CCH HOT HO H Br Br H synthesized by the sea hare synthesized by red algae
Chapter 4 Alkyl Halides R-X (X:CI,Br,I) Classification Naming: 1°RCH2-X 饱和卤烃RCHX 2°RCH-X 脂肪卤烃 3°R,C-X 不饱和卤烃 R-CH=CH-X(vinyl) R-CH=CH-CH,X(allyl) 芳香卤烃
Chapter 4 Alkyl Halides R - X (X: Cl, Br, I) 一. Classification & Naming: 脂肪卤烃 芳香卤烃 饱和卤烃 RCH2X 2°R2CH-X 3°R3C-X 不饱和卤烃 R-CH=CH-X (vinyl) R-CH=CH-CH2X (allyl) X 1°RCH2 - X
Methyl chloride CH;CI Chloro-methane Vinyl chloride CH-CHCI Chloro-ethene CH2CI Phenyl bromide Br Bromo-benzene Benzyl chloride CH:-CHCI-CH-CH3 3-Chloro-2-methyl butane CH3
CH3Cl Methyl chloride Chloro-methane CH2=CHCl Vinyl chloride Chloro-ethene Br Phenyl bromide Bromo-benzene CH3-CHCl-CH-CH3 CH3 3-Chloro-2-methyl butane CH2Cl Benzyl chloride
CH,-CHBr-CH=CH-CH; 4-Bromo-2-pentene 俗名 CHCI3 氯仿 chloroform CHI3 碘仿 iodoform 卤代烷的活性： xc=6-6-x,RCH=x>Rx >>c=d-x 与SP3碳相连的卤素 --x 与SP2碳相连的卤素 >c=c-x
CH3-CHBr-CH=CH-CH3 4-Bromo-2-pentene 俗名: CHCl3 氯仿 chloroform CHI3 碘仿 iodoform 卤代烷的活性： C C C X R CH2 X , > RX > C C X 与SP3碳相连的卤素 C X 与SP2碳相连的卤素 C C X
二.Structure: t 8 R-CH-CH2→CI C-X极性共价键 SN- E. :Nu 诱导效应：+--给电子 -吸电子
二. Structure： δ+ δ- R – CH – CH2 C - X极性共价键 H :Nu- δ+ SN. E. Cl 诱导效应：+I-----给电子 -I------吸电子