《全新版)大学英语综合教程4 时间 斯常 Objectives: 1 Knowthe concepts of comparison and contrast respectively and learn to use them in writing 2 Understand the organization of material in the text 3 master the releva ant language points StepOne Comparison and Contrast: Acomparison brings out the similarities between two or more things of the same kind,while a contrast the differences bet er comp them In a comparison and cont is on contrast. Step Two Language study attacking military force On Hitler'sorder,the invasion of Poland began on September 1,1939 2.declaration:formally announcing:a formal announcement(followed byo The pn phundd moreiedehfp tacked the U.S.naval base at Pearl Harbor,Hawaii,n December 7.19 without a declaration of war 3.catch sb.off guard:take sb.by surprise eg:The invitation to his wedding caught me off guard. The manager didn'know what tosy.It was clar that my question had caught him off guard 4.instruct:give orders or directions to(sb.)(used in the pattern:instruct sb.to dosth instruc sb.that:instruct sb.with quote).teach (sb.)(used in the pattern:instruct sb.in/on sth.) eg:The family has instructed solicitorsto sue Thomson for compensation. 5.render:cause (sb./sth.)to be in a specified condition(same as make) eg:Hundreds of people were rendered homeless by the earthquake. The drug will render the tiger harmless for up to two hours 6.casualty:a person who is killed or injured in war or in an accident eg:The precise number of casualties in yesterday's bomb explosion is not known. First reports of the traffic accident tell of more than 50 casualties
（全新版）大学英语综合教程 4 6 时间 教室 Objectives: 1 Know the concepts of comparison and contrast respectively and learn to use them in writing 2 Understand the organization of material in the text 3 Master the relevant language points Step One Comparison and Contrast: A comparison brings out the similarities between two or more things of the same kind, while a contrast the differences between them. In a comparison and contrast essay, you spend more time either comparing or contrasting, depending on your purpose. In the case of this text, the emphasis is on contrast. Step Two Language Study 1. invasion: an entering or being entered by an attacking military force eg: The country remained free from invasion for 60 years. On Hitler’s order, the invasion of Poland began on September 1, 1939. 2. declaration: formally announcing; a formal announcement (followed by of) eg: The opening speeches sounded more like declaration of war than offerings of peace. The Japanese attacked the U.S. naval base at Pearl Harbor, Hawaii, on December 7, 1941 without a declaration of war. 3. catch sb. off guard; take sb. by surprise eg: The invitation to his wedding caught me off guard. The manager didn’t know what to say. It was clear that my question had caught him off guard. 4. instruct: give orders or directions to (sb.) (used in the pattern: instruct sb. to do sth.; instruct sb. that; instruct sb. with quote ); teach (sb.) (used in the pattern: instruct sb. in / on sth.) eg: The family has instructed solicitors to sue Thomson for compensation. The professor instructed us that we had one month to conduct the project. He instructed family members in nursing techniques. 5. render: cause (sb. / sth.) to be in a specified condition ( same as make) eg: Hundreds of people were rendered homeless by the earthquake. The drug will render the tiger harmless for up to two hours. 6. casualty: a person who is killed or injured in war or in an accident eg: The precise number of casualties in yesterday’s bomb explosion is not known. First reports of the traffic accident tell of more than 50 casualties
(全新版)大学英语综合教程4 7.die from/of have as the cause of death egSomeanimalsdiedofsarvationinthesmow All the plants were dying from lack of rain. 8.siege:a military operation in which an army tries to eapture a town,etc by surrounding it and stopping the supply of food,et.to the people inside. e to lift the siege They are hopef lof bringing the siege to a peaceful conclusion The city was under siege for six months. 9.bring to a halt:stop completely g:Air traffic in Poland had been ght toa halt by air Our jourey was brought toa halt by a storm. 10.offensive:aggressive action,attack eg:The Red Army brought its winter offensive to a successful conclusion. InJanuary 1944 the Soviet offensive raised the long siege of Leningrad 11.turn the tide(against):change what looks like defeat into victory (over) eg:The appearance of Joan of Arc turned the tide of war. Soviet victory in Stalingrad turned the tide of the war in Europe. 12.thanks to:because of eg:Thanks to her financial support,the two children in the remote village coud go to schoo Thanks to their tireless efforts,the performance was a great success 13.heroie:having the characteristics of a hero,very brave eg:The lder saved the girl at the os of his own life.His heroic deeds were appreciated by all the peoplein thecommunity. He was famed for hisheroic deeds during the war. 14 region area eg:When examining a large geographic unit,geographers often divided it into smaller regions. In recent years increasing nu ers visited Antaretica the region's majestic scenery and wildlife 15 reckon:count:consider:think eg:The existence of the U.S.isreckoned from the Declaration of Independence. Many people himtobea great basketball playe Looking upat the sun,I reckoned that it must beabout *be reckoned with:be taken into consideration eg:All these problems had to be reckoned with as they arose. She is a woman to be reckoned with
