Unit 1 TextA How I got si Text-related Information 1. Cupid丘比特(罗马神话中的爱神) the Roman god of love. According to Roman mythology Cupid was the son of Mercury, the winged messenger of the gods, and Venus, the goddess of love He usually appeared as a winged infant carrying a bow and a quiver of arrows, whose wounds aspired love or passion in his every victim 2. Agamemnon阿伽门农(希腊神话中 Mycenae的国王,特洛伊战争中希腊联军统帅,战后 回国被其妻女及其情夫谋杀) Agamemnon was, in Greek mythology, king of Mycenae,and commander of the Greek forces in the Trojan War. After a ten-year siege, Troy fell and on returned in triumph to Mycenae. His wife Clytemnestra greeted him with protestations of love, but while he was in his bath she killed him with the assistance of her lover His death was avenged seven years later by his son Orestes Reading Analy The text can be divided into three parts. The first part is an introduction to the story, consisting of 3 paragraphs. The second part, from Paragraph 4 to Paragraph 33, is the story, which has a beginning part, a major part of the story and an ending The story is arranged according to time sequence. The third part, containing the last 4 paragraphs, is about the after events of the story Language points Para 1 1. A common misconception among youngsters attending school is that their teachers were child prodigies-- Children at school generally have the wrong idea that youngster: a young person, usually a child or an older child, but not a young man or young girl child prodigy: unusually clever children神童 e.g. Mozart was generally regarded as a child prodigy Child prodigies do not al ways turn out to be great successes when they grow up 2. Who else but a bookworm, with none of the normal kid's tendency to play rather than study, would grow up to be a teacher anyway?-- who else would ever grow up to be a teacher at all except a bookworm who, unlike other kids, likes to study but not to play? EE 么说,除了不像一般孩子那样生性贪玩、不愿学习的书呆子之外,还有谁愿意长大后当老 师呢? tendency: n part of a person,'s character that makes him like(to do)sth owa ency towards anyway: ad. often used in conversation without adding much meaning to what is being said) e.g. Why dont we get rid of the car since we don't use it anyway? Para. 2 1. the image they have of me as an enthusiastic devotee of books and homework during my adolescence was a bit out of focus. --their idea of how I was like when I was young-an
1 Unit 1 Text A How I Got Smart Text-related Information 1. Cupid 丘比特（罗马神话中的爱神）the Roman god of love. According to Roman mythology, Cupid was the son of Mercury, the winged messenger of the gods, and Venus, the goddess of love. He usually appeared as a winged infant carrying a bow and a quiver of arrows, whose wounds inspired love or passion in his every victim. 2. Agamemnon 阿伽门农（希腊神话中 Mycenae 的国王，特洛伊战争中希腊联军统帅，战后 回国被其妻女及其情夫谋杀）Agamemnon was, in Greek mythology, king of Mycenae, and commander of the Greek forces in the Trojan War. After a ten-year siege, Troy fell and Agamemnon returned in triumph to Mycenae. His wife Clytemnestra greeted him with protestations of love, but while he was in his bath she killed him with the assistance of her lover. His death was avenged seven years later by his son Orestes. Reading Analysis: The text can be divided into three parts. The first part is an introduction to the story, consisting of 3 paragraphs. The second part, from Paragraph 4 to Paragraph 33, is the story, which has a beginning part, a major part of the story and an ending. The story is arranged according to time sequence. The third part, containing the last 4 paragraphs, is about the after events of the story. Language Points Para 1 1. A common misconception among youngsters attending school is that their teachers were child prodigies -- Children at school generally have the wrong idea that ... youngster: a young person, usually a child or an older child, but not a young man or young girl child prodigy: unusually clever children 神童 e.g. Mozart was generally regarded as a child prodigy. Child prodigies do not always turn out to be great successes when they grow up. 2. Who else but a bookworm, with none of the normal kid's tendency to play rather than study, would grow up to be a teacher anyway? -- Who else would ever grow up to be a teacher at all except a bookworm who, unlike other kids, likes to study but not to play? 不管怎 么说，除了不像一般孩子那样生性贪玩、不愿学习的书呆子之外，还有谁愿意长大后当老 师呢？ tendency: n. part of a person's character that makes him like (to do) sth. e.g. have a tendency to/towards He's always had a tendency towards exaggeration. anyway: ad. ( often used in conversation without adding much meaning to what is being said) in any case, anyhow e.g. Why don't we get rid of the car since we don't use it anyway? Para.2 1. the image they have of me as an enthusiastic devotee of books and homework during my adolescence was a bit out of focus. -- their idea of how I was like when I was young -- an
