试卷代号：2157 中央广播电视大学2011一2012学年度第二学期“开放专科”期末考试 英语阅读(3)试题 2012年7月 注意事项 一、将你的学号、姓名及分校（工作站）名称填写在答题纸的规定栏 内。考试结束后，把试卷和答题纸放在桌上。试卷和答题纸均不得带 出考场。 二、仔细阅读每题的说明，并按题目要求答题。答案必须写在答题 纸的指定位置上，写在试卷上无效。 三、用蓝、黑圆珠笔或钢笔答题，使用铅笔答题无效。 918
试卷代号 5 7 中央广播电视大学 0 11 2012 度第 学期 放专 末考试 英语阅读( 3)试题 2012 年7 注意事项 、将你的学号、姓名及分校(工作站)名称填写在答题纸的规定栏 内。考试结束后，把试卷和答题纸放在桌上。试卷和答题纸均不得带 出考场。 二、仔细阅读每题的说明，并按题目要求答题。答案必须写在答题 纸的指定位直上，写在试卷上无效。 三、用蓝、黑圆珠笔或钢笔答题 9使用铅笔答题无效。 918
Part I Read Passage 1 and decide the meaning of the following words with the help of the context.The paragraph in which the word appears is indicated in brackets.Write A,B,or C on your answer sheet.(30 points,3 points each) Passage 1 Communication and Gender in Business 1 According to popular American linguist,Deborah Tannen,communication habits vary depending on individual personality,culture,and among other factors,gender.Since male ways of communicating are standard in business,women's ways of talking are often ignored or misunderstood in the workplace.Tannen emphasizes that female and male styles are both valid.Here are some of Tannen's main points. 2 Conversational styles in boys and girls show up early.Even 5-year-old boys care about their rank in the group,while 5-year-old girls care more about being in or out of the group.Therefore,men's conversational styles often use competition,while women try to keep the appearance of equality. 3 Women tend to apologize more than men,as an attempt to restore the power balance in conversation.When men simply accept the apology rather than part of the responsibility, women feel unjustly blamed. 4 Western women favor indirect ways of speaking,which is interpreted by Western men as showing insecurity and lack of confidence.However,this gender difference is also a cultural difference:Japanese business culture demands indirectness,and the direct approach used by western businessmen is often seen as rude by the Japanese. 5 In business,women are often blamed if they "talk like a woman"(soft,indirect, cautious),but are also blamed if they "talk like a man"(bossy,aggressive). 6 We have strong negative images of women in authority:Wicked Witch and Mother, so women bosses are judged not as bosses but as women. 7 Gender differences show most strongly not in individuals but in group settings.In a group of men and women,women tend to become silent bystanders,while men are active participants. 919
Part I Read Passage 1 and decide the meaning of the following words with the help of the context. The paragraph in which the word appears is indicated in brackets. Write A , B , or C on your answer sheet. (30 points, 3 points each) Passage 1 Communication and Gender in Business 1 According to popular American linguist , Deborah Tannen , communication habits vary depending on individual personality , culture , and among other factors , gender. Since male ways of communicating are standard in business, women' s ways of talking are often ignored or misunderstood in the workplace. Tannen emphasizes that female and male styles are both valid. Here are some of Tannen' s main points. 2 Conversational styles in boys and girls show up early. Even 5-year-old boys care about their rank in the group , while 5-year-old girls care more about being in or out of the group. Therefore , men' s conversational styles often use competition , while women try to keep the appearance of equality. 3 Women tend to apologize more than men , as an attempt to restore the power balance in conversation. When men simply accept the apology rather than part of the responsibility , women feel unjustly blamed. 4 Western women favor indirect ways of speaking , which is interpreted by Western men as showing insecurity and lack of confidence. However, this gender difference is also a cultural dL1ferencezJapanese business culturE demands IMIrectneSS ,and th direct approach used by western businessmen is often seen as rude by the Japanese. 5 In business, women are often blamed if they" talk like a woman" (soft , indirect , cautious) , but are also blamed if they "talk like a man" (bossy , aggressive). 6 We have strong negative images of women in authority: Wicked Witch and Mother, so women bosses are judged not as bosses but as women. 7 Gender differences show most strongly not in individuals but in group settings. In a group of men and women , women tend to become silent bystanders, while men are active partIcIpants. 919
