Alcohols are Found in Many Natural Products HO N-CH3 HO Morphine most abundant of opium's alkaloids
Alcohols are Found in Many Natural Products O HO HO N CH3 H Morphine most abundant of opium's alkaloids
Paralytic Shellfish Poisoning NH2 A possible che mical warfare agent roughly 1000 times more toxic -NH than saran gas or cyanide HN N-H -OH The toxin blocks entry ofsodium OH required by cells to make "action potentials" Saxitoxin (STX) LD50=2μg/kg
Paralytic Shellfish Poisoning N N N N OH OH H HN H O O NH2 NH H Saxitoxin (STX) LD50 = 2 g/kg A possible chemical warfare agent roughly 1000 times more toxic than saran gas or cyanide The toxin blocks entry of sodium required by cells to make "action potentials
OH OH HO OH OH H2N OH OH OH HO OH PALYTOXIN OH OH LDs0=0.15μg/kg OH OH OH "OH HO OH OH OH HO OH OH OH HO OH OH OH OH HO OH
HO N N H O H O OH OH OH O HO OH OH OH OH OH OH O OH O OH OH OH HO OH OH OH OH HO O OH OH OH HO OH OH OH OH OH OH OH OH OH HO O OH OH HO OH OH O O OH H2N PALYTOXIN LD50 = 0.15 g/kg
Ethanol:the Beverage Ethanol is a central nervous system depressant depresses brain areas responsible for judgement (thus the illusion of stimulation) 0 alcohol dehydrogenase CH3CH2OH CH3CH NADH H" e thanol NAD" ace talde hyde LD50=1.9 g/Kg NAD enz. CH3CO2H+NADH +H acetic acid
Ethanol: the Beverage enz. CH3CO2H + NADH + H+ NAD+ CH3CH2OH CH3CH O acetaldehyde LD50 = 1.9 g/Kg ethanol Ethanol is a central nervous system depressant - depresses brain areas responsible for judgement (thus the illusion of stimulation) alcohol dehydrogenase NAD+ + NADH + H+ acetic acid
Enzymatic Oxidation of Ethanol HH OH ADH CH3一 CH,一C一H NH,H+ acetaldehyde H oxidized form ethanol sugar sugar reduced form ADH=alcohol dehydrogenase NAD+ NADH oxidized form reduced form 0 HH CH-C-H +HO ALDH NH CH-C-OH NH,H+ acetic acid sugar ALDH=aldehyde dehydrogenase sugar NAD NADH Ethanol oxidizes to acetaldehyde,then acetic acid, which is a normal metabolite
Enzymatic Oxidation of Ethanol Ethanol oxidizes to acetaldehyde, then acetic acid, which is a normal metabolite