enthusiastic reader and a hard-working student-- was somehow not very accurate the image they have of me the image of me which they have devotee: n. a person strongly devoted to something or someone热爱者;献身于的人 e.g. He is a devotee of sports体育爱好者 Ever since he went to his first baseball game, Bob has been a devotee of baseball out of focus: not sharply defined焦点没对准的;模糊的 e.g. The children,s faces were badly out of focus in the photograph Though I,ve known him for several years, his personality is still a bit out of focus to me 2. I hated compulsory education with a passion--I strongly objected to required education compulsory:a. required by law or a rule义务的;强制的 e.g. Education is compulsory for all children in this nation subjects必修科目 compulsory service system义务兵役制 passion:n. strong,deep, often uncontrollable feeling热情;激情 e.g. He argued with great passion She has a pa The teacher flew into a passion when he found some students had cheated on the exam 3. while the fish were biting-- when it was time to play The sentence involves a form of rhetoric, or a figure of speech, using something specific to refer to a series of things in general or a general situation with which it is associated. Here"the fish were biting "is used to refer to the pastime of "going fishing, or more generally, to all No 4: On my holiday, I was lucky enough to witness some wild seals feeding on fish, I took several photos of them, but unfortunately they were all out of focus No6: It is a complete misconception that the poor do not need compulsory education because they do not even have enough to feed on. But without education, how can people ever overcome their 1. Cupid aimed his arrow and struck me right in the heart. --I fell in love 2.. if only to gaze at the lovely face in English IL.--. even if the only purpose was to get a long look at the lovely face of the girl in the class of English ll. if only--(used to introduce what one thinks a fairly good reason for doing something, although one realizes it may not be a very good reason) even if the only reason is……哪怕只是为 了 e.g. I think you should get a job if only to stop yourself getting so bored at home Ask students to do exx Para. 4 1. and that year I ground up enough pencils to fuel a campfire.--. and that year I ground up lots and lots of pencils A campfire is an outdoor fire made of a pile of firewood. Since the girl was sitting near the
2 enthusiastic reader and a hard-working student -- was somehow not very accurate. the image they have of me: the image of me which they have devotee: n. a person strongly devoted to something or someone 热爱…者；献身于…的人 e.g. He is a devotee of sports.体育爱好者 Ever since he went to his first baseball game, Bob has been a devotee of baseball. out of focus: not sharply defined 焦点没对准的; 模糊的 e.g. The children's faces were badly out of focus in the photograph. Though I've known him for several years, his personality is still a bit out of focus to me. 2. I hated compulsory education with a passion -- I strongly objected to required education compulsory: a. required by law or a rule 义务的；强制的 e.g. Education is compulsory for all children in this nation. compulsory subjects 必修科目 compulsory education compulsory service system 义务兵役制 passion: n. strong, deep, often uncontrollable feeling 热情；激情 e.g. He argued with great passion. She has a passion for music. The teacher flew into a passion when he found some students had cheated on the exam. 3. while the fish were biting -- when it was time to play The sentence involves a form of rhetoric, or a figure of speech, using something specific to refer to a series of things in general or a general situation with which it is associated. Here "the fish were biting” is used to refer to the pastime of “going fishing”, or more generally, to all pastimes. Translation: No.4: On my holiday, I was lucky enough to witness some wild seals feeding on fish, I took several photos of them, but unfortunately they were all out of focus. No.6: It is a complete misconception that the poor do not need compulsory education because they do not even have enough to feed on. But without education, how can people ever overcome their poverty? Para.3 1. Cupid aimed his arrow and struck me right in the heart. -- I fell in love. 2. ... if only to gaze at the lovely face in English II. -- ... even if the only purpose was to get a long look at the lovely face of the girl in the class of English II. if only -- (used to introduce what one thinks a fairly good reason for doing something, although one realizes it may not be a very good reason) even if the only reason is ...... 哪怕只是为 了 ...... e.g. I think you should get a job if only to stop yourself getting so bored at home. Ask students to do Ex. X Para.4 1. ... and that year I ground up enough pencils to fuel a campfire. -- ... and that year I ground up lots and lots of pencils. A campfire is an outdoor fire made of a pile of firewood. Since the girl was sitting near the