8 Males and females in Western culture speak different body languages.Men often spread out their limbs,taking up a lot of space,gesture widely,speak in loud tones,and engage in direct eye contact.These behaviors communicate power and high status.Women hold in their limbs,take up little space,make small gestures,speak in soft voices,and lower their eyes frequently.These behaviors give away power and announce low status. 9 Males interrupt females much more than they interrupt other males,and more often than females interrupt either mates or females. 10 Research has shown that there is nothing "natural"about male or female language, but that these gender habits simply show the stereotyped role in which society puts men and women. Questions 1-10 are based on Passage 1. 1.vary (paragraph 1) A.are similar B.are different C.are universal 2.valid (paragraph 1) A.acceptable B.foolish C.different 3.show up (paragraph 2) A.change B.are the same C.appear 4.restore (paragraph 3) A.overpower B.revenge C.bring back to the original position 5.unjustly (paragraph 3) A.unfairly B.unknownly C.uniquely 6.interpreted (paragraph 4) A.translated B.understood C.repeated 920
8 Males and females in Western culture speak different body languages. Men often spread out their limbs, taking up a lot of space , gesture widely , speak in loud tones, and engage in direct eye contact. These behaviors communicate power and high status. Women hold in their limbs, take up little space , make small gestures, speak in soft voices , and lower their eyes frequently. These behaviors give away power and announce low status. 9 Males interrupt females much more than they interrupt other males, and more often than females interrupt either mates or females. 10 Research has shown that there is nothing "natural" about male or female language , but that these gender habits simply show the stereotyped role in which society puts men and women. Questions 1-10 are based on Passage 1. 1. vary (paragraph 1) A. are similar C. are universal 2. valid (paragraph 1) A. acceptable C. different 3. show up (paragraph 2) A. change C. appear 4.reshre (paragraph 3) A. oyerpower C. bring back to the original position 5. unjustly (paragraph 3) A. unfairly C. uniquely 6. interpreted (paragraph 4) A. translated C. repeated • 920 B. are different B. foolish B. are the same B. revenge B. unknownly B. understood
7.aggressive (paragraph 5) A.unwilling to agree with others B.easy to get along with C.ready to attack others 8.bystanders (paragraph 7) A.outsiders B.onlookers((旁观者) C.participants 9.limbs (paragraph 8) A.arms and legs B.newspapers C.ideas 10.interrupt (paragraph 9) A.push B.apologize to C.cut into the conversation PartⅡ Read Passage 2 and choose either A,B or C to complete each of the following statements.Write A,B or C on your answer sheet.(30 points,3 points each) Passage 2 Data On Ocean Floors 1 At the water's edge of Baltimore Harbor,two freshly painted gray ships await to be sent out on their next mission.These are the workhorses of the Information Revolution.They are wiring the world to meet the explosive and seemingly limitless demand for Internet,voice and video services,projected to be a $1 trillion-a-year global market by 2000.The two ships,C.S.Global Link and its companion the C.S.Global Mariner,are among the most technologically advanced vessels in the business of laying undersea fiber-optic communications cables.They are part of a worldwide fleet,owned by Tyco International Ltd.,that has installed more transoceanic fiber than any other company. 2 Most of the world's telephone and Internet traffic courses through these hair-thin capillaries of glass,which stretch from one continent to another along the ocean floor.In constant pulses of light,coded in the computer language of ones and zeros,they flash 921
7. aggressive (paragraph 5) A. unwilling to agree with others C. ready to attack others 8. bystanders (paragraph 7) A. outsiders C. participants 9. limbs (paragraph 8) A. arms and legs C. ideas 10. interrupt (paragraph 9) A. push B. apologize to C. cut into the conversation Part II B. easy to get along with B. onlookers( 旁观者 B. newspapers Read Passage 2 and choose either A, B or C to complete each of the following statements. Write A, B or C on your answer sheet. (30 points, 3 points each) Passage 2 Data On Ocean Floors 1 At the water's edge of Baltimore Harbor, two freshly painted gray ships await to be sent out on their next mission. These are the workhorses of the Information Revolutio良They are wiring the world to meet the explosive and seemingly limitless demand for Internet , voice and video services, projected to be a $ 1 trillion-a-year global market by 2000. The two ships, C. S. Global Link and its companion the C. S. Global Mariner, are among the most technologically advanc~d vessels in the business of laying undersea fiber-optic communications cables. They are part of a worldwide fleet , owned by Tyco International Ltd. , that has installed more transoceanic fiber thanany other company. 2 Most of the world' s telephone and Internet traffic courses through these hair-thin capillaries of glass, which stretch from one continent to another along the ocean floor. In Constant pulses of light , coded in the computer language of ones and zeros, they flash 921