（全新版）大学英语综合教程 4 7 7. die from / of: have as the cause of death eg: Some animals died of starvation in the snow. All the plants were dying from lack of rain. 8. siege: a military operation in which an army tries to capture a town, etc. by surrounding it and stopping the supply of food, etc. to the people inside. eg: We must do everything possible to lift the siege. They are hopeful of bringing the siege to a peaceful conclusion. The city was under siege for six months. 9. bring to a halt: stop completely eg: Air traffic in Poland had been brought to a halt by air traffic controllers’strike. Our journey was brought to a halt by a storm. 10. offensive: aggressive action, attack eg: The Red Army brought its winter offensive to a successful conclusion. In January 1944 the Soviet offensive raised the long siege of Leningrad. 11. turn the tide (against): change what looks like defeat into victory (over) eg: The appearance of Joan of Arc turned the tide of war. Soviet victory in Stalingrad turned the tide of the war in Europe. 12. thanks to: because of eg: Thanks to her financial support, the two children in the remote village could go to school. Thanks to their tireless efforts, the performance was a great success. 13. heroic: having the characteristics of a hero; very brave eg: The soldier saved the girl at the cost of his own life. His heroic deeds were appreciated by all the people in the community. He was famed for his heroic deeds during the war. 14. region: area eg: When examining a large geographic unit, geographers often divided it into smaller regions. In recent years increasing numbers of tourists have visited Antarctica to appreciate the region’s majestic scenery and wildlife. 15. reckon: count; consider; think eg: The existence of the U.S. is reckoned from the Declaration of Independence. Many people reckon him to be a great basketball player. Looking up at the sun, I reckoned that it must be about three o’clock. *be reckoned with: be taken into consideration eg: All these problems had to be reckoned with as they arose. She is a woman to be reckoned with
(全新版)大学英语综合教程4 1.toll:the number rinjured money paid for the use of a bridge or road eg:The toll of road deaths and injuries is on the rise. The local government was allowed to change tolls for the use of the roads. *take its/a toll:cause damage,injuries or deaths (often followed by of/on) The famine tooka toll f00.0lives His hard work has taken its toll on his stomach High wages have taken their toll on the Swedish economy StepThree A Comparison-and-Contrast Analysis of the Two Invasions Invading country France Germany Country invaded Russia Soviet Union Starter of war Napoleon Hitler Starting time of invasion Spring 1812 6/22/1941 Strength of invading force 600.000 The largest land campaign in history Prediction Quick victory,conquest of Blitzkrieg ("lightening war") Russia in 5 weeks lasting no longer than 3 months Initial resistance strategy Refusing to stand and fight scorch the earth",fierce fight retreating eastwards,burning to defend major cities crops and homes Capture of the Russian capital ves no Major battles Smolensk,Borodino, the Leningrad,Stalingrad 3 zina River Truce offer By Napoleon,rejected by the no Czar Biggest enemy for the invading Snow,freezing temperature Heavy rain,"general mud", force temperature Turning point 1812 whe 1943,when the Soviet troop Napoleon ordered a retreat pushed the German forces back Fate of the invading force Only 100 000 survived Heavy loss War-starter's fate Napoleon abdicated and Hitler committed suicide,his went into exile,his empire at empire collapsing an end Assignments: 1Review the vocabulary and thedifficu 2 Home reading:Text B 3 Do the after-text exercises
（全新版）大学英语综合教程 4 8 16. toll: the number of people or animals killed or injured in particular circumstances; money paid for the use of a bridge or road eg: The toll of road deaths and injuries is on the rise. The local government was allowed to change tolls for the use of the roads. *take its / a toll: cause damage, injuries or deaths (often followed by of / on) eg: The famine took a toll of 3,000,000 lives. His hard work has taken its toll on his stomach. High wages have taken their toll on the Swedish economy. Step Three A Comparison-and-Contrast Analysis of the Two Invasions: Invading country France Germany Country invaded Russia Soviet Union Starter of war Napoleon Hitler Starting time of invasion Spring, 1812 6/22/1941 Strength of invading force 600,000 The largest land campaign in history Prediction Quick victory, conquest of Russia in 5 weeks Blitzkrieg (“lightening war”), lasting no longer than 3 months Initial resistance strategy Refusing to stand and fight; retreating eastwards, burning crops and homes “scorch the earth”, fierce fight to defend major cities Capture of the Russian capital yes no Major battles Smolensk, Borodino, the Berezina River Leningrad, Stalingrad Truce offer By Napoleon, rejected by the Czar no Biggest enemy for the invading force Snow, freezing temperature Heavy rain, “general mud”, Snow, freezing temperature Turning point October 1812, when Napoleon ordered a retreat 1943,when the Soviet troops pushed the German forces back Fate of the invading force Only 100,000 survived Heavy loss War-starter’s fate Napoleon abdicated and went into exile, his empire at an end Hitler committed suicide, his empire collapsing Assignments： 1 Review the vocabulary and the difficult sentences. 2 Home reading: Text B 3 Do the after-text exercises
