Temperature · thermometry T Volume · only for an ideal gas or real gases in the low pressure limit
Temperature • thermometry T ~ Volume • only for an ideal gas • or real gases in the low pressure limit
Composition moles: n ∑n:=n mole fraction:X ∑x;=1 partial pressure: pi Pi=p
Composition • moles: ni S ni = n • mole fraction: xi S xi = 1 • partial pressure: pi S pi = p
Equations of state PVT and n are not independent Any three will determine the fourth An equation of state is an equation that relates P vT, and n for a given substance Gases have the simplest equations of state The simplest equation of state is the ideal gas law, pv=nrT
Equations of State • P,V,T, and n are not independent. • Any three will determine the fourth. • An equation of state is an equation that relates P,V,T, and n for a given substance. • Gases have the simplest equations of state. • The simplest equation of state is the ideal gas law, pV = nRT
Ideal gas law pV=nRt p≡ pressure V=volume n= moles ·T≡ temperature R=universal gas contant =0.08206 L-atm/mol-K
Ideal Gas Law • p = pressure • V = volume • n = moles • T = temperature • R = universal gas contant = 0.08206 L-atm/mol-K pV = nRT
Partial pressure PAV=nART pa partial pressure of gas A V=total volume na= moles of gas a ·T≡ temperature R=universal gas contant =0.08206 L-atm/mol-K
Partial Pressure • pA = partial pressure of gas A • V = total volume • nA = moles of gas A • T = temperature • R = universal gas contant = 0.08206 L-atm/mol-K pA V = nA RT