Essential amino acids o The amino acids that must obtain from our diets because we either cannot synthesize them/at all or cannot synthesize them in adequate amounts o 10 essential amino acids Val, Leu, lle, Thr, Met, Lys, Arg, Phe, His, Try
Essential amino acids z The amino acids that must obtain from our diets because we either cannot synthesize them at all or cannot synthesize them in adequate amounts z 10 essential amino acids: Val, Leu, Ile, Thr, Met, Lys, Arg, Phe, His, Try
Amino acids (=Properties of Amino Acids 1.旋光性( optical activity) 2.酸碱性(acid- base properties (1)氨基酸既是酸又是碱 COO 物理性质: FH2N-C-H ①高熔点固体 R ②易溶于水,不溶于非极性溶剂。 氨基酸在结晶状态或在接近中性的溶液中,是 以两性离子( dipolar ion)的形式存在的。是 种内盐( iailerrsa
一、Amino Acids (三)Properties of Amino Acids 1. 旋光性 (optical activity) 2. 酸碱性 (acid-base properties) (1) 氨基酸既是酸又是碱 +H3N C H COOR 物理性质: ① 高熔点固体; ② 易溶于水,不溶于非极性溶剂。 氨基酸在结晶状态或在接近中性的溶液中,是 以两性离子 (dipolar ion) 的形式存在的。是一 种内盐 (inner salt)
2.酸碱性(Acd- Base Properties) (1)氨基酸既是酸又是碱 Amino acid act either as an acid (proton donor) NH 3 NH 2 R-C-COO RC-COO H Amino acid act either as an base(proton acceptor 3 NH3 R-C-CO0"+H R-C-COOH Amino acids are ampholytes(两性电解质)
2. 酸碱性(Acid-Base Properties) (1) 氨基酸既是酸又是碱 ․Amino acid act either as an acid (proton donor) R C COONH3+ H R C COONH2 H + H+ ․Amino acid act either as an base (proton acceptor) R C COONH3+ H R C COOH NH3+ H + H+ Amino acids are ampholytes (两性电解质)
2.酸碱性(Acid- Base Properties) (2) Isoelectric Point(氨基酸的等电点) NH K x3w NH NH OH OH R-C-COOH R-C- co0--R-C-COO 1e+1a Low pI H High pH 如果在某一pH值下,氨基酸所带正电荷的数目 与负电荷的数目正好相等,即净电荷为零,则 称该pH值为该氨基酸的等电点(pD)
2. 酸碱性(Acid-Base Properties) (2) Isoelectric Point (氨基酸的等电点) R C COONH3+ H I 1 1+ R C COONH2 H III 1 Low pH High pH OHH+ K1 R C COOH NH3+ H II 1 OHH+ K2 如果在某一pH 值下,氨基酸所带正电荷的数目 与负电荷的数目正好相等,即净电荷为零,则 称该 pH 值为该氨基酸的等电点 (pI)
2酸碱性( Acid-Base Properties) (2)Isoelectric Point ①p与解离常数pK间的关系 Neutral amino acids: pI=(pK +pK,)/2 Acidic amino acids pI=(pK+ pKRCOOh /2 Basic amino acids: pI=(pK+ pKRNH2 )/2 ②等电点时, amino acids几乎全部以两性 离子I的形式存在,并伴以极少量、严格 相等的Ⅱ和I ③处于等电点的氨基酸,其溶解度最小
① pI 与解离常数 pK间的关系 Neutral amino acids: pI = (pK1 + pK2)/2 Acidic amino acids : pI = (pK1 + pKRCOOH)/2 Basic amino acids : pI = (pK1 + pKRNH2)/2 2.酸碱性(Acid-Base Properties) (2) Isoelectric Point ② 等电点时,amino acids 几乎全部以两性 离子 I 的形式存在, 并伴以极少量、严格 相等的 II 和 III。 ③ 处于等电点的氨基酸,其溶解度最小