十二)状语从句(Adverbial Clause) Adverbial clauses are those that perform the function of adverbial in a complex sentence. Semantically,this kind of clause can be subdivided into adverbial clauses of time,place. manner,cause,result,purpose,condition,and concession,eg: Whenever/met with any difficulty,he came to my help. Where there is a will,there is a way. You must do the exercise as show you. As there was no answer,I wrote again. He had overslept,so that he was late for work. 21
21 十二) 状语从句(Adverbial Clause) ◼ Adverbial clauses are those that perform the function of adverbial in a complex sentence. Semantically, this kind of clause can be subdivided into adverbial clauses of time, place, manner, cause, result, purpose, condition, and concession, eg: Whenever I met with any difficulty, he came to my help. Where there is a will, there is a way. You must do the exercise as I show you. As there was no answer, I wrote again. He had overslept, so that he was late for work
They climbed to the top of the building in order that they could get a bird's eye view of the city. In case it rains,we won't be able to go there on foot. I shouldn't have time to see him,even if he were here. )引导状语从句的连词 用法 连 词 When(当..时候)，while(当.时候)，as(当.时候)， til(=unti)(一直到..为止)，whenever(无论何时)，since(自从.. 来)，after(..之后)，before(..之前)，by the time(that)(到了. 表 时候)，not long before(or when)(..不久，就..) hardly...when (or before)=scarcely...when(or before) =no sooner...than (（一.就) 间 as soon as=directly(when)=immediately(when or after) the moment(that)=the instant(that) the minute(that) (就) 22
22 They climbed to the top of the building in order that they could get a bird’s eye view of the city. In case it rains, we won’t be able to go there on foot. I shouldn’t have time to see him, even if he were here. ➢ 1) 引导状语从句的连词 用法 连 词 1 表 示 时 间 When(当…时候)，while(当…时候), as (当…时候), till(=until)(一直到…为止), whenever(无论何时), since(自从… 一来), after(…之后), before(…之前), by the time (that)(到了… 时候…), not long before（or when)(…不久，就…) hardly…when (or before)=scarcely…when (or before) =no sooner…than (一…就) as soon as = directly (when) =immediately (when or after) = the moment (that) =the instant (that) = the minute (that) (一…就)
用法 连 词 if(如果；假如)，unless(除非；如果不)，as(orso)long 2 表示 as(只要)，in case(假如)，if only(只要)，on condition (that)(只要；假如) 条件 suppose(that)=supposing(that) =if(假如) provided(that)=providing(that) 3 表示 so...that 结果 如此..以至于 such...that ①表示“肯定目的” that so that .may(might))(为了.：以便.) in order that 4 表示 目的 ②表示“否定目的” lest for fear(that) .should(以免：唯恐；为了不) in case
23 用法 连 词 2 表示 条件 if(如果；假如)，unless(除非；如果不), as (or so) long as(只要)，in case(假如)， if only (只要)， on condition (that) (只要；假如） suppose (that)= supposing (that) = provided (that)= providing (that) 3 表示 结果 so…that such…that 如此…以至于 4 表示 目的 ①表示“肯定目的” that so that in order that …may (might) (为了…；以便…) ②表示“否定目的” lest for fear (that) in case …should (以免；唯恐；为了不） = if (假如)
as(因为)，because(因为) 表示原 now(that) 5 =seeing(that) =considering(that) (因为；既然) =since 6 表示 对比 while(而)，whereas(而) If(虽然，即使)，whether..or(无论) 表 notwithstanding(that(虽然)，(a)though(虽然)，as(虽 不 然)，for all(that)(尽管如此) even though 步 even if (即使；虽然) no matter~=~ever(无论)
24 5 表 示 原 因 as(因为)，because (因为) now(that) =seeing(that) =considering(that) =since (因为；既然) 6 表示 对比 while (而), whereas (而) 7 表 示 让 步 If(虽然，即使), whether…or(无论), notwithstanding(that)(虽然), (al)though (虽然), as (虽 然), for all(that) (尽管如此) even though even if (即使；虽然) no matter ~ = ~ ever (无论)
Where(在.地方；到.地方)，wherever(任何 表示 8 地方 地方)，everywhere(that)(无论什么地方) anywhere(that)(无论.地方) as(just)as..so(像.那样；犹如) 表示 9 asif(仁as though)(好像；宛如) 方式 according as(依照) 表示 than(比.更.)，the.the.(越.越.) 10 比较 as.as(像..一样) not so(oras).as(不像..那样) 3
25 8 表示 地方 Where(在…地方；到…地方）, wherever（任何 地方）, everywhere(that) (无论什么地方）, anywhere（that) (无论…地方） 9 表示 方式 as (just)as…so （像…那样；犹如） as if (= as though) （好像；宛如） according as （依照） 10 表示 比较 than (比…更…）， the…the…(越…越…) as…as (像…一样) not so (or as) … as (不像…那样)