Antiviral drugs 沈阳药科大学药物化学 教研室
Antiviral Drugs 沈阳药科大学药物化学 教研室
VIRUSES: Overview Viruses are obligate intracellular parasites, which massively multiply by diverting or"hijacking the host cell biosynthetic machinery Viruses were first defined as filterable infectious agents based on their small size and ability to cause disease (In 1892, Dr Iwanowski reported that filtered extracts of tobacco leaves with mosaic disease could still infect other plants) Viruses can range from the very small 20 nm to the near bacterial-200 200X 250 nm for the pox viruses such as vaccinia, first described by light microscopy by Dr. Buist in 1887 All classes of living organisms studied to date are the host to VIruses
VIRUSES: Overview • Viruses are obligate intracellular parasites, which massively multiply by diverting or “hijacking” the host cell biosynthetic machinery. • Viruses were first defined as filterable infectious agents, based on their small size and ability to cause disease (In 1892, Dr. Iwanowski reported that filtered extracts of tobacco leaves with mosaic disease could still infect other plants). • Viruses can range from the very small ~ 20 nm to the near bacterial – 200×200×250 nm for the pox viruses such as vaccinia, first described by light microscopy by Dr. Buist in 1887. • All classes of living organisms studied to date are the host to viruses
VIRUSES: Overview Viruses can have their own satellite viruses which borrow proteins crucial for their multiplication from the host virus, e. g Hepatitis delta virus, which causes serious liver disease in humans already infected with Hepatitis B virus Viruses alone have very little capacity to produce anything-in the absence of the host they are usually entirely dormant(under some conditions are able to make small amounts of nucleic acio Viruses differ from bacteria and fungi, which are usually capable of growth in the absence of host cells of other species
VIRUSES: Overview • Viruses can have their own satellite viruses, which borrow proteins crucial for their multiplication from the “host” virus, e.g. Hepatitis delta virus, which causes serious liver disease in humans already infected with Hepatitis B virus. • Viruses alone have very little capacity to produce anything – in the absence of the host they are usually entirely dormant (under some conditions are able to make small amounts of nucleic acid). • Viruses differ from bacteria and fungi, which are usually capable of growth in the absence of host cells of other species
The virus life cycle the process is initiated by binding of the virus to its particular cellular receptor The next step involves the delivery of the viral genome into the cell The method of delivery as a sophisticated" molecular hypodermic syringe"(bacteriophage of E co or a molecular bomb"-goes off when the package is the appropriate host compartment
The virus life cycle • the process is initiated by binding of the virus to its particular cellular receptor. • The next step involves the delivery of the viral genome into the cell • The method of delivery as a sophisticated “molecular hypodermic syringe” (bacteriophage of E. coli) or a “molecular bomb” – goes off when the package is the appropriate host compartment
The virus life cycle Initiation phase 1. Attachment 2. Penetration 3. Uncoating Replication phase 4. Gene expression 5. Genome replication Release phase 6. Assembly 7. Maturation 8. Release
The virus life cycle • Initiation phase • 1. Attachment • 2. Penetration • 3. Uncoating • Replication phase • 4. Gene expression • 5. Genome replication • Release phase • 6. Assembly • 7. Maturation • 8. Release