Developing a Comprehensive VET System The australian Experience 开发一个全面的职教培训体系 澳大利亚的体验 By Paul Byrne, VET Reform Advisor to the Australia China( Chongqing) VET Project (ACCVETP)and former CEO Australian National Training Authority 中国-澳大利亚(重庆)职业教育与培训项目职教改革专家、 澳大利亚国家培训总署前任首席执行官保罗拜恩先生 Australia embarked on a major VEt reform journey in the late 80s of last century as a result of a recession brought about by a large decline in the value of the trad itional natural resources and primary production export base and the subsequent need to restructure Australian industry towards higher value added manufacturing and service industries The VET system had previously been focused on a few trad itional trades and industries, was isolated from enterprises and was fragmented across Australia as each of the eight states operated a completely independent VETsystem, mainly through state owned TAFE colleges National industry organisations and the Australian Council of Trade unions urged national action to reform the VEt system and restructure industrial awards and Agreements to reward workers for gaining and using new skills The development of world-class skills for Australia's existing and emerging workforce was. for the first time centre stage By 1990 the national government had decided to act definitively and began a reform that continues today
1 Developing a Comprehensive VET System The Australian Experience 开发一个全面的职教培训体系 澳大利亚的体验 By Paul Byrne, VET Reform Advisor to the Australia China (Chongqing) VET Project (ACCVETP) and former CEO Australian National Training Authority 中国-澳大利亚（重庆）职业教育与培训项目职教改革专家、 澳大利亚国家培训总署前任首席执行官保罗.拜恩先生 Australia embarked on a major VET reform journey in the late 80’s of last century as a result of a recession brought about by a large decline in the value of the traditional natural resources and primary production export base and the subsequent need to restructure Australian industry towards higher value added manufacturing and service industries. The VET system had previously been focused on a few traditional trades and industries, was isolated from enterprises and was fragmented across Australia as each of the eight states operated a completely independent VET system, mainly through state owned TAFE colleges. National industry organisations and the Australian Council of Trade unions urged national action to reform the VET system and restructure industrial Awards and Agreements to reward workers for gaining and using new skills. The development of world-class skills for Australia’s existing and emerging workforce was, for the first time, centre stage. By 1990 the national government had decided to act definitively and began a reform that continues today
The national government challenged the state's constitutional authority over education by proposing that they cooperate in a national vet system with industry playing a leading role. After much argument and the promise of substantial add itional national government funding for Vet delivery, the states agreed and the australian National Training Authority was created and became operational in 1993 Over the anta period from 1993 to 2005 VET was transformed into a strong national system with two hallmarks: national operation and industry leadership. Post ANTA these two principles continue to be fund amental The Australian System Before Reform 改革前的澳大利亚职业教育体制 Before the VET reforms our system was made up of 8 state-based systems that lacked consistency 职业教育改革前我们的教育体制缺乏统 性,是由八个州各自的教育体制组成的 It was supply-driven rather than based on expected industry needs 它过去是以供给为导向的而不是以行业需求 为导向的 Training provided within industry was not officially recognised 行业提供的培训没有得到官方的认可
2 The national government challenged the state’s constitutional authority over education by proposing that they cooperate in a national VET system with industry playing a leading role. After much argument, and the promise of substantial additional national government funding for VET delivery, the states agreed and the Australian National Training Authority was created and became operational in 1993. Over the ANTA period from 1993 to 2005 VET was transformed into a strong national system with two hallmarks: national operation and industry leadership. Post ANTA these two principles continue to be fundamental. 3 The Australian System Before Reform 改革前的澳大利亚职业教育体制 • Before the VET reforms our system was made up of 8 state-based systems that lacked consistency 职业教育改革前我们的教育体制缺乏统一 性，是由八个州各自的教育体制组成的 . • It was supply-driven rather than based on expected industry needs 它过去是以供给为导向的而不是以行业需求 为导向的 • Training provided within industry was not officially recognised 行业提供的培训没有得到官方的认可
