Uniti Section A I. Background Knowledge 1. Virtual online education By definition, "virtual education"is the study of credit and non credit courses from world-wide remote sites that are neither bound by time or physical location. In essence, a student hooks up with other students and an instructor in both real and virtual time. Whether in a plane comfortably cruising at 33,000 feet, or at home, at any given moment a student can log into a virtual classroom. From desktop or laptop, e-mail assignments can be sent and received. Study, research, discovery and new knowledge are at a students fingertips. It is here that the students enthusiasm level is 2. U.S. Educational System In the United States completion of a twelve-year elementary-secondary program leads to a high school diploma. This diploma and/or an entrance examination provides the basis for admission of U.S. students to UWM. Those with adequate preparation and satisfactory academic records and/or test scores are admitted to a four-year program leading to a Bachelors degree. Applicants from other countries must have similar A Bachelor's degree in the United States is earned after a minimum of four years st-secondary study(sixteen years of education). International students who hold Bachelor's degrees earned with fewer years of preparation are advised to take additional upper level university work or graduate work before applying to a graduate program at UWM. In some cases the next higher degree from a student's home count will be required. Earning a U.S. Master's degree requires approximately two years of study beyond the Bachelor's degree Doctoral programs generally require from two to five years of study beyond the Masters degree. In the United States a bachelor's degree is considered"undergraduate, and a master's and doctoral level study is considered For additional general information about the U.S. application process and information specific to your country, please contact your local U.S. Embassy/U.S. Consulate or U.S Information Services for referral to the closest educational advisor Today, over 300,000 students non-U S residents are studying in the United States They come from almost every country in the world. As you might imagine, all students have their own educational goals. Therefore, it is important to understand the U.S educational system so that you select the right program for you 3. Levels of Education in the U.S he levels of education in the u.s. are similar to those in other countries but the differences can be confusing to non-US residents. Below are some definitions Primary Education: Pre-school: ages 2-6; Elementary School: ages 6-12. Secondary Education: Junior High School: ages 12-14; High School: ages 14-1 (note that everyone in the U.S. is required by law to attend until the age of 16. However, some students"drop-out"and do not complete their high school degree
1 Unit I Section A I. Background Knowledge 1.Virtual Online Education By definition, "virtual education" is the study of credit and non credit courses from world-wide remote sites that are neither bound by time or physical location. In essence, a student hooks up with other students and an instructor in both real and virtual time. Whether in a plane comfortably cruising at 33,000 feet, or at home, at any given moment a student can log into a virtual classroom. From desktop or laptop, e-mail assignments can be sent and received. Study, research, discovery and new knowledge are at a student’s fingertips. It is here that the student’s enthusiasm level is piqued. 2. U.S. Educational System In the United States completion of a twelve-year elementary-secondary program leads to a high school diploma. This diploma and/or an entrance examination provides the basis for admission of U.S. students to UWM. Those with adequate preparation and satisfactory academic records and/or test scores are admitted to a four-year program leading to a Bachelor's degree. Applicants from other countries must have similar backgrounds. A Bachelor's degree in the United States is earned after a minimum of four years of post-secondary study (sixteen years of education). International students who hold Bachelor's degrees earned with fewer years of preparation are advised to take additional upper level university work or graduate work before applying to a graduate program at UWM. In some cases the next higher degree from a student's home country will be required.Earning a U.S. Master's degree requires approximately two years of study beyond the Bachelor's degree. Doctoral programs generally require from two to five years of study beyond the Master's degree.In the United States a bachelor's degree is considered "undergraduate," and a master's and doctoral level study is considered "graduate." For additional general information about the U.S. application process and information specific to your country, please contact your local U.S. Embassy/U.S. Consulate or U.S. Information Services for referral to the closest educational advisor. Today, over 300,000 students non-U.S. residents are studying in the United States. They come from almost every country in the world. As you might imagine, all students have their own educational goals. Therefore, it is important to understand the U.S. educational system so that you select the right program for you. 3. Levels of Education in the U.S. The levels of education in the U.S. are similar to those in other countries. But the differences can be confusing to non-U.S. residents. Below are some definitions: Primary Education: Pre-school: ages 2 - 6 ; Elementary School: ages 6-12. Secondary Education: Junior High School: ages 12-14; High School: ages 14-18 (note that everyone in the U.S. is required by law to attend until the age of 16. However, some students "drop-out" and do not complete their high school degree
