were those when we were more serious stand out: be noticeable突出 e.g. We had a lot of good applicants for the job, but one stood out from the rest Red plums stand out against the white snow 2. the mechanic delivered his sad verdict -- the mechanic concluded that the car was beyond repaiR 11
11 were those when we were more serious. stand out: be noticeable 突出 e.g. We had a lot of good applicants for the job, but one stood out from the rest. Red plums stand out against the white snow. 2. the mechanic delivered his sad verdict --- the mechanic concluded that the car was beyond repair
Unit 2 TextA The titanic puzzle Text-related Information 1. Titanic:"泰坦尼克号"(英国豪华游轮)At2:20 AM on April15,1912, the titanic, then the world's largest and most luxurious ocean liner, disappeared into the icy depths of the North Atlantic. With her she took the lives of some 1, 500 men, women, and children--more casualties than in any other marine disaster in peacetime history. Many movies were shot about this event but the one that came out in 1998 was the biggest hit Reading analysis This is a piece of argumentation The text starts with a fabricated story that the Titanic ll is inking when the captain shouts "Women and children first! "This immediately sets up an opposing point of view why should women be grouped with children to enjoy the privilege of protection? The author's point of view is clear in a series of rhetorical questions, in opposition to facts derived from newspaper reporting. The author then argues from different aspects 1. Children are entitled to the privilege of protection in time of danger with sound reasons and therefore should be separated from women 2. Women today, enjoying almost every equality, have no reason for being reduced to the status of children 3. It is a poor and depressing reduction that women enjoy priority from evolutionary point of women being child-bearers 4. The point that"Women and children"is"Women for children"is likely absurd if there are no children around The text ends with another fabricated story, in which Titanic Ill is sinking with only adults, should people shout"Ladies first? "One point of attention here is that the beginning and ending of the text echoes similarly: The Titanic is sinking Language points Title 1. The Titanic Puzzle -- The Paradoxical Question Concerning the Titanic a puzzle is a question that is difficult to understand or answer, or a game or toy that demands skill or careful thought to answer it or to put it together e.g. Their reason for doing this is still a puzzle to me He does the China Daily crossword puzzles every evening 2. feminist: n a person who believes that women should have the same rights and opportunities as men女权主义者 e.g. Feminists believe in equal pay for equal work, regardless of the worker's sex 3. priority --n. right to have or do sth. before others e.g. I have priority over you in my claim Banks normally give priority to large businesses when deciding on loans
12 Unit 2 Text A The Titanic Puzzle Text-related Information 1. Titanic : "泰坦尼克号"(英国豪华游轮) At 2:20 AM on April 15, 1912, the Titanic, then the world's largest and most luxurious ocean liner, disappeared into the icy depths of the North Atlantic. With her she took the lives of some 1,500 men, women, and children -- more casualties than in any other marine disaster in peacetime history. Many movies were shot about this event, but the one that came out in 1998 was the biggest hit. Reading Analysis: This is a piece of argumentation. The text starts with a fabricated story that the Titanic II is sinking when the captain shouts "Women and children first!" This immediately sets up an opposing point of view: why should women be grouped with children to enjoy the privilege of protection? The author's point of view is clear in a series of rhetorical questions, in opposition to facts derived from newspaper reporting. The author then argues from different aspects: 1. Children are entitled to the privilege of protection in time of danger with sound reasons and therefore should be separated from women; 2. Women today, enjoying almost every equality, have no reason for being reduced to the status of children; 3. It is a poor and depressing reduction that women enjoy priority from evolutionary point of women being child-bearers; 4. The point that "Women and children" is "Women for children" is likely absurd if there are no children around. The text ends with another fabricated story, in which Titanic III is sinking with only adults, should people shout "Ladies first?" One point of attention here is that the beginning and ending of the text echoes similarly: The Titanic is sinking. Language Points Title 1. The Titanic Puzzle -- The Paradoxical Question Concerning the Titanic A puzzle is a question that is difficult to understand or answer, or a game or toy that demands skill or careful thought to answer it or to put it together. e.g. Their reason for doing this is still a puzzle to me. He does the China Daily crossword puzzles every evening. 2. feminist: n. a person who believes that women should have the same rights and opportunities as men 女权主义者 e.g. Feminists believe in equal pay for equal work, regardless of the worker's sex. 3. priority -- n. right to have or do sth. before others e.g. I have priority over you in my claim. Banks normally give priority to large businesses when deciding on loans