Australian vet reforms 澳大利亚职业教育与培训改革 Established a national system coordinated by the Australian National Training Authority(ANTA) 建立了由澳大利亚国家培训总署协调的国家体系。 Industry representatives on Board of ANTA 行业的代表担当澳大利亚国家培训总署理事会成员 Industry consultative bodies at national and state levels provide advice on changing skills and hanging level of demand for skills 国家和州层面的行业咨询机构负责为不断变化和提高 的技能需求提供建议 Provide equal status to training provided on the job 为各职业提供同等的培训 Over a five-year period a national training framework was developed and refined. Now called a national skills framework to reflect its outcomes orientation, the national framework puts into practice the principles of an industry led and national system through the three pillars of an Australian Qualifications Framework, a quality framework and packages of industry defined competency standards
3 2 Australian VET Reforms 澳大利亚职业教育与培训改革 • Established a national system coordinated by the Australian National Training Authority (ANTA) 建立了由澳大利亚国家培训总署协调的国家体系。 • Industry representatives on Board of ANTA 行业的代表担当澳大利亚国家培训总署理事会成员。 • Industry consultative bodies at national and state levels provide advice on changing skills and changing level of demand for skills 国家和州层面的行业咨询机构负责为不断变化和提高 的技能需求提供建议。 • Provide equal status to training provided on the job 为各职业提供同等的培训 Over a five-year period a national training framework was developed and refined. Now called a national skills framework to reflect its outcomes orientation, the national framework puts into practice the principles of an industry led and national system through the three pillars of an Australian Qualifications Framework, a quality framework and packages of industry defined competency standards
National Training Framework 国家培训框架 Australian National Training Framework 澳大利亚国家培训框架 Australian Quality Training Package Training Framework (Competency Standards 澳大利亚质量培训框架 培训包(能力标准) Australia Qualification Framework 澳大利亚资格认证框架 The Australian Qualifications Framework links all the post-compulsory sectors of education and provides broad descriptors of the level of each qualification Australian Qualifications Framework 澳大利亚资格框架[wtm Certificates and Diplomas Universities综合性大学 职教科生证书和 doctoral Degree博士学位 Framework 文耗 Vocatio asters Degreet士学位 EducationE业教育 Graduate Diploma 研究生文凭 Advanced Diploma Bachelor Degree学士学位 Schools学校 高级专科文凭 Assodate Degree/Advanced Diploma制学位高敏专码女y CertificaⅣ圆级正书 CertificatⅢ三级证书 Certficate二额减书 CertificateⅡ二级证书 Certificate I鬟证书 Certificate h猴书 Education数窅高级证书
4 6 Australian National Training Framework 澳大利亚国家培训框架 National Training Framework 国家培训框架 Australian Quality Training Framework 澳大利亚质量培训框架 Training Packages (Competency Standards) 培训包（能力标准） Australian Qualification Framework 澳大利亚资格认证框架 The Australian Qualifications Framework links all the post –compulsory sectors of education and provides broad descriptors of the level of each qualification
Competency standards, developed by each industry sector and packaged into qualifications within the Australian Qualification Framework, form the second pillar of the australian skills framework. These industry products are called"Training Packages and must be endorsed by the national quality body before use 澳大利亚技能框架的第二个支柱由能力标准构成。这些能力标准由各行业领域开发 并打包进入澳大利亚该框架下的资格。这些行业产品被称为“培训包”。培训包必 须经过国家质量管理部门的批准才能使用, National Training Framework 国家培训框架 Australian National Training Framework 澳大利亚国家培训框架 Australian Quality Training framework (Competency Standards 奥大利亚质量培训框架 培训包(能力标准) Australian Qualification Framework 澳大利亚资格认证框架
5 Competency standards, developed by each industry sector and packaged into qualifications within the Australian Qualification Framework, form the second pillar of the Australian skills framework. These industry products are called ‘Training Packages’ and must be endorsed by the national quality body before use. 澳大利亚技能框架的第二个支柱由能力标准构成。这些能力标准由各行业领域开发 并打包进入澳大利亚该框架下的资格。这些行业产品被称为“培训包”。培训包必 须经过国家质量管理部门的批准才能使用。 21 Australian National Training Framework 澳大利亚国家培训框架 National Training Framework 国家培训框架 Australian Quality Training Framework 澳大利亚质量培训框架 Australian Qualification Framework 澳大利亚资格认证框架 Training Packages (Competency Standards) 培训包（能力标准）