules or ions. For example:H+Br2 HBr Br This equation signifies that an H atom attacks a Br2 molecule to produce an HBr molecule and a Br atom. PDF文件使用"pdfFactory Pro”试用版本创建ffm,fineprint.com,cn
Elementary Reactions Elementary reaction---process which occurs in a single collision or molecular event Most reactions occur in a sequence of steps called elementary reactions, each of which involves only a small number of molecules or ions. For example: H +Br2 HBr + Br This equation signifies that an H atom attacks a Br2 molecule to produce an HBr molecule and a Br atom. PDF 文件使用 "pdfFactory Pro" 试用版本创建 fwww.fineprint.com.cn f
Example:H2+Cl2→2HCl Four elementary reactions occurring simultaneously: Cl2→2Cl CI+H2→HCI+H H+CL2→HCI+CI 2Cl→Cl2 A H2 molecule and a Cl2 molecule never react by colliding together to form two HCI molecules! Instead: isolated Cl2 molecule falls apart to form two Cl atoms a CI atom can collide with a H2 molecule to form a HCI molecule and a H atom. PDF文件使用"pdfFactory Pro”试用版本创建m,fineprint.com,cn
Example: H2 + Cl2 ® 2HCl Four elementary reactions occurring simultaneously: Cl2 ® 2Cl Cl + H2 ® HCl + H H + Cl2 ® HCl + Cl 2Cl ® Cl2 * A H2 molecule and a Cl2 molecule never react by colliding together to form two HCl molecules! Instead: - isolated Cl2 molecule falls apart to form two Cl atoms - a Cl atom can collide with a H2 molecule to form a HCl molecule and a H atom. PDF 文件使用 "pdfFactory Pro" 试用版本创建 fwww.fineprint.com.cn f
Molecularity The molecularity of an elementary reaction is the number of molecules coming together to react in an elementary reaction. There are only three types of elementary reactions: unimolecular,e.g.Cl>2CI isolated molecule reacts bimolecular,e.g.CI+H2>HCI +H two molecules(atoms)collide and react trimolecular,three molecules (atoms)collide and react PDF文件使用"pdfFactory Pro”试用版本创建m,fineprint..com,cn
Molecularity The molecularity of an elementary reaction is the number of molecules coming together to react in an elementary reaction. There are only three types of elementary reactions: unimolecular, e.g. Cl2 ® 2Cl isolated molecule reacts bimolecular, e.g. Cl + H2 ® HCl + H two molecules (atoms) collide and react trimolecular, three molecules (atoms) collide and react PDF 文件使用 "pdfFactory Pro" 试用版本创建 fwww.fineprint.com.cn Ì