Post Secondary Education: There are no real age categories for post secondar education. Generally, American students start college right after completing high chool (about 60% of all students who graduate from high school enter college at some int in their life). Junior and Technical colleges are designed to be two-year programs, while universities and colleges are designed to be 4-year programs at the undergraduate level. In reality, the average American takes over 6 years to finish a"4 year degree The reason is that more than 50% of college freshman(first year students)do not know what major or specialization they wish to study. Also, many students work to pay for their college expenses. Thus they may take fewer classes in order to work. College Versus University: A college usually just has a Bachelor,'s(4 year) program. A university may be composed of several colleges(for example, the college of medicine and the college of engineering ). Universities often have graduate programs as well. For most purposes, a Bachelor's degree from a college is equivalent to a Bachelor's degree from a university, so that the words"college"and"university"mean the same thing to most Americans. Generally, the value of a degree is a reflection of how society views the particular college or university Vocational/Technical School: Vocational and technical schools operate at either the high school or junior college level. They teach skills such as secretarial, auto mechanics, photography, nursing, etc. It is often difficult for non-U S residents to find information on U.S. technical and vocational schools since these schools usually do not promote their programs outside the area where they operate The Post Secondary Education category could be listed as follows Degree Junior- Technical College Associates Undergraduate College -University Bachelor of Science(BS) Graduate School Masters of Science(MS Masters of Arts(MA) Masters of Business administration (MBA) Doctorate(Ph. D) Post graduate after Ph D degree There are public and private colleges, schools and universities in the United States. The public schools are funded, in part, by a city, and/or state, and/or federal government Students living in the city or state pay less tuition because some tax money is used to subsidize the tuition. Non-U S residents would pay more, since they would not be residents of the city or state where the college or university is located Private colleges and universities are supported primarily by tuition and privat contributions. All students must pay the same tuition no matter where they are fr (unless they get a grant or scholarship). Many private schools are affiliated with religion. Examples are Roman Catholic, Protestant, Islamic and Jewish religions Students at these schools do not have to be of that particular religion to attend, but they may be required to take certain religious or theological courses pertaining to that religion Consult each college s catalogue English Language Schools and Centers: These schools are typically privately owned, although some operate on a college or university campus. They offer both private, one-on-one, and group instruction in English, TOEFL preparation, and other
2 Post Secondary Education: There are no real age categories for post secondary education. Generally, American students start college right after completing high school (about 60% of all students who graduate from high school enter college at some point in their life). Junior and Technical colleges are designed to be two-year programs, while universities and colleges are designed to be 4-year programs at the undergraduate level. In reality, the average American takes over 6 years to finish a "4 year degree". The reason is that more than 50% of college freshman (first year students) do not know what major or specialization they wish to study. Also, many students work to pay for their college expenses. Thus they may take fewer classes in order to work. College Versus University: A college usually just has a Bachelor's (4 year) program. A university may be composed of several colleges (for example, the college of medicine and the college of engineering). Universities often have graduate programs as well. For most purposes, a Bachelor's degree from a college is equivalent to a Bachelor's degree from a university, so that the words "college" and "university" mean the same thing to most Americans. Generally, the value of a degree is a reflection of how society views the particular college or university. Vocational/Technical School: Vocational and technical schools operate at either the high school or junior college level. They teach skills such as secretarial, auto mechanics, photography, nursing, etc. It is often difficult for non-U.S. residents to find information on U.S. technical and vocational schools since these schools usually do not promote their programs outside the area where they operate. The Post Secondary Education category could be listed as follows: Program Degree ______________________________________________________________________ Junior - Technical College Associates Undergraduate College - University Bachelor of Science (B.S.) Graduate School Masters of Science (M.S.) Masters of Arts (M.A.) Masters of Business Administration (MBA) Doctorate (Ph.D.) Post Graduate after Ph.D. no-degree There are public and private colleges, schools and universities in the United States. The public schools are funded, in part, by a city, and/or state, and/or federal government. Students living in the city or state pay less tuition because some tax money is used to subsidize the tuition. Non-U.S. residents would pay more, since they would