Para I 1. the Titanic ll-the second ship in the series bearing the name Titanic(an imaginary ship created by the author to provide a similar circumstance Note the use of the definite article"the"in the expression before the name of a ship, which, in other cases, should not occur e.g. World War Il Elizabeth ll 2. as last time ---as it happened with the real Titanic last time(which hit an iceberg and sunk) 3. Why women---Why should women take the lifeboat first? Translati No. 3: You' re giving more priority to your personal life than to your studies. It's no wonder your grades are suffering Para. 2 I. the period costumes, the period extravagance, and the period prejudices-- the costumes the extravagance, and the prejudices of that time in history那个时代的服装,那个时代的奢 华,和那个时代的偏见 period:aof, belonging to, or representing a certain historical age or time某时期的属于、包 含于或代表某特定历史时期的: e.g. a period piece时代乐章 period furniture属于某时代的家俱 2. An audience can enjoy these at a distance. -- From far away in time, viewers can take pleasure in looking at these( period things).时隔多年,观众能够欣赏这些东西 An audience is not one person, but a group of people who are watching or listening to a play concert, show, film, radio or TV program, or public speaker. One person who is doing this generally referred to as a viewer or listener. The plural form audiences refers to groups of viewers or listeners on various occasions or in different places at a distance: from a place that is not very close, a long time after sth. happened隔开一段距 离(或时间)从远处 e.g. It's wise to stay at a distance from the cobras Some people are more respectable if admired from a distance Remembering the disaster at a distance I now feel sure that it was not his fault 3. enjoy total acceptance by modern audiences--- be fully approved of by modern groups of vIewers 4boov. show disapproval or contempt for sb/sth. by shouting"boo"对…)发出“呸"的声音(表 示嫌恶或强烈的不满) e.g. People at the back started booing loudly The audience booed the singer who had done so badly 5. sneak on the lifeboats with -or ahead of --the ladies --get on the lifeboats quietly and stealthily along with the women -or even in front of them Para. 3 1. But is not grouping women with children a raging anachronism?--- But is it not a serious mistake to place women and children in the same category in modern times as in old times?
13 Para 1 1. the Titanic II - the second ship in the series bearing the name Titanic (an imaginary ship created by the author to provide a similar circumstance) Note the use of the definite article “the” in the expression before the name of a ship, which, in other cases, should not occur. e.g. World War II Elizabeth II 2. as last time --- as it happened with the real Titanic last time (which hit an iceberg and sunk) 3. Why women? --- Why should women take the lifeboat first? Translation: No.3: You’re giving more priority to your personal life than to your studies. It’s no wonder your grades are suffering. Para.2 1. the period costumes, the period extravagance, and the period prejudices --- the costumes, the extravagance, and the prejudices of that time in history 那个时代的服装，那个时代的奢 华，和那个时代的偏见 period: a. of, belonging to, or representing a certain historical age or time 某时期的属于、包 含于或代表某特定历史时期的： e.g. a period piece 时代乐章 period furniture 属于某时代的家俱 2. An audience can enjoy these at a distance. --- From far away in time, viewers can take pleasure in looking at these (period things). 时隔多年，观众能够欣赏这些东西 An audience is not one person, but a group of people who are watching or listening to a play, concert, show, film, radio or TV program, or public speaker. One person who is doing this is generally referred to as a viewer or listener. The plural form audiences refers to groups of viewers or listeners on various occasions or in different places. at a distance : from a place that is not very close; a long time after sth. happened 隔开一段距 离(或时间); 从远处 e.g. It's wise to stay at a distance from the cobras. Some people are more respectable if admired from a distance. Remembering the disaster at a distance, I now feel sure that it was not his fault. 3. enjoy total acceptance by modern audiences --- be fully approved of by modern groups of viewers 4. boo: v. show disapproval or contempt for sb./sth. by shouting "boo"(对…) 发出"呸"的声音(表 示嫌恶或强烈的不满) e.g. People at the back started booing loudly. The audience booed the singer who had done so badly. 5. sneak on the lifeboats with -- or ahead of -- the ladies --- get on the lifeboats quietly and stealthily along with the women -- or even in front of them Para.3 1. But is not grouping women with children a raging anachronism? --- But is it not a serious mistake to place women and children in the same category in modern times as in old times?
