2.1碳氢化合物的分类与命名 2.13通式与不饱和度(环的数目) Saturated Hydrocarbons: CnH2n+2 For a formula: CH Degree of unsaturated=(2n+2-m)/2 If it is a cycloalkane, the degree of unsaturated equals to the number of ring
2.1 碳氢化合物的分类与命名 ◼ 2.1.3 通式与不饱和度（环的数目） ◼ Saturated Hydrocarbons: CnH2n+2 ◼ For a formula: CnHm ◼ Degree of unsaturated= (2n+2-m)/2 ◼ ◼ If it is a cycloalkane, the degree of unsaturated equals to the number of ring
2.1.4 Nomenclature Common Name and systematic Name CH 4 CHaCH 3 CH3CH2CH ■ Methane Ethane Propane CHa CH,CH,CHCH CHCH CH3 C. N n-butane isobutane ■S.N Butane 2-methylpropane
2.1.4 Nomenclature ◼ Common Name and Systematic Name ◼ CH4 CH3CH3 CH3CH2CH3 ◼ Methane Ethane Propane ◼ CH3CH2CH2CH3 CH3CHCH3 ◼ CH3 ◼ C. N. n-butane isobutane ◼ S. N. Butane 2-methylpropane
2.1.4 Nomenclature CH CHCH,CH,CH Pentane CH3CHCH2CH3 isopentane, 2-methylbutane CH CH3 CH3CCH3 neopentane, 2, 2-dimethylpropane CH3
2.1.4 Nomenclature ◼ CH3CH2CH2CH2CH3 Pentane ◼ CH3CHCH2CH3 isopentane, 2-methylbutane ◼ CH3 ◼ CH3 ◼ CH3CCH3 neopentane, 2,2-dimethylpropane ◼ CH3
2.1.4 Nomenclature CH CH,,..CH hexane CH3CHCH2 CH2CH3 isohexane, 2-methylpentane CH 3 CH 3 CH3CCH2 CH3 neohexane, 2, 2-dimethylbutane CH3
2.1.4 Nomenclature ◼ CH3CH2CH2CH2CH2CH3 hexane ◼ CH3CHCH2CH2CH3 isohexane, 2-methylpentane ◼ CH3 ◼ CH3 ◼ CH3CCH2 CH3 neohexane, 2,2-dimethylbutane ◼ CH3
2.1.4 Nomenclature CH3CH2CHCH2CH3 none 3-methylpentane CH CH3CH-CHCH3 none 2, 3-dimethylbutane CHCH ■ Alkyl Group R-( (replacing“ ane with yl primary, secondary, tertiary, quaternary C, but only primary, secondary, tertiary H see our text
2.1.4 Nomenclature ◼ CH3CH2CHCH2CH3 none 3-methylpentane ◼ CH3 ◼ CH3CH-CHCH3 none 2,3-dimethylbutane ◼ CH3 CH3 ◼ Alkyl Group R- (replacing “ane” with “yl”) ◼ primary, secondary, tertiary, quaternary C, but only primary, secondary, tertiary H ◼ ( see our text )