④不同种类的段落采用不同的扩展手段 2)中间段的具体特点 ①所涉及内容应该准确、清楚,颇具说服力 ②段落中一定具备主题句 ③段落内容应该保持完整、统一,没有说明不足之处或多余冗长的细节 ④内容顺序安排合理,逻辑性较强; ⑤段落之间连贯自然 ⑥段落中讨论的内容主次分明,材料比例适当 ⑦词与句型运用合理并且有变化。 3)中间段展开的基本方法 ①列举法 There are a number of ways for us to keep fit. First, no matter how busy we are, we should have exercise every day to strengthen our muscles. Second, it is important to keep good hours. For example, if we are in the habit of going to bed early and getting up early, we can avoid overworking ourselves and get enough sleep. Finally, entertainment is also necessary so that we may have some moments of relaxation. If we follow those instruction. We will certainly be in good health ②比较对比法 例文 The older fom of communication is speech. In the beginning of human history, people could only use direct verbal speech to communicate. But it had many shortcomings. For instance, we could no speak to a person far away when we needed. So distance was a problem And the spoken word could not be kept secret easily. So people wanted to invent a new method of communication. The next big step forward in communication was the invention of writing. Writing is one of human being s most important inventions. It solved the problem of distance and keeping secrets, but it too had disadvantages. The written word could not be passed on quickly, so people to find a new quicker method of communication The most recent development had been electronic means of communication, including the wireless
④ 不同种类的段落采用不同的扩展手段。 2) 中间段的具体特点 ① 所涉及内容应该准确、清楚，颇具说服力； ② 段落中一定具备主题句； ③ 段落内容应该保持完整、统一，没有说明不足之处或多余冗长的细节； ④ 内容顺序安排合理，逻辑性较强； ⑤ 段落之间连贯自然； ⑥ 段落中讨论的内容主次分明，材料比例适当； ⑦ 词与句型运用合理并且有变化。 3) 中间段展开的基本方法 ① 列举法 例文： There are a number of ways for us to keep fit. First, no matter how busy we are, we should have exercise every day to strengthen our muscles. Second, it is important to keep good hours. For example, if we are in the habit of going to bed early and getting up early, we can avoid overworking ourselves and get enough sleep. Finally, entertainment is also necessary so that we may have some moments of relaxation. If we follow those instruction. We will certainly be in good health. ② 比较对比法 例文： The older form of communication is speech. In the beginning of human history, people could only use direct verbal speech to communicate. But it had many shortcomings. For instance, we could not speak to a person far away when we needed. So distance was a problem. And the spoken word could not be kept secret easily. So people wanted to invent a new method of communication. The next big step forward in communication was the invention of writing. Writing is one of human being's most importa nt inventions. It solved the problem of distance and keeping secrets, but it too had disadvantages. The written word could not be passed on quickly, so people tried to find a new quicker method of communication. The most recent development had been electronic means of communication, including the wireless
telegraph, radio, telephone and television. The invention and use of electronic means has solved all the problems mentioned above. They are the most effective methods of communication. People will certainly try their best to invent even more modem and useful method 因果法 The hamburger is the most popular food item in the United States. Every year Americans consume billions of them. They are sold in expensive restaurants and in humble diners. They are cooked at home on the kitchen stove or over a barbecue grill in the backyard. Why are they so popular? First, a hamburger is extremely easy to prepare. It is nothing more than a piece of ground beef, cooked for a few minutes. Then it is placed in a sliced bun Nothing could be simpler. Even an unskilled cook can turn out hundreds of them in an hour. Besides that, the simple hamburger can be varied in many ways. You can melt some cheese on top of the beef to create a cheeseburger. You can also add some grilled bacon for an interesting flavor contrast. In addition, you can garnish the hamburger with other things such as lettuce, tomato, onion, mushrooms, avocado, pickles, hot pepper, ketchup, relish, ayonnaise, mustard or whatever you wish! ④例证法 The saying No pains, no gains is universally accepted because of the plain yet philosophical moral it teaches if one wants to achieve something he has to work and tolerate more than others. The saying is true of any pursuit man seeks a case in point is boxing While we heap cheers on the winner, few happen to imagine that his gold belt is won at the cost of his sweat, tears, blood, even life over years before the arrival of that exciting moment ⑤发展过程法 例文 To build your own sunscope, get a carton and cut a hole in one side, big enough to poke your head through. Paste white paper on the inside surface that you will be fading Then punch a pinhole into the opposite side high enough so that the little shaft of light will miss your head For a sharper image you can make a better pinhole by cutting a one- inch square hole in the carton, taping a piece of aluminum foil over this hole, and then making the pin-hole in the foil. Finally, tape the box shut and cover all light leaks with black tape ⑥定义法