grouping women with children: forming women and children into the same group; mentioning women and children together The phrase is a gerundial phrase which functions as the subject of the sentence anachronism: n. sth. outdated or obsolete; sth. from one historical period incorrectly associated with another时代错误 e.g. The modern train was an obvious anachronism in the film about London in the 1950s 2. Should not any self-respecting modern person, let alone feminist, object to it as insulting to women--- Should not any modern person with self-respect, not to mention the feminist onsider grouping women with children to be insulting to women and object to it let alone-(used to indicate that a particular situation is even less likely or possible)not to e.g. I was too tired to walk, let alone running There wasn't enough room for us. let alone three dogs and two cats No. 7: Theres no practical reason to perpetuate the custom of opening doors for women, let alone the tradition of“ women and children first” Para. 4-7 1. its usage---the practice of grouping women with children 2. at random: without conscious choice胡乱地,随便地,任意地 e.g. I chose a name at random, and it turned out to be an old acquaintance They can't have seen us; they were shooting at random 3. gun down: shoot, causing to fall to the ground dead or wounded枪杀;开枪打伤 e.g. The police officer was gunned down as he took his children to school gun down innocent women and children Para. 8 1. At a time when women fly combat aircraft and run multi-national corporations, how can one not wince when adult women are routinely classed with children?---In modern times when women are doing all sophisticated jobs as men do, how can one feel at ease when adul women are habitually grouped with children? wInce:vi. suddenly and briefly show pain in ones facial expression(因疼痛、惊吓等)本能地退 缩,畏缩:皱眉蹙眼 e.g. David winced when the dentist touched his sore tooth It makes me wince even thinking about eye operation class: vt consider.. as belonging to a particular group; classify g. At nineteen you are still cla He was classed with the top ten American novelists 2. When things get serious, when blood starts to flow or when ships start to sink, you'll find them with the children. -- When serious accidents or killings happen, women are certainl found to be classed with children Para.9 1. be entitled to: be given the right to have or do(sth.)有权,有资格
14 grouping women with children: forming women and children into the same group; mentioning women and children together The phrase is a gerundial phrase which functions as the subject of the sentence. anachronism : n. sth. outdated or obsolete; sth. from one historical period incorrectly associated with another 时代错误 e.g. The modern train was an obvious anachronism in the film about London in the 1950s. 2. Should not any self-respecting modern person, let alone feminist, object to it as insulting to women? --- Should not any modern person with self-respect, not to mention the feminist, consider grouping women with children to be insulting to women and object to it? let alone - (used to indicate that a particular situation is even less likely or possible) not to mention; without considering e.g. I was too tired to walk, let alone running. There wasn't enough room for us, let alone three dogs and two cats. Translation: No.7: There’s no practical reason to perpetuate the custom of opening doors for women, let alone the tradition of “women and children first”. Para.4-7 1. its usage --- the practice of grouping women with children 2. at random : without conscious choice 胡乱地, 随便地, 任意地 e.g. I chose a name at random, and it turned out to be an old acquaintance. They can't have seen us; they were shooting at random. 3. gun down : shoot, causing to fall to the ground dead or wounded 枪杀; 开枪打伤 e.g. The police officer was gunned down as he took his children to school. gun down innocent women and children Para.8 1. At a time when women fly combat aircraft and run multi-national corporations, how can one not wince when adult women are routinely classed with children? --- In modern times when women are doing all sophisticated jobs as men do, how can one feel at ease when adult women are habitually grouped with children? wince: vi. suddenly and briefly show pain in one's facial expression (因疼痛、惊吓等)本能地退 缩，畏缩；皱眉蹙眼 e.g. David winced when the dentist touched his sore tooth. It makes me wince even thinking about eye operation. class : vt. consider ... as belonging to a particular group; classify e.g. At nineteen you are still classed as a teenager. He was classed with the top ten American novelists. 2. When things get serious, when blood starts to flow or when ships start to sink, you'll find them with the children. --- When serious accidents or killings happen, women are certainly found to be classed with children. Para.9 1. be entitled to: be given the right to have or do (sth.) 有权, 有资格
