四川建筑职业技术学院 授课教案 The participle Step 1分词说 分词是一种非谓语动词,有现在分词(由v+ing构成)和 过去分词(v+ed构成)两种。分词具有形容词和副词的特 征,在句中可作表语、定语和补足语等。 如: working worked washing was 分词作表语现在分词做表语多指主语的性质,特别是表示 情绪、状态、品质的现在分词。 The dirty street is disgusting(情绪) 这条肮脏的街道令人厌恶。 The interruption is very annoying.(情绪) 这样的打新很让人恼火。 The photo is missing.(状态) 那张照片不见了。 She is always very obliging (品质) 她总是乐于助人。 注:这样的现在分词很多都成了形容词 过去分词作表语多指主语的状态
四 川 建 筑 职 业 技 术 学 院 授 课 教 案 The participle Step 1 分词概说 •分词是一种非谓语动词，有现在分词（由 v.+ing 构成）和 过去分词（v.+ed 构成）两种。分词具有形容词和副词的特 征，在句中可作表语、定语和补足语等。 如：working worked washing washed 分词作表语 现在分词做表语多指主语的性质，特别是表示 情绪、状态、品质的现在分词。 The dirty street is disgusting. (情绪) 这条肮脏的街道令人厌恶。 The interruption is very annoying. (情绪) 这样的打断很让人恼火。 The photo is missing. (状态) 那张照片不见了。 She is always very obliging. (品质) 她总是乐于助人。 注：这样的现在分词很多都成了形容词。 •过去分词作表语多指主语的状态
Im disappointed with you 我对你很失望。 I was touched by his sincerity 我被他的诚恳打动了。 How long have you been married? 你结婚多久了? 难点: (1)现在分词作表语与进行时态的区别。 (a) The situation is encouraging.形势很令人鼓舞。 (b The teacher is encouraging the student defeated in the match 老师正在鼓励那个输掉了比赛的学生。 (a)表示事物的状态;(b)表示正在进行的动作。(2)过 去分词作表语与被动语态的区别。 (a) The shop is closed now.商店已关门。 (b)t' s usually closed at8o' clock.完通常8点关门。 (a表示事物的状态;(b)表示动作(被动语态) 分词作定语 1.现在分词作定语表示主动或动作正在进行。 (1)可作表语的现在分词几乎都可以用作定语,修饰 个名词 It was an astonishing performance
I’m disappointed with you. 我对你很失望。 I was touched by his sincerity. 我被他的诚恳打动了。 How long have you been married? 你结婚多久了？ 难点： （1）现在分词作表语与进行时态的区别。 (a) The situation is encouraging. 形势很令人鼓舞。 (b)The teacher is encouraging the student defeated in the match. 老师正在鼓励那个输掉了比赛的学生。 (a)表示事物的状态；(b)表示正在进行的动作。（2）过 去分词作表语与被动语态的区别。 (a) The shop is closed now. 商店已关门。 (b) It’s usually closed at 8 o’clock. 它通常 8 点关门。 (a)表示事物的状态;(b)表示动作（被动语态）。 分词作定语 1. 现在分词作定语表示主动或动作正在进行。 （1）可作表语的现在分词几乎都可以用作定语，修饰 一 个名词。 It was an astonishing performance
这是一场令人惊讶的演出。 He'sa promising painter 他是为很有希望的画家。 I found nothing amusing in the street.我在街上没发现什么 趣事。 注:如被修饰的名词是 something, anything, everything, nothing等,分词放在被修饰名词的后面。(2)现在分词 短语还可用在名词后作定语,作用接近一个定语从句 There are a few boys swimming( who are swimming) in the stream 有几个男孩在小溪游泳。 The girl sitting(=who was sitting)next to me was my cousin 坐在我旁边的姑娘是我表姝。 2.过去分词作定语表示被动或动作已完成 (1)过去分词可用作定语,特别是表示情绪的词。 His face wore a puzzled expression 他脸上有一种图惑的表情。 She threw me a quick, frightened glance 她迅速而惊恐地看了我一眼。 (2)有些过去分词短语跟在所修饰词后面,作用接近于 个定语从句。 What's the language spoken (=that is spoken) in that country?