not be residents of the city or state where the college or university is located. Private colleges and universities are supported primarily by tuition and private contributions. All students must pay the same tuition no matter where they are from (unless they get a grant or scholarship). Many private schools are affiliated with a religion. Examples are Roman Catholic, Protestant, Islamic and Jewish religions. Students at these schools do not have to be of that particular religion to attend, but they may be required to take certain religious or theological courses pertaining to that religion. Consult each college's catalogue. English Language Schools and Centers: These schools are typically privately owned, although some operate on a college or university campus. They offer both private, one-on-one, and group instruction in English, TOEFL preparation, and other programs
If you wish to study English before you enter an American college, you may want to study at a private English language center. There, you can improve your English, better your study skills, or prepare for the TOEFL test. This will also give you the opportunity to evaluate colleges and universities in the United States by visiting them personally, and speaking to Americans who may be more familiar with the universities and programs that are best for you. You will also be able to become more familiar with American culture before you start your university program II. Text Analysi Main idea: Learning a foreign language was one of the most difficult yet most rewarding experiences of my life Devices for developing it: l. Deduction Organization- from general to specific(演绎法) General statement(Topic): Learning a foreign language was one of the most difficult yet most rewarding experiences of my life Specific statements 1) My experience in junior middle school(Para. 2) a kind and patient teacher who praised all of the students.. positive method. eagerly answered questions, at the top of my class 2)My experience in senior middle school(Para. 3 an(impatient)teacher.. punished those who made mistakes. shaking it up and down... shouted. lose my eagerness /desire to say anything in English 3) My experience at college(Para. 4) far from perfect. very large class and better students.. feel intimidated afraid to speak .. at the same level forever 4)My experience with the online course(Para. 5-7) require commitment and discipline ..virtual classroom. practice all the time.cry with frustration.. feel like giving up. reaped the benefits of hard work 5)Conclusion( Para. 8) a most trying experience, but one that I would not trade for anything.. teach me the value of hard work.give me insights into another culture.my mind.opened to new ways of seeing things.. the most wonderful result of having learned a foreign language. communicate with many more people than before. one of my favorite activities. bridge the gap between my culture and theirs 2 Sequence of Time and Space(时空顺序法) Typical Sentences 1) My experience with a foreign language began in junior middle school.(Para 2)When I went to senior middle school. ( Para.3 3)However, that state didn't last long. When I went to college. ( Para. 4) 4)That was the situation until a couple of years later, when.participated in the virtual classroom. (Para. 5)
3 If you wish to study English before you enter an American college, you may want to study at a private English language center. There, you can improve your English, better your study skills, or prepare for the TOEFL test. This will also give you the opportunity to evaluate colleges and universities in the United States by visiting them personally, and speaking to Americans who may be more familiar with the universities and programs that are best for you. You will also be able to become more familiar with American culture before you start your university program. II. Text Analysis Main idea: Learning a foreign language was one of the most difficult yet most rewarding experiences of my life. Devices for developing it: 1. Deduction Organization---from general to specific (演绎法) General statement (Topic): Learning a foreign language was one of the most difficult yet most rewarding experiences of my life. Specific statements: 1) My experience in junior middle school (Para. 2): a kind and patient teacher who praised all of the students … positive method…eagerly answered questions, at the top of my class 2) My experience in senior middle school (Para. 3): an (impatient) teacher…punished those who made mistakes…shaking it up and down…shouted…lose my eagerness / desire to say anything in English 3) My experience at college(Para. 4): far from perfect…very large class and better students… feel intimidated… afraid to speak…at the same level forever 4) My experience with the online course (Para. 5-7): require commitment and discipline …virtual classroom…practice all the time…cry with frustration…feel like giving up…reaped the benefits of hard work 5) Conclusion (Para. 8): a most trying experience, but one that I would not trade for anything…teach me the value of hard work…give me insights into another culture…my mind …opened to new ways of seeing things…the most wonderful result of having learned a foreign language …communicate with many more people than before…one of my favorite activities…bridge the gap between my culture and theirs 2. Sequence of Time and Space (时空顺序法) Typical Sentences: 1）My experience with a foreign language began in junior middle school.(Para. 2) 2) When I went to senior middle school. (Para.3) 3) However, that state didn’t last long. When I went to college. (Para. 4) 4) That was the situation until a couple of years later, when ...participated in the virtual classroom. (Para. 5)