telegraph, radio, telephone and television. The invention and use of electronic means has solved all the problems mentioned above. They are the most effective methods of communication. People will certainly try their best to invent even more modem and useful methods. ③ 因果法 例文： The hamburger is the most popular food item in the United States. Every year Americans consume billions of them. They are sold in expensive restaurants and in humble diners. They are cooked at home on the kitchen stove or over a barbecue grill in the backyard. Why are they so popular? First, a hamburger is extremely easy to prepare. It is nothing more than a piece of ground beef, cooked for a few minutes. Then it is placed in a sliced bun. Nothing could be simpler. Even an unskilled cook can turn out hundreds of them in an hour. Besides that, the simple hamburger can be varied in many ways. You can melt some cheese on top of the beef to create a cheeseburger. You can also add some grilled bacon for an interesting flavor contrast. In addition, you can garnish the hamburger with other things such as lettuce, tomato, onion, mushrooms, avocado, pickles, hot pepper, ketchup, relish, mayonnaise, mustard or whatever you wish! ④ 例证法 例文： The saying “No pains, no gains” is universally accepted because of the plain yet philosophical moral it teaches: if one wants to achieve something, he has to work and tolerate more than others. The saying is true of any pursuit man seeks. A case in point is boxing. While we heap cheers on the winner, few happen to imagine that his gold belt is won at the cost of his sweat, tears, blood, even life over years before the arrival of that exciting moment. ⑤ 发展过程法 例文： To build your own sunscope, get a carton and cut a hole in one side, big enough to poke your head through. Paste white paper on the inside surface that you will be facing. Then punch a pinhole into the opposite side high enough so that the little shaft of light will miss your head. For a sharper image you can make a better pinhole by cutting a one-inch square hole in the carton, taping a piece of aluminum foil over this hole, and then making the pin-hole in the foil. Finally, tape the box shut and cover all light leaks with black tape. ⑥ 定义法 例文：
Diligence is the key to success. It means persistent work and does not mean that we are to exert the careful use of time for the purpose of improvement, or to work persistently without any waste of time ⑦分类法 例文 Nowadays the news media mainly consists of radio, television and newspapers. Each type has its own advantages and disadvantages Newspapers are the oldest fom for communicating the news. Today many people still begin their day by reading the moming paper while having breakfast, and end their day by reading the evening paper while having dinner. The invention of the radio has had a tremendous influence on the world. It is able to bring up-to-minute news to distant places in a matter of seconds. thus the development of the radio has made the world a smaller place Television is the most recently developed device for communication. It allows us to see as well as to hear the news. The fact that it enables people to see visual images has had a considerable effect on our perceptions of world event 4)中间段的常用核心句型 Although the popular belief is that", a current (new /recent)study(survey /poll /investigation) indicates(shows/ demonstrates) that Common sense tells us that The increase(change /failure /success)in.. mainly(largely /partly) results from(arises from /is because of he increase(change/failure /success)in.. is due to(owing to attributable to) the fact that Many people would claim that One may attribute(ascribe /owe) the increase(decrease change )to., but . is not by itself an dequate explanation One of the reasons given for… is that…… What is also worth noticing is that