encil-sharpener, the best excuse he could invent for going over and talking to her was, of course, to sharpen a pencil. He went over on the excuse so often during that year that the wood from the pencils he ground up was enough to make a campfire 2. Debbie was far bevond my wildest dreams - Debbie was even more excellent than I could beyond one's wildest dreams: (in a way that is)better than what one expected or hoped for u 过某人所期望的(地),出乎某人意料的(地) e.g. The salary was beyond my wildest dreams The library was enlarged and enriched beyond our wildest dreams 3. We were separated not only by five rows of desks, but by about 50 L.Q. points There was a distance between us, not only in the five rows of desks between her seat and mine but also in the difference of l.Q. points--my I.Q. was 50 points lower than hers 4. the apple of sb. 's eye: a person or thing that is the main object of sb ' s love and attention A 的掌上明珠;宝贝 e.g. Alice is the apple of her parents' eye The girls in the class were rather hostile to Jenny simply because she was the apple of their teacher's eye Para.5 1..flash a smile that radiated intelligence and quickened my heartbeat. --.give a brief smile which showed intelligence and made me feel excited flash: communicate or display at great spe e.g. flash a glance [a look, one's eyes] at用眼瞟一下;看一眼 flash a message on the screen屏幕上闪出一则消息 radiate --V. send out rays of (light or heat); (fig )give forth a feeling of e.g. The engine was so hot that we could feel the heat radiating Her face radiates confidence quicken:v.( cause to) speed up加快 e.g. My heartbeat quickened as I walked into the room for the interview The jogger quickened his pace as he went down the hill. 2. intellectual gulf--difference in mental ability ulf--n. area of division or difference, esp between opinions e.g. There is a widening gulf between the middle classes and the poorest sections of society It is hoped that the peace plan will bridge the gulf between the government and the rebels Para.6 1. I schemed desperately to bridge that gulf. -I made a desperate plan to narrow that difference heme: V. make plans(for), plan in a deceitful way计划;谋划 n.1. a formal, official or business plan计划,规划 2. a clever, dishonest plan阴谋,诡计 e.g. Behind the scenes, a small group was scheming to remove the chairman from office The government's Youth Training Scheme soon ran into difficulties The criminal was planning a scheme to rob the bank
3 pencil-sharpener, the best excuse he could invent for going over and talking to her was, of course, to sharpen a pencil. He went over on the excuse so often during that year that the wood from the pencils he ground up was enough to make a campfire. 2. Debbie was far beyond my wildest dreams. -- Debbie was even more excellent than I could have imagined. beyond one’s wildest dreams: (in a way that is) better than what one expected or hoped for 超 过某人所期望的(地); 出乎某人意料的(地) e.g. The salary was beyond my wildest dreams. The library was enlarged and enriched beyond our wildest dreams. 3. We were separated not only by five rows of desks, but by about 50 I.Q. points. -- There was a distance between us, not only in the five rows of desks between her seat and mine, but also in the difference of I.Q. points -- my I.Q. was 50 points lower than hers. 4. the apple of sb.’s eye: a person or thing that is the main object of sb.'s love and attention 某人 的掌上明珠; 宝贝 e.g. Alice is the apple of her parents' eye. The girls in the class were rather hostile to Jenny simply because she was the apple of their teacher's eye. Para.5 1. ... flash a smile that radiated intelligence and quickened my heartbeat. -- ... give a brief smile which showed intelligence and made me feel excited. flash: communicate or display at great speed e.g. flash a glance [a look, one's eyes] at 用眼瞟一下; 看一眼 flash a message on the screen 屏幕上闪出一则消息 radiate -- v. send out rays of (light or heat); (fig.) give forth a feeling of e.g. The engine was so hot that we could feel the heat radiating. Her face radiates confidence. quicken: v. (cause to) speed up 加快 e.g. My heartbeat quickened as I walked into the room for the interview. The jogger quickened his pace as he went down the hill. 2. intellectual gulf -- difference in mental ability gulf -- n. area of division or difference, esp. between opinions e.g. There is a widening gulf between the middle classes and the poorest sections of society. It is hoped that the peace plan will bridge the gulf between the government and the rebels. Para.6 1. I schemed desperately to bridge that gulf. -- I made a desperate plan to narrow that difference (between us). scheme: v. make plans (for); plan in a deceitful way 计划；谋划 n. 1. a formal, official or business plan 计划，规划 2. a clever, dishonest plan 阴谋，诡计 e.g. Behind the scenes, a small group was scheming to remove the chairman from office. The government's Youth Training Scheme soon ran into difficulties. The criminal was planning a scheme to rob the bank
