Unit four Section A: Five Famous Symbols of American Culture ●warm- up activities: 1. What are the symbols of American Culture that you have heard about? 2. What can you imagine to be the reasons why the Statue of Liberty was built? 3. What else can you say about the symbols of American culture and Chinese culture? o Background Information Barbie doll Uncle sam American gothic Bufalo Nickel Text Structure Analysis Five symbols of American culture 1 The statue of Liberty(Para. 1-4) 2: Who created the Statue of liberty and what was he? When? What is the purpose to create the statue? What do we know about the creator? How did he create the Statue of liberty? When did the creator finish the statue? how did he like the statue 2) Barbie Doll(Para.5-10) 0: Who created Barbie Doll? How was Barbie Doll created? How do people feel about Barbie? 3)American Gothic(Para. 11-14) 2: Why is American Gothic so famous around the United States? How do people feel about this painting? 4 The Buffalo Nickel(Para. 15-18) 0: What do we know about American coins? Who created the Buffalo nickel? How and why was the buffalo nickel created?
Unit Four Section A: Five Famous Symbols of American Culture ⚫ Warm-up Activities: 1. What are the symbols of American Culture that you have heard about? 2. What can you imagine to be the reasons why the Statue of Liberty was built? 3. What else can you say about the symbols of American culture and Chinese culture? ⚫ Background Information Barbie Doll Uncle Sam American Gothic Buffalo Nickel ⚫ Text Structure Analysis Five symbols of American culture: 1) The Statue of Liberty (Para. 1-4) Q: Who created the Statue of Liberty and what was he? When? What is the purpose to create the statue? What do we know about the creator? How did he create the Statue of Liberty? When did the creator finish the statue? How did he like the statue? 2) Barbie Doll (Para.5-10) Q: Who created Barbie Doll? How was Barbie Doll created? How do people feel about Barbie? 3) American Gothic (Para. 11-14) Q: Why is American Gothic so famous around the United States? How do people feel about this painting? 4) The Buffalo Nickel (Para. 15-18) Q: What do we know about American coins? Who created the Buffalo nickel? How and why was the Buffalo nickel created?
5)Uncle sam Para19-22) 2: What is the origin of Uncle Sam? How did the portrait of Uncle Sam come to be known? (Game: Draw a political cartoon of Uncle sam) Writing skilll: Time order时间顺序 叙述文、说明文往往可以按时间顺序组织文章。它是按事件发生、发展的时间先后顺 序来编排细节的表达方式。时间过渡词是连接各事件,使其逻辑连贯的关键。写作中, 往往会出现以下现象: I got up. I brushed my teeth. I had my breakfast.”描述平淡无味, 重复过多,缺少层次,不妨改为:“ After I got up and brushed my teeth, I had my breakfast 用好过渡词是学生练习写作的重要部分 时间过渡词有:frst, second, after that,now,next,then, finally, the minute, as soon as,no sooner.than, later on, afterward, years ago, earlier, before, meanwhile, as, immediately, while, thereafter, in the past, former, latter, not).until, etc See sample composition in Structured Writing(Unit 4, Book 3) o Tell a story in time order by completing the following paragraph with given words. on New Years Eve during the Spring Festival days before the New year in the evening (1),peoplebecomebusyshoppingandcleaningtherhousesforthe celebration of the festival.