1.5 bonds on average 2007 Thomson Higher Education Naphthalene
Br-Br FeBr3 Br+-FeBr4 Slow 1An electron pair from the benzene ring attacks the positively polarized bromine,forming a new C-Br bond Br FeBr4 and leaving a nonaromatic carbocation intermediate. 2A base removes H+from the carbocation intermediate, and the neutral substitution product forms as two electrons from the C-H bond move to re-form the aromatic ring. 2 Fast Br HBr FeBr3
R-X+ Nu:-→R-Nu +X: Nu:-+ -X Tetrahedral The SN2 Reaction Planar Nu- X: Tetrahedral
The S N 2 Reaction
0环+大车 花率院 The E2 Reaction Base:. Anti periplanar reactant Anti transition state Alkene product
The E2 Reaction
GO: An electron pair from the nucleophile attacks the electrophilic carbon of the Ketone carbonyl group,pushing an electron pair from the 0 C=O bond onto oxygen and giving an alkoxide :6: anion.The carbonyl carbon rehybridizes from sp2 to sp3. H0 ②Protonation of the Alkoxide ion alkoxide anion resulting from nucleophilic ②H0+ addition yields the neutral alcohol addition product. :OH +H20 H3C Alcohol 2007 Thomson Higher Education