PA Surface G as phase of water Nonvolatile of solute Liquid phase
Gas phase Liquid phase Surface of water Nonvolatile of solute pA
manometer Water glucose solution constant temperature bath Vapor-Pressure Lowering of Solution
Water manometer glucose solution constant temperature bath Vapor-Pressure Lowering of Solution
Vapor-pressure lowering of a solvent is a colligative property equal to the vapor pressure of the pure solvent minus the vapor pressure of the solution ip=p 0 PA
Vapor-pressure lowering of a solvent is a colligative property equal to the vapor pressure of the pure solvent minus the vapor pressure of the solution. p = pA 0 - pA
2.2.3 Raoult's law Consider a solution of volatile solvent. A. and nonelectrolyte solute, B, which may be volatile or nonvolatile. According to Raoult's law, the partial pressure of solvent, PA, over a solution equals the vapor pressure of the pure solvent, PA, times the mole fraction of solvent, xA, in the solution. So PA PAXA Ap-pa 0-PA -PAPAXA-PA A
Consider a solution of volatile solvent, A, and nonelectrolyte solute, B, which may be volatile or nonvolatile. According to Raoult’s law, the partial pressure of solvent, pA , over a solution equals the vapor pressure of the pure solvent, PA 0 , times the mole fraction of solvent, xA , in the solution. So 2.2.3 Raoult’s law p = pA 0 - pA pA = pA 0 ·xA = pA 0 - pA 0 · xA= pA 0 (1- xA )
But the sum of the mole fractions of the components of a solution must equal 1; that is (xA+ XE SO (R=I-x. Therefore Ap=pa 0·xB From this equation, we can see that the vapor-pressure lowering is a colligative property--one that depends on the concentration but not on the nature of the solution
But the sum of the mole fractions of the components of a solution must equal 1 ; that is ( xA + xB = 1 ). So (xB = 1 – xA). Therefore, p = pA 0 · xB From this equation,we can see that the vapor-pressure lowering is a colligative property—one that depends on the concentration, but not on the nature, of the solution