(2) many people decorate their houses every family has its big reunion d inner and many stay up late for the coming of the new year. (4) clothes and new shoes. Young people go to greet their elders, wishing them good luck and good health, and (5) the elders usually give them red packets stuffed with" lucky money people meet their relatives and friends. They greet one another with good luck 1. Days before the New year 2. On New Y ear's Eve 3. In the evening 4. On New Year's Day 5. then 6. During the Spring Festival ● Word study 1. liberty n.l.[U] freedom from captivity, slavery or oppressive control自由、自由权 They gave their children a great deal of liberty.他们给孩子很大自由 -The prisoner was given his liberty and allowed to leave the prison 这个犯人获得了自由,被释放出狱 2.[C,U](fml) the right or permission to do or use sth许可、淮许 You are at liberty to say what you like.你尽可畅所欲言 3. [C] speech or behavior that lacks respect or does not follow what is thought to be polite 放肆,无礼,冒昧行为 I took the liberty of borrowing your lawn-mower while you were away 你不在的时候我擅自借用了你的除草机 She told him to stop taking liberties, i.e. treating her with too much familiarit 她告诉他不要太随便了(对她过分亲昵) 2. alliance n. [C, U] a group of counties, political parties or people who have agreed to work
5) Uncle Sam ( Para.19-22) Q: What is the origin of Uncle Sam? How did the portrait of Uncle Sam come to be known? (Game: Draw a political cartoon of Uncle Sam) ⚫ Writing Skill: Time Order 时间顺序 叙述文、说明文往往可以按时间顺序组织文章。它是按事件发生、发展的时间先后顺 序来编排细节的表达方式。时间过渡词是连接各事件，使其逻辑连贯的关键。写作中， 往往会出现以下现象：“I got up. I brushed my teeth. I had my breakfast…” 描述平淡无味， 重复过多, 缺少层次，不妨改为：“After I got up and brushed my teeth, I had my breakfast.” 用好过渡词是学生练习写作的重要部分。 时间过渡词有：first, second, after that, now, next, then, finally, the minute, as soon as, no sooner…than, later on, afterward, years ago, earlier, before, meanwhile, as, immediately, while, thereafter, in the past, former, latter, ( not ) ...until, etc. See sample composition in Structured Writing (Unit4, Book 3) ⚫ Tell a story in time order by completing the following paragraph with given words. on New Year’s Day on New Year’s Eve during the Spring Festival days before the New year in the evening then (1)________________ , people become busy shopping and cleaning their houses for the celebration of the festival. (2)________________ , many people decorate their houses. (3)______________, every family has its big reunion dinner and many stay up late for the coming of the new year. (4)_____________________, people usually go up early, put on new clothes and new shoes. Young people go to greet their elders, wishing them good luck and good health, and (5)_______ the elders usually give them red packets stuffed with “lucky money”. (6)________________, people meet their relatives and friends. They greet one another with good luck. 1. Days before the New Year 2. On New Year’s Eve 3. In the evening 4. On New Year’s Day 5. then 6. During the Spring Festival ⚫ Word Study 1. liberty n. 1. [U]freedom from captivity, slavery or oppressive control 自由、自由权 ---They gave their children a great deal of liberty. 他们给孩子很大自由. ---The prisoner was given his liberty and allowed to leave the prison. 这个犯人获得了自由，被释放出狱。 2. [C，U]（fml.）the right or permission to do or use sth.许可、准许 ---You are at liberty to say what you like. 你尽可畅所欲言. 3. [C] speech or behavior that lacks respect or does not follow what is thought to be polite 放肆,无礼, 冒昧行为 ---I took the liberty of borrowing your lawn-mower while you were away. 你不在的时候我擅自借用了你的除草机. ---She told him to stop taking liberties, i.e. treating her with too much familiarity. 她告诉他不要太随便了(对她过分亲昵). 2. alliance n. [C,U] a group of counties, political parties or people who have agreed to work