Diligence is the key to success. It means persistent work and does not mean that we are to exert ourselves all day and night without rest, without food and without sleep. The true meaning of diligence is the careful use of time for the purpose of improvement, or to work persistently without any waste of time. ⑦ 分类法 例文： Nowadays the news media mainly consists of radio, television and newspapers. Each type has its own advantages and disadvantages. Newspapers are the oldest form for communicating the news. Today many people still begin their day by reading the morning paper while having breakfast, and end their day by reading the evening paper while having dinner. The invention of the radio has had a tremendous influence on the world. It is able to bring up-to-minute news to distant places in a matter of seconds. Thus the development of the radio has made the world a smaller place. Television is the most recently developed device for communication. It allows us to see as well as to hear the news. The fact that it enables people to see visual images has had a considerable effect on our perceptions of world event. 4) 中间段的常用核心句型 -- Although the popular belief is that …, a current (new / recent) study (survey / poll / investigation) indicates (shows / demonstrates) that …. -- Common sense tells us that …. -- The increase (change / failure / success) in … mainly (largely / partly) results from (arises from / is because of) …. -- The increase (change / failure / success) in … is due to (owing to / attributable to) the fact that …. -- Many people would claim that …. -- One may attribute (ascribe / owe) the increase (decrease / change ) to …, but … is not by itself an adequate explanation. -- One of the reasons given for … is that …. -- What is also worth noticing is that …
There are many( dif ferent several la number of a variety of)causes(reasons) for this dramatic ( marked/ significant growth( change/decline/ Increase)in… First,… Se cond,…… Finally There is no evidence to suggest that Why are(is/do /did).? For one thing .. For another Another reason why I dispute the above statement is that It gives rise to(lead to /bring /create)a host of problems(consequences) There are numerous reasons why ., and I shall here explore only a few of the most important ones It will exert (have /produce) profound (far-reaching/ remarkable considerable beneficial favorable/undesirable/disastrous )effect (influence)on A multitude of factors could account for(contribute to /lead to result in /influence) the change (increase/ decrease/ success/ failure /development) in In 2000, it increased (rose /jumped shot up)from 5 to 10 percent of the total to 15 percent /by By comparison with 2002, it decreased (dropped / fell) from 10 to 5 percent to 15 percent /by 15 It accounts for 15 percent of the total There were 100 traffic accidents in April, an increase of 5 percent in a five-month period By 2002, only(less than /more than /almost /about /over/ as many as)three quarters (40 percent of /one out of five /one in four) college population(graduates housewives) as against(as compared with) last year(2002)preferred to(liked) With the development (improvement /rise growth general recognition acknowledgement realization)of., vast changes awaits this country's society Now people in growing(ever-increasing /significant) numbers are beginning(coming /getting)to believe(realize/recognize/understand/ accept/see /be aware)that According to a(n)recent (new official) study (survey report/ pol History(Our society) is filled(abounds)with the examples of
-- There are many (different / several /a number of / a variety of)causes (reasons) for this dramatic (marked / significant) growth (change / decline / increase) in …. First, …. Second, …. Finally, …. -- There is no evidence to suggest that…. -- Why are (is / do / did) …? For one thing, …. For another, …. -- Another reason why I dispute the above statement is that …. -- It gives rise to (lead to / bring /create) a host of problems (consequences). -- There are numerous reasons why …, and I shall here explore only a few of the most important ones. -- It will exert (have / produce) profound (far-reaching / remarkable / considerable / beneficial / favorable / undesirable / disastrous) effect (influence) on …. -- A multitude of factors could account for (contribute to / lead to / result in / influence) the change (increase / decrease / success / failure / development) in …. -- In 2000, it increased (rose / jumped / shot up) from 5 to 10 percent of the total (to 15 percent / by 15 percent). -- By comparison with 2002, it decreased (dropped / fell) from 10 to 5 percent (to 15 percent / by 15 percent). -- It accounts for 15 percent of the total. -- There were 100 traffic accidents in April, an increase of 5 percent in a five-month period. -- By 2002, only (less than / more than / almost / about / over/ as many as) three quarters (40 percent of / one out of five / one in four) college population (graduates / housewives) as against (as compared with) last year (2002) preferred to (liked) …. -- With the development (improvement / rise / growth / general recognition / acknowledgement / realization) of …, vast changes awaits this country's society. -- Now people in growing (ever-increasing / significant) numbers are beginning (coming / getting) to believe (realize / recognize / understand / accept / see / be aware) that …. -- According to a(n) recent (new / official) study (survey / report / poll), …. -- History (Our society) is filled (abounds) with the examples of …