Chapter Three Lexicon Morphology I Lexicon 1. The ellings orlexicoh a In its most general sense, lexicon is synonymous with vocabulary, denoting the system formed by the total sum of all the words and word equivalents that a given language possesses. a In its technical sense lexicon is is synonymous with lexicology, which is a branch of linguistics dealing with the vocabulary of a language and the properties of words as the main units of language in other words, it deals with the analysis and creation of words idioms and collocations
Chapter Three Lexicon & Morphology I Lexicon 1.The meanings of lexicon In its most general sense, lexicon is synonymous with vocabulary, denoting the system formed by the total sum of all the words and word equivalents that a given language possesses. In its technical sense, lexicon is synonymous with lexicology, which is a branch of linguistics dealing with the vocabulary of a language and the properties of words as the main units of language; in other words, it deals with the analysis and creation of words, idioms and collocations
Chapter Three Lexicon morphology 2. Word 2. 1 Defining "word(76-78) d A word is a unit of expression which has universal intuitive recognition by native speakers, whether it is expressed in spoken or written fonn Three main senses of f are usually distinguished (though terminology varies a physically definable unit: a word is a series of sound segments or letters between two pauses or blank,(形体可定义的单元)
Chapter Three Lexicon & Morphology 2. Word 2.1 Defining “word” (76-78) A word is a unit of expression which has universal intuitive recognition by native speakers, whether it is expressed in spoken or written fonn. Three main senses of “word” are usually distinguished (though terminology varies): A physically definable unit: a word is a series of sound segments or letters between two pauses or blanks. (形体可定义的单元)
Chapter Three Lexicon morphology (2)The common factor underlying a set of forms: a word is th he common factor underlying the set of forms which are plainly variants of the same unit. such as walk. walks walking, walked. The underlying unit is often referred to as a lexeme, which is a unit of vocabulary, an item listed in a dictionary (a lexical item.(隐含于一组词形中的共同因素)
(2) The common factor underlying a set of forms: a word is the common factor underlying the set of forms which are plainly variants of the same unit, such as walk, walks, walking, walked. The underlying unit is often referred to as a lexeme, which is a unit of vocabulary, an item listed in a dictionary (a lexical item).（隐含于一组词形中的共同因素) Chapter Three Lexicon & Morphology
Chapter Three Lexicon Morphology 3 )A grammatical unit (78): word is a comparably abstract unit to be set up to show how words work in the grammar of a language. In terms of lexicogrammar, word is a level between morpheme and word group in the hierarchy of grammatical units, which rises from morpheme at the bottom up to the sentence at the top In this sense, a word is a grammatical unit, of the same theoretical kind as morpheme and sentence.(一个语法单位)
Chapter Three Lexicon & Morphology (3) A grammatical unit (78): word is a comparably abstract unit to be set up to show how words work in the grammar of a language. In terms of lexicogrammar, word is a level between morpheme and word group in the hierarchy of grammatical units, which rises from morpheme at the bottom up to the sentence at the top. In this sense, a word is a grammatical unit, of the same theoretical kind as morpheme and sentence.(一个语法单位)
Chapter Three Lexicon Morphology 2.2 The identification of words(78-79) a Besides the three senses of word" mentioned above there are other factors which help us to identify words. (1) Stability(稳定性): words are the most stable of all linguistic units, in respect of their internal structure 2) Relative uninterruptibility(相对的不可隔断性) new elements are not to be inserted into a word even when there are several parts in the word. (i. e. outlaws, touch- me-not) (3 )Aminimum free form: a word is the smallest unit which can constitute, by itself, a complete utterance
Chapter Three Lexicon & Morphology 2.2 The identification of words (78-79) Besides the three senses of “word” mentioned above, there are other factors which help us to identify words. (1) Stability(稳定性): words are the most stable of all linguistic units, in respect of their internal structure. (2) Relative uninterruptibility(相对的不可隔断性): new elements are not to be inserted into a word even when there are several parts in the word. (i.e. outlaws, touchme-not) (3) A minimum free form: a word is the smallest unit which can constitute, by itself, a complete utterance