together because of the same interests or aims同盟,联盟 States seek to become stronger through alliance.各国力求通过结盟而更加强大 We are working in alliance with our foreign partners我们与外国合伙人联合工作 ally v.与(某人,某事物)结盟,联盟或联姻 Britain has allied itself with other western powers for trade and defence 英国与其他西方强国结成了贸易及防御联盟 3. approve vI say, show or feel that sth. is good赞成,称许 She doesnt want to take her new boy-friend home in case her parents don t approve of him.她不愿把新男友带回家,生怕父母看不中他 I approve of your trying to earn some money, but please dont neglect your studies 我同意你去挣些钱可是请不要耽误了功课 vt. accept, permit or officially agree to(sth)批准,同意 The minutes of the last meeting were approved.上次会议纪录已经获得通过 The aud itors approved the company's accounts.审计员核准了公司的账目 approval n.赞成认可,同意,满意 Do the plans meet with your approval?这些计划你赞成吗? disapprove v.不赞成,反对 She wants to be an actress, but her parents disapprove ofher intentions 她想当演员,但她父母不赞成 .Animal conservationists disapprove of experimenting on animals 动物保护主义者不赞成用动物做试验 4. affection n.1.[UC] feeling of fond ness喜爱 -He felt great affection for her sister:他很疼他的妹妹 The old king was held in great affection.年老的国王极受爱戴 2.(pl)love爱情,爱慕之心 - I tried to win her affections.我尽力讨她的欢心 5. assemble vt.l. fit together( the parts of sth)组装装配 The bookcase can easily be assembled with a screwdriver 这书柜用一把螺丝刀就可以容易地安装起来 2. come together, collect(使)集合,(使)聚集 - The whole school assembled in the main hall全校在大礼堂集合 ---All the people assembled at Marys house 所有的人都聚集在玛丽的屋子里。 assembly n.1.集合机会,参加集会的人们 The national assembly has met to discuss the crisis.国民大会已对危机进行了讨论 Morning assembly is held in the school hall晨会在学校礼堂举行 2.装配安装 The assembly of cars is often done by machines.汽车常由机器装配 Each component is carefully checked before assembly 每个零件在装配前都经过仔细检查 6. exaggerate v.make( (sth )seem larger; more mportant, better or worse than it really is夸张,夸大 He always exaggerates to make his stories more amusing 他总爱添枝加叶把故事讲得更有趣 That dress exaggerates her height.她穿那件连衣裙显得高了 7. version n. 1. [C]a thing which is based on sth. else but which has some details that are
together because of the same interests or aims 同盟, 联盟 ----States seek to become stronger through alliance. 各国力求通过结盟而更加强大 ---We are working in alliance with our foreign partners.我们与外国合伙人联合工作 ally v. 与(某人,某事物)结盟,联盟或联姻 ----Britain has allied itself with other western powers for trade and defence. 英国与其他西方强国结成了贸易及防御联盟. 3. approve vi. say, show or feel that sth. is good 赞成,称许 ---She doesn’t want to take her new boy-friend home in case her parents don’t approve of him. 她不愿把新男友带回家, 生怕父母看不中他. ---I approve of your trying to earn some money, but please don’t neglect your studies. 我同意你去挣些钱,可是请不要耽误了功课 vt. accept, permit or officially agree to (sth.) 批准,同意 ---The minutes of the last meeting were approved. 上次会议纪录已经获得通过 ---The auditors approved the company’s accounts. 审计员核准了公司的账目 approval n. 赞成,认可,同意,满意 ---Do the plans meet with your approval? 这些计划你赞成吗? disapprove v. 不赞成,反对 ---She wants to be an actress, but her parents disapprove of her intentions. 她想当演员,但她父母不赞成 ---Animal conservationists disapprove of experimenting on animals. 动物保护主义者不赞成用动物做试验。 4. affection n. 1. [U,C] feeling of fondness 喜爱 ---He felt great affection for her sister. 他很疼他的妹妹 ---The old king was held in great affection. 年老的国王极受爱戴 2. (pl.)love 爱情, 爱慕之心 ---I tried to win her affections. 我尽力讨她的欢心. 5. assemble vt. 1. fit together( the parts of sth.) 组装,装配 ---The bookcase can easily be assembled with a screwdriver. 这书柜用一把螺丝刀就可以容易地安装起来. 2. come together, collect (使)集合, (使) 聚集 ---The whole school assembled in the main hall. 