e.g. You are entitled to high praise for handling this difficult situation successfully all alone I'm entitled to know how my own money is being spen 2. acquire the faculty of reason or the wisdom of experience -- learn to make sound judgement or become wise for experience 3. fend for oneself: look after oneself照料自己 e.g. It is time you left home and fended for yourself. Now that the children are old enough to fend for themselves, we can go away on holiday lone 4. put one's life in sb. 's hands---rely solely on sb 5 immunity:n.1. protection or freedom( from sth)受保护;豁免(权) 免疫力 e.g. He was told that he would be granted immunity from prosecution(tiF)if he confessed the ames diplomatic immunity(外交豁免权) Most people have no immunity against that virus(pi#) Translation No. 2: On Children's Day, kids are entitled to free entry to all the city parks. It's a way of compensating them for the long hours they spend in school all year 1. The phrase"women and children"attributes to women the same dependence and moral simplicity we find in five-year-olds. - By classing women with children, we think that women are as helpless and innocent as little kids“妇女和儿童”这句话将我们在五岁的孩子 们身上看到的依赖性和道德上的单纯也赋予了妇女 attribute(a quality, feature, etc. )to sb /sth. ---say or think that sb sth. has got(that qual ity feature, etc. e.g. He tends to attribute mean motives to other people I wouldn,'t dream of attributing such a lack of judgement to you dependence and moral simplicity -- another way of saying"helplessness and innocence 2. Such an attitude perhaps made sense in an era dominated by male privilege .--Such an attitude (thinking that women are as helpless and innocent as little kids) were perhaps reasonable at a time when men had the privilege and control 3. Given the disabilities attached to womanhood in 1912, it was only fair that a new standard of gender equality not suddenly be proclaimed just as life boat seats were being handed out.---Considering that women were in a helpless position in 1912, the traditional gender inequality should naturally continue at that critical moment when the ship was sinking-it was fair that women should have been given seats on the lifeboats first.考虑到1912年时妇女被视 为软弱无能的情况,在安排救生船的座位时,确实不宜突然宣布一种性别平等的新标准 given:prep.考虑到 The word given can be used as a preposition followed by a noun phrase or noun clause. If you say given something or given that something is true, you mean what is mentioned is considered or is taken into account e.g. Given his age, he is a remarkable fast runner I'm sure teaching is the right career for her, given(the fact)that she is interested in children
15 e.g. You are entitled to high praise for handling this difficult situation successfully all alone. I'm entitled to know how my own money is being spent. 2. acquire the faculty of reason or the wisdom of experience --- learn to make sound judgement or become wise for experience 3. fend for oneself: look after oneself 照料自己 e.g. It is time you left home and fended for yourself. Now that the children are old enough to fend for themselves, we can go away on holiday alone. 4. put one's life in sb.'s hands--- rely solely on sb. 5. immunity : n. 1. protection or freedom (from sth.) 受保护；豁免(权) 2. ability to resist infection, disease, etc. 免疫力 e.g. He was told that he would be granted immunity from prosecution (起诉) if he confessed the names of the other spies. diplomatic immunity (外交豁免权) Most people have no immunity against that virus(病毒). Translation: No.2: On Children’s Day, kids are entitled to free entry to all the city parks. It’s a way of compensating them for the long hours they spend in school all year. Para.10 1. The phrase “women and children” attributes to women the same dependence and moral simplicity we find in five-year-olds. --- By classing women with children, we think that women are as helpless and innocent as little kids. “妇女和儿童”这句话将我们在五岁的孩子 们身上看到的依赖性和道德上的单纯也赋予了妇女 attribute (a quality, feature, etc.) to sb./sth. --- say or think that sb./sth. has got (that quality, feature, etc.) e.g. He tends to attribute mean motives to other people. I wouldn't dream of attributing such a lack of judgement to you. dependence and moral simplicity --- another way of saying “helplessness and innocence” 2. Such an attitude perhaps made sense in an era dominated by male privilege. --- Such an attitude (thinking that women are as helpless and innocent as little kids) were perhaps reasonable at a time when men had the privilege and control. 3. Given the disabilities attached to womanhood in 1912, it was only fair that a new standard of gender equality not suddenly be proclaimed just as life boat seats were being handed out. --- Considering that women were in a helpless position in 1912, the traditional gender inequality should naturally continue at that critical moment when the ship was sinking - it was fair that women should have been given seats on the lifeboats first. 考虑到1912年时妇女被视 为软弱无能的情况，在安排救生船的座位时，确实不宜突然宣布一种性别平等的新标准 given: prep. 考虑到 The word given can be used as a preposition followed by a noun phrase or noun clause. If you say given something or given that something is true, you mean what is mentioned is considered or is taken into account. e.g. Given his age, he is a remarkable fast runner. I'm sure teaching is the right career for her, given (the fact) that she is interested in children