Three main processes of genetic recombination in prokaryotes fragments of homologous DNA from a donor chromosome are transferred to a recipient cell (1)Transformation, which involves donor dna free in the environment (2) Transduction, in which the donor dna transfer is mediated by a virus (3) Conjugation, in which the transfer involves cell to-cell contact and a conjugative plasmid in the donor ce elI
(1) Transformation, which involves donor DNA free in the environment (2) Transduction, in which the donor DNA transfer is mediated by a virus (3) Conjugation, in which the transfer involves cellto-cell contact and a conjugative plasmid in the donor cell Three main processes of genetic recombination in prokaryotes fragments of homologous DNA from a donor chromosome are transferred to a recipient cell
Transformation Donor Transduction Donor Conjugation Donor onor US Recipient Recipient
Conjugation Transformation Transduction
Transformation Competence a cell that is able to take up a molecule of dna and be transformed is said to be competent
Competence A cell that is able to take up a molecule of DNA and be transformed is said to be competent. Transformation
The introduction of dna into cells chromo Transforming DNA by mixing the dna and the cell DNA binding protein sterce-specimo w r (a) Binding of free DNA by a membrane bound dna binding protein re nuclsatonn (b) Passage of one of the two strands into the cell while nuclease activit degrades the other strand c)The single strand in the cell is bound by specific proteins, and recombination with homologous regions of the bacterial chromosome mediated by reca protein occurs Transformed cell
(a) Binding of free DNA by a membranebound DNA binding protein. (b) Passage of one of the two strands into the cell while nuclease activity degrades the other strand. (c) The single strand in the cell is bound by specific proteins, and recombination with homologous regions of the bacterial chromosome mediated by RecA protein occurs. The introduction of DNA into cells by mixing the DNA and the cell Transformed cell
The mechanism of bacterial transformation 1. Naked DNA fragments from disintegrated cells in the area of a potential recipient cell. This cell must be of the correct genus and be in a state of competence, a proper physiologic condition, to permit entry of the DNA fragments 9 B A B G Entry of naked dNA G E:D into competent bFDC c cell e 3.Recombination Some DNA fragments replace DNA that has recombine with) original host cell DNA not recombined The resultant recombinant cell is said to is broken down have been genetically transformed and will now express the foreign genes it y enzymes G has received and pass them on to all its offspring E D
The mechanism of bacterial transformation