(全新版)大学英语综合教程4 时间 教室 Objectives: 1Translate the given passage 2 Learn to debate in English 3 Practice listening comprehension Step One 1)Check the translation work,emphasizing the important points. 2)Check the after-text exercises. Step Two Debate Man.which is more 1)Ss divide into two groups,one taking the side of creativity first,another taking the side of basic skills first 2)In each group,Ss further divide into smaller groups of three to four,brainstorming arguments/examples/statistics/quotes.in support of their viewpoint,as well as those that torefute theother side. 3)Debate begins,withTacting as moderator. StepThree Check the home-reading Step Four Listening practice Step Five Review what has been learnt in Unitl Assignments: Tasks Ss to prepare for the next unit: 1.do the pre-reading task 2.preview Text A
（全新版）大学英语综合教程 4 9 时间 教室 Objectives: 1 Translate the given passage 2 Learn to debate in English 3 Practice listening comprehension Step One 1) Check the translation work, emphasizing the important points. 2) Check the after-text exercises. Step Two Debate: Man or nature, which is more powerful? 1) Ss divide into two groups, one taking the side of creativity first, another taking the side of basic skills first. 2) In each group, Ss further divide into smaller groups of three to four, brainstorming arguments/examples/statistics/quotes.in support of their viewpoint, as well as those that could be used to refute the other side. 3) Debate begins, with T acting as moderator. Step Three Check the home-reading Step Four Listening practice Step Five Review what has been learnt in Unit1 Assignments: T asks Ss to prepare for the next unit: 1. do the pre-reading task 2. preview Text A
《全新版)大学英语综合教程4 Unit2 Smart Cars 时间 教室 Arous n English as well as 2Encourage students to speak English as much a possible 3 Understand the structure of the passage 4 Master the key language points 5 Get a general idea for expository writing skills Step One Song listening -According to the song,will the world be a better or a worse place in a hundred years'time? (a worse place) According tothe song.what are some of the effects of moder and technology n mar in the future?Do youagree?(thoughts and feelings will be shaped by rugs bodies will wast away,family life will be gone,babies will be born artificially;man may no longer exist) Introduce the theme of the unit by presentations or reports from the Ss and a brief conclusion from the T StepTwo Free writing 1 Ss are given ten minutes to free write,beginning with the sentence:"Even ifI could afford a car, I may not actually want to drive one because." 2 Ss exchange their p as to why they wo erheast thee fellow s noting dow re given by the others 3 T asks several Ss to report to class the reasons for not driving a car given both by him/herself and by others Comments:Some scientists and engineers have come up with the idea of a"smart car".Let's read to find out what this"smart car"can do. Step Three 1 T draw Ss'attention to the Text Organization exercise on Page 43 to know the division of the paragraphs and Ss will fill in the main ideas as the instruction carries on. 2 Ss scan Paras1-3 and be ready to answer the relevant questions in Content Questions exercise mSsmirs to report to the c one kin the above uesionsd providing the answers. 4 Ss are invited to conclude the main idea for the first three paras
（全新版）大学英语综合教程 4 10 Unit2 Smart Cars 时间 教室 Objectives: 1 Arouse students’ interest in English as well as their concentration 2 Encourage students to speak English as much as possible 3 Understand the structure of the passage 4 Master the key language points 5 Get a general idea for expository writing skills. Step One Song listening -According to the song, will the world be a better or a worse place in a hundred years’ time? (a worse place) -According to the song, what are some of the effects of modern science and technology on man in the future? Do you agree? (thoughts and feelings will be shaped by drugs; bodies will waste away; family life will be gone, babies will be born artificially; man may no longer exist) Introduce the theme of the unit by presentations or reports from the Ss and a brief conclusion from the T Step Two Free writing 1 Ss are given ten minutes to free write, beginning with the sentence: “Even if I could afford a car, I may not actually want to drive one because.” 2 Ss exchange their papers with at least three fellow Ss, noting down reasons given by the others as to why they wouldn’t drive a car. 3 T asks several Ss to report to class the reasons for not driving a car given both by him/herself and by others. Comments: Some scientists and engineers have come up with the idea of a “smart car”. Let’s read to find out what this “smart car” can do. Step Three 1 T draw Ss’ attention to the Text Organization exercise on Page 43 to know the division of the paragraphs and Ss will fill in the main ideas as the instruction carries on. 2 Ss scan Para.s1-3 and be ready to answer the relevant questions in Content Questions exercise on Page 42 3 T asks some Ss pairs to report to the class, one asking the above questions and the other providing the answers. 4 Ss are invited to conclude the main idea for the first three para.s