2. offer--vt. make available, place(goods)on sale e.g. He offered me his car for 80,000 The store offers a large variety of goods 1. I purchased Volume I- Aardvark to Asteroid -- and began my venture into the world of knowledge .--I bought Volume I which included entries from Aardvark to Asteroid and began my uncertain exploration into the world of knowledge A venture is a plan of action, esp. in business, which is new and might be difficult and so involves uncertainty or the risk of failure e.g. She had three divorces and this is her fourth matrimonial(W J)venture are looking abroad for more profitable business ventures 2. I would become Chief Brain in English Il and sweep my princess off her feet with a surge oi eru on.--I would become the most intelligent person in English Il, and would impress her and make her feel attracted to me with a sudden and great increase in my learning surge:a sudden increase in the strength of a feeling e.g. a surge of desire a surge of pity油然而生的怜悯之 audition n learning acquired by reading and study t erudition It needs no great erudition to deliver a speech like that Translation No. 2: Seeing his daughter graduate from high school, he felt a surge of love and pride that he couldnt express in word No. 3: Last year when Mr. Li began his first venture into the stock market, becoming a millionaire was beyond his wildest dreams ara. 8-13 1. I breathed a sigh of relief.--I took a long deep breath and was happy that she didn't know relief:n. feeling of comfort at the end of anxiety,fear, or pain(焦虑等的)解除;宽慰 e.g. This medicine will give a little relief. It was a great relief to me when I heard he was safe relief also refers to money, clothing, food and other aid that is made available to help poor e.g. Our church sent relief to the victims of the earthquake 2. . .so that I could get all the facts in before we reached the cash register. -. so that I could tell her all that i had learned about the anchovy within the few moments that we were waiting in get sth. in: manage to say sth about a subject设法说完 e.g. I'll get my suggestion in at the start of the meeting I finally managed to get a word in(插话
4 2. offer -- vt. make available; place (goods) on sale e.g. He offered me his car for ￥80,000. The store offers a large variety of goods. Para.7 1. I purchased Volume I -- Aardvark to Asteroid -- and began my venture into the world of knowledge. -- I bought Volume I which included entries from Aardvark to Asteroid and began my uncertain exploration into the world of knowledge. A venture is a plan of action, esp. in business, which is new and might be difficult and so involves uncertainty or the risk of failure. e.g. She had three divorces and this is her fourth matrimonial（婚姻的）venture. We are looking abroad for more profitable business ventures. 2. I would become Chief Brain in English II and sweep my princess off her feet with a surge of erudition. -- I would become the most intelligent person in English II, and would impress her and make her feel attracted to me with a sudden and great increase in my learning. surge: a sudden increase in the strength of a feeling e.g. a surge of desire a surge of anxiety a surge of pity 油然而生的怜悯之心 erudition n. learning acquired by reading and study 博学 e.g. He possesses a considerable legal erudition. It needs no great erudition to deliver a speech like that. Translation: No.2: Seeing his daughter graduate from high school, he felt a surge of love and pride that he couldn’t express in words. No.3: Last year when Mr. Li began his first venture into the stock market, becoming a millionaire was beyond his wildest dreams. Para.8-13 1. I breathed a sigh of relief. -- I took a long deep breath and was happy that she didn't know. relief : n. feeling of comfort at the end of anxiety, fear, or pain (焦虑等的)解除；宽慰 e.g. This medicine will give a little relief. It was a great relief to me when I heard he was safe. relief also refers to money, clothing, food and other aid that is made available to help poor people or people who are victims of a disaster. e.g. Our church sent relief to the victims of the earthquake. The flooded city requested relief from the federal government. 2. ... so that I could get all the facts in before we reached the cash register. -- ... so that I could tell her all that I had learned about the anchovy within the few moments that we were waiting in a line to pay for our food. get sth. in: manage to say sth. about a subject 设法说完 e.g. I'll get my suggestion in at the start of the meeting. I finally managed to get a word in（插话