全校在大礼堂集合 ---All the people assembled at Mary's house. 所有的人都聚集在玛丽的屋子里。 assembly n. 1. 集合,机会,参加集会的人们 ---The national assembly has met to discuss the crisis. 国民大会已对危机进行了讨论 ---Morning assembly is held in the school hall. 晨会在学校礼堂举行 2. 装配,安装 ---The assembly of cars is often done by machines. 汽车常由机器装配 ---Each component is carefully checked before assembly. 每个零件在装配前都经过仔细检查 6. exaggerate v. make(sth.)seem larger, more important, better or worse than it really is 夸张,夸大 ---He always exaggerates to make his stories more amusing. 他总爱添枝加叶,把故事讲得更有趣. ---That dress exaggerates her height. 她穿那件连衣裙显得高了 7. version n. 1.[C]a thing which is based on sth. else but which has some details that are
different版本版号 the original version of the play该话剧的原版 the film version of Jane eyre《简爱》电影版 - an illustrated version of the poems这些诗的插图版本 2.[C] an account of an event,etc. from the point of view of one person叙述,说法 There were contradictory versions of what happened.对于发生的事说法相互矛盾 i have heard two versions of the accident.我已经听到关于这个事故的两种说法了。 8. universal a.1. concerning all members of a group全体的,致的,普遍的 Television provides universal entertainment.电视提供的是大众的娱乐 War causes universal misery.战争给所有人带来苦难 2.(done, found,etc.) ) in all parts of the world宇宙的,全世界的 - He made a universal travel before he went in hospital!他进医院之前做了一次全球旅行 9. interpretation n.l.UC] an explanation or understand ing of sth.解释,说明,描述 - hese facts may be given many possible interpretations.这些事实可作多种解释 What interpretation would you place on them?你对这些作何解释? 2. [U, C] making clear or bringing out the meaning of (a character, music, etc. (表演、演奏的)艺术处理,演绎 10. solemn a. 1. made, done, etc. seriously; having a sense of religious- like importance 庄严的,肃穆的 The solemn statement of the central government on this issue was featured in full in the newspapers各报全文刊登了中央政府对这个问题的庄严声明。 2. serious-looking, grave严肃的 ---He looked so solemn that we stopped talking and waited for his speech 他看起来是那么严肃,以至于我们停止交谈,听他说 Her solemn face told them that the news was bad.她严肃的表情告诉他们那是坏消息 11. inspire vt 1. give sb. a feeling of wanting and being able to do sth. good, create a work of art,etc.给以灵感 ---His noble example inspired the rest of us to greater efforts 他那高尚的榜样激发我们大家更加努力 The Lake District scenery inspired Wordsworth to write his greatest poetr 英格兰湖区的美景给了华兹华斯灵感而创作出他最伟大的诗篇 2. fill sb. with confidence or eagerness, esp. so that they feel they can achieve sth difficult or special鼓舞,激励 I was inspired to work harder than ever before 我受激励比以往任何时候都更加努力地工作 Our first sight of the dingy little hotel did not inspire us with much confidence 我们一见到那旅店昏暗肮脏,心里就很不痛快 12. grave a.1. of people) sad or serious(指人)表情严肃的端庄的 His face was grave as he told them about the bankruptc of his business 他把他的商行破产的事告诉他们时脸色十分凝重。 ybad严重的 This could have grave consequences.这会造成严重后果 There is a grave risk of flooding有闹水灾的极大危险 n [C]a place where a dead person is buried, esp. when under the ground and marked by a stone坟墓,墓穴 - You cant go out dressed like that. It's enough to make your grandmother turn in her
