Definition of Alkaloid OH H:C CH H:C OH Acetylcholine Muscarine Scopolamine NH NH H HN-C-NH2 NH2-C-NH OH H2N NH2 -COOH HH HO OH spermine COOH H 0、 L-a-kainic acid CHO H CH3 H 0 CH3 H OH HN CH2OH -0 HO CH2OH H 、CH3 N H \H CH3NH/ CHa H CH3 H 0 COOH OH H caffeine zeatin penicillin G streptomycin
Coniine(毒芹碱，1826) 2-Methylpiperidine H Coniine y-Coniceine Pseudoconhydrine N-Methylconiine N.N-Dimethylconiine HO N H H OH Conhydrinone 1'-Oxo-y-coniceine Conhydrine N-Methylpseudo- conhydrine Albert Ladenburg HO H H CH3 Conmaculatin 2-n-Pentyl--3,4,5,6 5-Hydroxy-2-n- tetrahydropyridine pentylpiperidine Coniine Theoretical hemlock alkaloids HO Coniine was the first alkaloid to have its structure established (Schiff,1881)and OH to be synthesized (Ladenburg,1886). N-Methylconhydrine 5-Hydroxy-y-coniceine
300多年前，一位名医西德纳姆在其书中写到： “在万能的上帝欣然赐于人类解除痛苦的医药中，没有任何一 种像阿片那样万能和有效！” "Among the remedies which it has pleased almighty God to give to man to relieve his sufferings,none is so universal and so efficacious as opium." -Sir Thomas Sydenham(1680) SYDENHAM MEDICI DOCTORIS OPE我A MEDICA Thomas Sydenham "Black gold"-Opium (1624-1689) In 1676,Sydenham simplified Paracelsus' Father of English medicin laudanum recipe to just opium in alcohol
Opium and I Laudanum The history of opium is our history and it speaks to us of who we are Cypriot jugs 1250 BC in Greece Hold Poppy in Hands Dionysos Greek vase 580 and 570 BCE 3000 years ago
Grandfather"of Pharmacology 最早的制剂一鸦片酊 "All things are poisons,for there is nothing without poisonous qualities.It is only the dose which make a thing a poison... ￥4m。 a lot kills,a little cures"Aureolus Paraceisus Paracelsus (1493/4-1541) "Grandfather"of Pharmacology The Father of Pharmacy He is credited as the "father of 9LREPLUSS BADI? toxicology"and "Grandfather of LAUDANUM Pharmacology" The history of opium is our history and it speaks to us of who Laudanam we are,It is True? 鸦片酊