Para. 14-21 1 fire drill A fire drill is the practising of the set of actions to be performed to leave a burning place such ly when it is on fire. Fire drills are practised regularly by pupils in a school, workers in a factory, etc 2. casually:ad. in a relaxed way随便地; not formally漫不经心地 e.g. She was dressed casually in shorts and a T-shirt How would you kill someone, doctor? " the woman asked casually. (= as if it was not a rious matter.) 3. "Why not? "said Debbie, playing right into my hands. -"Why would you certainly not want to live there? " said Debbie, asking the exact question I needed to show off what I knew about the Aleutian islands play into sb. s hands: do something which gives sb. an advantage干对(某人)有利的事 e.g. In the basketball game, Jerrys foul (3E#d)played right into the opponents hands 4. group-group of islands 5. file into the building -- walk into the building one behind another in a line file into: enter in a single line鱼贯进入 e.g. The cars filed into the parking lot. The jury filed into the courtroom 6. step it up to get the natives in- say it more quickly in order to have time to talk about the natIves step up:(infm) increase the size or speed of(非正式)加快;增加 e.g. The police are stepping up their efforts to fight crime The pace of the reforms is being stepped up Para.22-26 1. browse :v. casually look or search, e.g in a shop, in a library, at a book, etc, with no specific aim or object in mind浏览 e.g. browse through the newspaper浏览一下报纸 2. frown: vi contract the brows, as in displeasure or deep thought JE e.g. The teacher frowned at the noisy class She frowned when the sun got in her eyes 3. apparently stumped on a word --obviously puzzled by a word stump: vt. put an unanswerable question to, puzzle把.难住;使为难 Stump as a verb that means“ puzzle” has its origin in the stumps(树桩) that American settlers had to pull from the earth after felling trees- some stumps were so big and deep-rooted that the didn ' t know what to do. They stumped the e.g. The question has stumped philosophers since the beginning of time We're all completely stumped -we can't work out how he escaped 4. Try amah, " I said, quick as a flash.--"Try the word amah to see if it is correct, I said kly or suddenly 5. And so it went, that glorious, joyous, romantic sophomore year.--And in this way that
5 Para.14-21 1. fire drill A fire drill is the practising of the set of actions to be performed to leave a burning place such as an office, factory or school safely when it is on fire. Fire drills are practised regularly by pupils in a school, workers in a factory, etc. 2. casually : ad. in a relaxed way 随便地； not formally 漫不经心地 e.g. She was dressed casually in shorts and a T–shirt. “How would you kill someone, doctor?” the woman asked casually. (= as if it was not a serious matter.) 3. “Why not?” said Debbie, playing right into my hands. --“Why would you certainly not want to live there?” said Debbie, asking the exact question I needed to show off what I knew about the Aleutian Islands. play into sb.’s hands: do something which gives sb. an advantage 干对(某人)有利的事 e.g. In the basketball game, Jerry's foul (犯规) played right into the opponents' hands. 4. group -- group of islands 5. file into the building -- walk into the building one behind another in a line file into : enter in a single line 鱼贯进入 e.g. The cars filed into the parking lot. The jury filed into the courtroom. 6. step it up to get the natives in -- say it more quickly in order to have time to talk about the natives step up : (infml) increase the size or speed of (非正式) 加快; 增加 e.g. The police are stepping up their efforts to fight crime. The pace of the reforms is being stepped up. Para.22-26 1. browse: v. casually look or search, e.g. in a shop, in a library, at a book, etc., with no specific aim or object in mind 浏览 e.g. browse through the newspaper 浏览一下报纸 2. frown: vi. contract the brows, as in displeasure or deep thought 皱眉 e.g. The teacher frowned at the noisy class. She frowned when the sun got in her eyes. 3. apparently stumped on a word -- obviously puzzled by a word stump: vt. put an unanswerable question to; puzzle 把…难住；使为难 Stump as a verb that means “puzzle” has its origin in the stumps（树桩）that American settlers had to pull from the earth after felling trees – some stumps were so big and deep-rooted that the pioneers didn't know what to do. They stumped them. e.g. The question has stumped philosophers since the beginning of time. We're all completely stumped – we can't work out how he escaped. 4. “Try amah,” I said, quick as a flash. -- “Try the word amah to see if it is correct,” I said, without a moment’s thought. quick as a flash -- very quickly or suddenly 5. And so it went, that glorious, joyous, romantic sophomore year. -- And in this way that glorious, joyous, romantic second year passed