different 版本,版号 ---the original version of the play 该话剧的原版 ---the film version of Jane Eyre 《简爱》电影版 ---an illustrated version of the poems 这些诗的插图版本 2. [C] an account of an event, etc. from the point of view of one person 叙述,说法 ---There were contradictory versions of what happened. 对于发生的事说法相互矛盾 ---I have heard two versions of the accident.我已经听到关于这个事故的两种说法了。 8. universal a. 1. concerning all members of a group 全体的,一致的,普遍的 ---Television provides universal entertainment. 电视提供的是大众的娱乐 ---War causes universal misery. 战争给所有人带来苦难 2. (done, found, etc.) in all parts of the world 宇宙的, 全世界的 ---He made a universal travel before he went in hospital. 他进医院之前做了一次全球旅行 9. interpretation n. 1. [U,C] an explanation or understanding of sth. 解释,说明, 描述 ---These facts may be given many possible interpretations.这些事实可作多种解释 ---What interpretation would you place on them? 你对这些作何解释? 2. [U,C] making clear or bringing out the meaning of (a character, music, etc.) （表演、演奏的）艺术处理，演绎 10. solemn a. 1. made, done, etc. seriously; having a sense of religious-like importance 庄严的, 肃穆的 ---The solemn statement of the central government on this issue was featured in full in the newspapers.各报全文刊登了中央政府对这个问题的庄严声明。 2. serious-looking; grave 严肃的 ---He looked so solemn that we stopped talking and waited for his speech. 他看起来是那么严肃, 以至于我们停止交谈, 听他说 ---Her solemn face told them that the news was bad. 她严肃的表情告诉他们那是坏消息 11. inspire vt.1. give sb. a feeling of wanting and being able to do sth. good, create a work of art, etc. 给……以灵感 ---His noble example inspired the rest of us to greater efforts. 他那高尚的榜样激发我们大家更加努力 ---The Lake District scenery inspired Wordsworth to write his greatest poetry. 英格兰湖区的美景给了华兹华斯灵感而创作出他最伟大的诗篇. 2. fill sb. with confidence or eagerness, esp. so that they feel they can achieve sth. difficult or special 鼓舞, 激励 ---I was inspired to work harder than ever before. 我受激励比以往任何时候都更加努力地工作。 ---Our first sight of the dingy little hotel did not inspire us with much confidence. 我们一见到那旅店昏暗肮脏, 心里就很不痛快. 12. grave a. 1. (of people) sad or serious (指人)表情严肃的,端庄的 ---His face was grave as he told them about the bankruptc of his business. 他把他的商行破产的事告诉他们时脸色十分凝重。 2. seriously bad 严重的 ---This could have grave consequences. 这会造成严重后果. ---There is a grave risk of flooding.有闹水灾的极大危险. n. [C] a place where a dead person is buried, esp. when under the ground and marked by a stone 坟墓,墓穴 ---You can’t go out dressed like that. It’s enough to make your grandmother turn in her
!你别穿戴成这样出去,那会让你祖母躺在坟墓里也不得安宁 13. alongside prep. Beside; together with在.旁边;和 - he car drew up alongside the kerb.小汽车在路边停下来 The dog sat alongside its master:狗坐在主人旁边 ad. along the side在旁边,并排地 He returned, find ing a boat mooring alongside.回来时他发现有条小船停靠在一旁 14. stretch vt.1. make sth. longer, wider or tighter by pulling拉长,拉紧,伸展 . The hat is small for John. so he stretched it to fit his head 这顶帽子对于约翰来说小了,于是他把帽子撑一撑以便戴着合适. In some tropical regions small boats used to be made of skins stretched over a wooden frame过去有些热带地区小船是用兽皮绷在一个木头框子上造成的。 2. cause to go as far as possible or beyond the usual limit使尽全力,到(超过)…的极限 You can' t stretch the rules to suit yourself你不能为你自己而牵强附会解释这些规章 - He stretched the truth by say ing he achieved great success in the U. S 他说自己在美国很成功的说法其实是言过其实了 3. extend and thrust out伸展,伸长(身体或四肢) - -He stretched his legs in front of him他往前伸腿。 - I stretched out my hand towards the book.我把手伸向这本书。 vi( a piece of land or water,etc) spread over a large area or distance扩展,延伸,延续 The road stretched across the desert into the d istance这条路穿过沙漠伸向远方 The ocean stretched as far as they could see on all sides 海洋十分辽阔,他们极目远眺,一望无际 15. settlement n. 1. [U] the movement of a new population into a place to live there 殖民,移民,拓居 The gradual settlement of the American west led to development of its economy 逐渐向西部开拓的殖民过程带来了经济的发展 The settlement of Africa by white people started 500 years ago 由白人进行的向非洲移民开始于500年前 2.