■2)助动词协助主要动词完成以下功用,可以用 来: ■a.表示时态,例如: He is singing 他在唱歌 ■ He has got married.他已结婚 ■b.表示语态,例如: ■ He was sent to England.他被派往英国 ■c.构成疑问句,例如: ■ Do you like college life?你喜欢大学生活吗? ■ Did you study english before you came here?你 来这儿之前学过英语吗?
◼ 2) 助动词协助主要动词完成以下功用,可以用 来: ◼ a. 表示时态,例如: ◼ He is singing. 他在唱歌。 ◼ He has got married. 他已结婚。 ◼ b. 表示语态,例如: ◼ He was sent to England. 他被派往英国。 ◼ c. 构成疑问句,例如: ◼ Do you like college life? 你喜欢大学生活吗? ◼ Did you study English before you came here? 你 来这儿之前学过英语吗?
■d.与否定副词not合用,构成否定句,例如 ■ I don t like him.我不喜欢他 ■e.加强语气,例如: ■ Do come to the party tomorrow evening.明天晚上 定来参加晚会。 ■ He did know that.他的确知道那件事。 ■3)最常用的助动词有:be(含am,is,are,was were,been及其否定式,have(含has,had及其否定 式),do(含does,did及其否定式, shall.hant,wil wont should. shouldnt. would wouldnt
◼ d. 与否定副词not合用,构成否定句,例如: ◼ I don‘t like him. 我不喜欢他。 ◼ e. 加强语气,例如: ◼ Do come to the party tomorrow evening. 明天晚上 一定来参加晚会。 ◼ He did know that. 他的确知道那件事。 ◼ 3) 最常用的助动词有:be(含am, is, are, was, were, been及其否定式), have(含has, had及其否定 式), do(含does, did及其否定式), shall, shan’t, will, won’t, should, shouldn’t, would , wouldn’t
■4助动词be的用法 ■1)be+现在分词,构成进行时态,例如: They are having a meeting.他们正在开会。 English is becoming more and more important 英语现在越来越重要 ■2)be+过去分词,构成被动语态,例如: a The window was broken by tom 窗户是汤姆打碎的。 English is taught throughout the world 世界各地都教英语
◼ 4 助动词be的用法 ◼ 1) be +现在分词,构成进行时态,例如: ◼ They are having a meeting. 他们正在开会。 English is becoming more and more important. 英语现在越来越重要。 ◼ 2) be + 过去分词,构成被动语态,例如: ◼ The window was broken by Tom. 窗户是汤姆打碎的。 English is taught throughout the world. 世界各地都教英语
3)be+动词不定式,可表示下列内容 a.表示最近、未来的计划或安排,例如: He is to go to new york next week 他下周要去纽约 We are to teach the freshmen.我们要教新生。 说明:这种用法也可以说成是一种将来时态表达法。 b.表示命令,例如: You are to explain this.对此你要做出解释 He is to come to the office this afternoon.要他今天下午来办公室。 C.征求意见,例如: How am i to answer him?我该怎样答复他? Who is to go there?谁该去那儿呢? ■d.表示相约、商定,例如: ■ We are to meet at the school gate at seven tomorrow morning.我们 明天早晨7点在校门口集合
◼ 3) be + 动词不定式,可表示下列内容: ◼ a. 表示最近、未来的计划或安排,例如: ◼ He is to go to New York next week.. 他下周要去纽约。 We are to teach the freshmen. 我们要教新生。 ◼ 说明:这种用法也可以说成是一种将来时态表达法。 ◼ b. 表示命令,例如: ◼ You are to explain this. 对此你要做出解释。 He is to come to the office this afternoon. 要他今天下午来办公室。 ◼ c. 征求意见,例如: ◼ How am I to answer him? 我该怎样答复他? Who is to go there? 谁该去那儿呢? ◼ d. 表示相约、商定,例如: ◼ We are to meet at the school gate at seven tomorrow morning. 我们 明天早晨7点在校门口集合
5助动词have的用法 1)have+过去分词,构成完成时态,例如: ■ He has left for london.他已去了伦敦。 By the end of last month, they had finished half of their work 上月未为止,他们已经完成工作的一半 2)have+been+现在分词,构成完成进行时,例如: i i have been studying english for ten years 我一直在学英语,已达十年之久 ■3)have+been+过去分词,构成完成式被动语态,例如: English has been taught in China for many years 中国教英语已经多年
◼ 5 助动词have的用法 ◼ 1)have +过去分词,构成完成时态,例如: ◼ He has left for London. 他已去了伦敦。 By the end of last month, they had finished half of their work. 上月未为止,他们已经完成工作的一半。 ◼ 2)have + been +现在分词,构成完成进行时,例如: ◼ I have been studying English for ten years. 我一直在学英语,已达十年之久。 ◼ 3)have+been +过去分词,构成完成式被动语态,例如: ◼ English has been taught in China for many years. 中国教英语已经多年