这是一场令人惊讶的演出。 He’s a promising painter. 他是为很有希望的画家。 I found nothing amusing in the street. 我在街上没发现什么 趣事。 注:如被修饰的名词是 something,anything, everything, nothing 等，分词放在被修饰名词的后面。 （2）现在分词 短语还可用在名词后作定语，作用接近一个定语从句。 There are a few boys swimming (=who are swimming) in the stream. 有几个男孩在小溪游泳。 The girl sitting (=who was sitting) next to me was my cousin. 坐在我旁边的姑娘是我表妹。 2. 过去分词作定语表示被动或动作已完成。 （1）过去分词可用作定语，特别是表示情绪的词。 His face wore a puzzled expression. 他脸上有一种困惑的表情。 She threw me a quick, frightened glance. 她迅速而惊恐地看了我一眼。 （2）有些过去分词短语跟在所修饰词后面，作用接近于一 个定语从句。 What’s the language spoken (=that is spoken)in that country?
那个国家讲的是什么语言? The p lay acted (that was acted by the teachers was a big success 老师们表演的话剧很成功。 (3)作定语的过去分词常指已经完成的动作,若要表示现 在正在进行的动作,要用其进被动形式,即现在分词的被 动形式。 We must keep a secret of the things being discussed (which are being discussed)here 我们必须对在此讨论的问题保密。 I knew nothing about the experiment being conducted there 我对在那里进行的试验一无所知分调构成复合宾语 分词构成复合宾语(即充当宾语补足语)时,现在分词强 调动作正在进行,表示主动意义;过去分词则表示被动意 义。 此粪动调多为;see, look at, watch,hear, listen to,fel, sml,find, notice等感官动调和make,keep, leave, cause, let,have,get等使役动词。 I see him passing my house every day 我看见他天天从我房前经过。 I smelt something burning 我闻到有东西娆糊了
那个国家讲的是什么语言？ The play acted (=that was acted) by the teachers was a big success. 老师们表演的话剧很成功。 （3）作定语的过去分词常指已经完成的动作，若要表示现 在正在进行的动作，要用其进被动形式，即现在分词的被 动形式。 We must keep a secret of the things being discussed (=which are being discussed) here. 我们必须对在此讨论的问题保密。 I knew nothing about the experiment being conducted there. 我对在那里进行的试验一无所知分词构成复合宾语 分词构成复合宾语（即充当宾语补足语）时，现在分词强 调动作正在进行，表示主动意义；过去分词则表示被动意 义。 此类动词多为：see, look at, watch, hear, listen to, feel, smell, find, notice 等感官动词和 make, keep, leave, cause, let, have, get 等使役动词。 I see him passing my house every day. 我看见他天天从我房前经过。 I smelt something burning. 我闻到有东西烧糊了
He kept them working all day 他让他们整天干话。 We'll get her X-rayed 我们要给她透视。 Alan had his wallet stolen 艾伦的钱包被偷了。 We all wished the problem settled 我们都希望这问題得到解决。分词作状语 ·分词(或分词短语)作状语时,常用逗号把它和句子的主 要部分分开,可放在句首,句末或插在句子中间,位置较 为灵活。具体情况如下: (1)作时间状语 Turning around (=when she turned around), she saw an ambulance ariving up. 她一转身,看见一辆救护车开了过来。 Hearing the news (when they heard the news), they all jumped with joy 听到这消息,他们都高兴地跳了起来。 (2)作原因状语 Being a student (as he was a student), he was naturally interested in museums 由于他是学生,他自然对博物馆很感兴趣 Not knowing her
He kept them working all day. 他让他们整天干活。 We’ll get her X-rayed. 我们要给她透视。 Alan had his wallet stolen. 艾伦的钱包被偷了。 We all wished the problem settled. 我们都希望这问题得到解决。分词作状语 •分词（或分词短语）作状语时，常用逗号把它和句子的主 要部分分开，可放在句首，句末或插在句子中间，位置较 为灵活。具体情况如下： （1）作时间状语 Turning around (=when she turned around), she saw an ambulance driving up. 她一转身，看见一辆救护车开了过来。 Hearing the news (=when they heard the news), they all jumped with joy. 听到这消息，他们都高兴地跳了起来。 （2）作原因状语 Being a student (=as he was a student), he was naturally interested in museums. 由于他是学生，他自然对博物馆很感兴趣 Not knowing her