[C, U] an agreement, usu. official, that ends an argument; the act of reaching agreement解决,协议 The strikers reached a settlement with the employers罢工的人已同雇主达成协议 16. frontier n. 1. C] the border between two countries, or(esp. in the past in the us)the border between cultivated land where people live and wild land边境边界,边远地区 (Brt) frontier--US) border两国边界 2.[C](usu.pl) the border between what is known and what is not known前沿新领域 --The frontiers of medical knowledge are being pushed farther outwards as time goes on 医学知识的新领域正随着时间向前推进 17. herd n[C] a large group of animals of the same type that live and feed together兽群,牧群 a herd of elephants一群大象(cf. a flock of birds,shep/ a school of fish,etc) t. move or drive forward as a herd in a certain direction使集中在一起,赶在一起 The prisoners were herded onto the train.一群犯人被驱赶着押送上了火车 The farmer herded the cows into his cowshed农民把牛群赶到自己的牛棚里 18. inspect vt. 1. look at sth closely or in great detail F.. The customs officer inspected my passport suspiciously 海关官员颇为怀疑地检查了我的护照 He inspected the car before he bought it他买这辆车之前仔细检查了一下
grave! 你别穿戴成这样出去, 那会让你祖母躺在坟墓里也不得安宁. 13. alongside prep. Beside; together with 在……旁边;和……一起 ---The car drew up alongside the kerb. 小汽车在路边停下来 ---The dog sat alongside its master. 狗坐在主人旁边 ad. along the side 在旁边, 并排地 ---He returned, finding a boat mooring alongside. 回来时,他发现有条小船停靠在一旁 14. stretch vt. 1. make sth. longer, wider or tighter by pulling 拉长,拉紧,伸展 ---The hat is small for John, so he stretched it to fit his head. 这顶帽子对于约翰来说小了, 于是他把帽子撑一撑以便戴着合适. ---In some tropical regions small boats used to be made of skins stretched over a wooden frame.过去有些热带地区小船是用兽皮绷在一个木头框子上造成的。 2. cause to go as far as possible or beyond the usual limit 使尽全力, 到(超过)……的极限 ---You can’t stretch the rules to suit yourself. 你不能为你自己而牵强附会解释这些规章 ---He stretched the truth by saying he achieved great success in the U.S. 他说自己在美国很成功的说法其实是言过其实了. 3. extend and thrust out 伸展，伸长（身体或四肢） ---He stretched his legs in front of him.他往前伸腿。 ---I stretched out my hand towards the book. 我把手伸向这本书。 vi. ( a piece of land or water, etc.) spread over a large area or distance 扩展,延伸,延续 ---The road stretched across the desert into the distance.这条路穿过沙漠伸向远方 ---The ocean stretched as far as they could see on all sides. 海洋十分辽阔, 他们极目远眺, 一望无际 15. settlement n. 1. [U] the movement of a new population into a place to live there 殖民, 移民, 拓居 ---The gradual settlement of the American west led to development of its economy. 逐渐向西部开拓的殖民过程带来了经济的发展 ---The settlement of Africa by white people started 500 years ago. 由白人进行的向非洲移民开始于 500 年前 2.[C,U] an agreement, usu. official, that ends an argument; the act of reaching agreement 解决, 协议 ---The strikers reached a settlement with the employers.罢工的人已同雇主达成协议 16. frontier n. 1. [C] the border between two countries, or (esp. in the past in the US) the border between cultivated land where people live and wild land 边境,边界, 边远地区 (Brit.) frontier -------(US) border 两国边界 2. [C] (usu. pl.) the border between what is known and what is not known 前沿,新领域 ---The frontiers of medical knowledge are being pushed farther outwards as time goes on. 医学知识的新领域正随着时间向前推进。 17. herd n.[C] a large group of animals of the same type that live and feed together 兽群,牧群 ---a herd of elephants 一群大象 (c.f. a flock of birds, sheep/ a school of fish, etc) vt. move or drive forward as a herd in a certain direction 使集中在一起, 赶在一起 ---The prisoners were herded onto the train. 一群犯人被驱赶着押送上了火车 ---The farmer herded the cows into his cowshed.农民把牛群赶到自己的牛棚里 18. inspect vt. 1. look at sth. closely or in great detail 检查 ---The customs officer inspected my passport suspiciously. 海关官员颇为怀疑地检查了我的护照 ---He inspected the car before he bought it.他买这辆车之前仔细检查了一下