Stereochemistry Stereochemistry refers to the 3-dimensional properties and reactions of molecules.It has its own language and terms that need to be learned in order to fully communicate and understand the concepts. 2013 Pearson Education,Inc
© 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. Stereochemistry Stereochemistry refers to the 3-dimensional properties and reactions of molecules. It has its own language and terms that need to be learned in order to fully communicate and understand the concepts
Definitions 。 Stereoisomers-compounds with the same connectivity,different arrangement in space Enantiomers -stereoisomers that are non- superimposible mirror images;only properties that differ are direction (or-) of optical rotation Diastereomers -stereoisomers that are not mirror images;different compounds with different physical properties 2013 Pearson Education,Inc
© 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. Definitions • Stereoisomers – compounds with the same connectivity, different arrangement in space • Enantiomers – stereoisomers that are nonsuperimposible mirror images; only properties that differ are direction (+ or -) of optical rotation • Diastereomers – stereoisomers that are not mirror images; different compounds with different physical properties
More Definitions Asymmetric center-sp3 carbon with 4 different groups attached Optical activity -the ability to rotate the plane of plane -polarized light Chiral compound-a compound that is optically active (achiral compound will not rotate light) Polarimeter-device that measures the optical rotation of the chiral compound 2013 Pearson Education,Inc
© 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. More Definitions • Asymmetric center – sp3 carbon with 4 different groups attached • Optical activity – the ability to rotate the plane of plane –polarized light • Chiral compound – a compound that is optically active (achiral compound will not rotate light) • Polarimeter – device that measures the optical rotation of the chiral compound
Chirality right hand left hand ·“Handedness”:Right-hand glove does not fit the left hand. An object is chiral if its mirror image is different from the original object. 2013 Pearson Education,Inc. Chapter 5 4
© 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. Chirality • “Handedness”: Right-hand glove does not fit the left hand. • An object is chiral if its mirror image is different from the original object. Chapter 5 4
Achiral Mirror images that can be superposed are achiral(not chiral) 2013 Pearson Education,Inc. Chapter 5 5
© 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. Achiral • Mirror images that can be superposed are achiral (not chiral). Chapter 5 5