millions of phone calls,electronic mail messages,video clips and World Wide Web pages at light speed. 3 Undersea fiber-optic cables have become one of the most crucial components of today's communications-based global economy,despite mid-1960s predictions that satellites would make earthbound long-distance communications obsolete. 4 "Most people really do not realize the amount of telephone cables that are undersea, and that their calls actually go through them,"said Rob Jones,captain of the C.S.Global Link.There are 228,958 miles (368,472 kilometers)of fiber-optic cable on the floors of the world's sea,enough to encircle Earth almost 10 times,according to KMI Corp.of Rhode Island.Another 177,717 miles of cable are planned for installation worldwide by 2000,KMI estimates. 5 That figure does not count the most ambitious program,Project Oxygen,which backers describe as a $14 billion "Super Internet"that would pay out 198,844 miles of mainly undersea fiber-optic cable touching 175 countries.Oxygen already has the backing of 30 international tele-communications providers and is scheduled for completion in 2003.Project Oxygen is "the most ambitious project of communications in the 20th century, said President John Kestrel of KMI.The internet is a major driver of the expansion.The second driver is the need for video transmissions. 6 Global deregulation of telecommunications markets is also playing a key role in the subsea fiber boom.Phone companies around the world are rapidly going private and governments are opening their markets to competition.Chinese officials,for example, cleverly played 14 competitors off each other in bids to build the first link between China and the United States-and then ultimately told them all to share the 1 billion contract. 7 Phrases such as“quantum leap”and“orders of magnitude”frequently come up in discussions about advances in undersea fiber optics.In 1998,when glass fibers began to replace copper in telecommunications,people stopped talking in terms of hundreds of simultaneous phone calls per cable and started talking about tens of thousands.Scientists at companies such as Ciena Corp.of Maryland have more than quadrupled fiber-cable capacity by using lasers to split light into colors,sending data through each path in a process called 922
millions of phone calls, electronic mail messages, video clips and World Wide Web pages at light speed. 3 Undersea fiber-optic cables have become one of the most crucial components of today' s communications-based global economy , despite mid-1960s predictions that satellites would make earthbound long-distance communications obsolete. 4 "Most people really do not realize the amount of telephone cables that are undersea , and that their calls actually go through them ," said Rob Jones, captain of the C. S. Global Link. There are 228 ,958 miles (368 ,472 kilometers) of fiber-optic cable on the floors of the world' s sea , enough to encircle Earth almost 10 times, according to KMI Corp. of Rhode Island. Another 177 , 717 miles of cable are planned for installation worldwide by 2000 , KMI estImates. 5 That figure does not count the most ambitious program , Project Oxygen , which backers describe as a $ 14 billion "Super Internet" that would payout 198 , 844 miles of mainly undersea fiber-optic cable touching 175 countries. Oxygen already has the backing of 30 international tele-communications providers and is scheduled for completion in 2003. Project Oxygen is "the most ambitious project of communications in the 20th century ," said President John Kestrel of KMI. The internet is a major driver of the expansion. The second driver is the need for video transmissions. 6 Global deregulation of telecommunicati~ns markets is also playing a key role in the subsea fiber boom. Phone companies around the world are rapidly going private and govmmks are opening their markets to competition.Chinese officials,for example , cleverly played 14 competitors off each other in bids to build the first link between China and the United States - and then ultimately told them all to share the $ 1 billion contract. 7 Phrases such as "quantum leap" and "orders of magnitude" frequently come up in discussions about advances in undersea fiber optics. In 1998 , when glass fibers began to replace copper in telecommunications , people stopped talking in terms of hundreds of simultaneous phone callsper cable and started talking about tens of thousands. Scientists at companies such as Ciena Corp. of Maryland have more than quadrupled fiber-cable capacity by using lasers to split light into colors, sending data through each path in a process called • 922