5)I had finally reaped the benefits of all that hard work. Para. 7) 3. Comparison and Contrast(对比法) The comparison and contrast is centered around"the most difficult"and"the most rewarding Conjunctions used in the text: yet, while, unlike, although, but The group of difficult” frustrating, punish, shout, lose my eagerness /desire to say anything in English, very large, far from perfect, feel intimidated, afraid to speak, (my English )stay at the same level, cry with frustration, feel like giving up The group of"rewarding well worth the effort, at the top of my class, eager to study, understand about everything, reap the benefits of all that hard work, teach me the value of hard work, give me insights into another culture, able to bridge the gap between cultures IlL Structure Part I(Para. 1) Idea: Learning a foreign language was one of the most difficult yet most Devices for developing it: Explanation(释义法) Difficult---frustrating Rewarding---well worth the effc Part II(Para. 2-4) Idea: My different experiences with the regular course in junior and senior iddle schools and at college ping 因果法) Typical Sentences 1) Because of this positive method, I eagerly answered all the question 2)So, once again, although for different reasons, I was afraid to speak Part III( Para.5-7) Idea: My experiences with the online course helped me reap the benefits of hard work Devices for developing it: Deduction(演绎法)(Para.7) General statement: St. 1 of Para. 7 Specific statements: St. 2-5 of Para. 7 Conclusion: St. 6-7 of Para. 7 Part IV(Para8) Idea: Learning English brings me benefits: the value of hard work, insights into other cultures, new ways of seeing things, ability to bridge the gap between different cultures Devices for developing it: Induction(归纳法) ph 8 Learning a foreign language has been a most trying experience for me, but one that I wouldnt trade for anything. Not only did learning another language
4 5) I had finally reaped the benefits of all that hard work. (Para. 7) 3. Comparison and Contrast (对比法) The comparison and contrast is centered around “the most difficult” and “the most rewarding”. Conjunctions used in the text: yet, while, unlike, although, but The group of “difficult”: frustrating, punish, shout, lose my eagerness / desire to say anything in English, very large, far from perfect, feel intimidated, afraid to speak, (my English)stay at the same level, cry with frustration, feel like giving up The group of “rewarding”: well worth the effort, at the top of my class, eager to study, understand about everything, reap the benefits of all that hard work, teach me the value of hard work, give me insights into another culture, able to bridge the gap between cultures III.Structure: Part I (Para.1) Idea: Learning a foreign language was one of the most difficult yet most rewarding experiences of my life. Devices for developing it: Explanation(释义法) Difficult --- frustrating Rewarding --- well worth the ef ort Part II (Para.2-4) Idea: My different experiences with the regular course in junior and senior middle schools and at college Devices for developing it: Cause and Effect (因果法) Typical Sentences: 1) Because of this positive method, I eagerly answered all the questions, … 2) So, once again, although for different reasons, I was afraid to speak. Part III ( Para.5-7) Idea: My experiences with the online course helped me reap the benefits of hard work.Devices for developing it: Deduction (演绎法) (Para. 7) General statement: St. 1 of Para. 7 Specific statements: St. 2-5 of Para.7 Conclusion: St. 6-7 of Para. 7 Part IV (Para8) Idea: Learning English brings me benefits: the value of hard work, insights into other cultures, new ways of seeing things, ability to bridge the gap between different cultures. Devices for developing it: Induction(归纳法) Paragraph 8 Learning a foreign language has been a most trying experience for me, but one that I wouldn’t trade for anything. Not only did learning another language
teach me the value of hard work. but it also gave me insights into anothe culture, and my mind was opened to new ways of seeing things. The most wonderful result of having learned a foreign language was that could communicate with many more people than before. Talking with people is one of my favorite activities, so being able to speak a new language lets me meet new people, participate in conversations. and form new unforgettable friendships Now that I speak a foreign language, instead of staring into space when English is being spoken, I can participate and make friends. I am able to reach out others and bridge the gap between my language and culture and theirs. IV Language points A: Expressi 1. to be well worth the effort 2. to be at the top of the class 3. to lose the desire to say anything in English 4. to be far from perfect 5. to stay at the same level forever 6. to get access to the necessary equipment 7. to keep up with the flow of the course 8. to meet the minimum standards set by the course 9. to cry with frustration 0 to feel like giving up 11. to reap the benefits of hard work 12. not to trade sth for anything 13. to teach me the value of hard work 14. to give me insights into another culture 15. to keep my mind open to new ways of seeing thing 16. to bridge the gap between different cultures l. to be well worth the effort(L.3)很值得去努力 Not everything in life is well worth our risk.(生活中并非一切都值得我们去冒险。) 2. to be at the top of the class(L.7)在班里名列前茅 On the list of good polices in social contact, honesty should be at the top.(在社交方 面所有的良策之中诚信应列在首位。) 3. to lose my desire/ eagerness to say anything in English(L.14)失去说英语的欲望 As a result of her dishonesty, I lost my desire to form further friendship with her.(E 于她的不诚实我失去了与她建立进一步友谊的欲望。) 4. to be far from perfect(L.19)远不尽人意 ALthough our environment is still far from perfect, we havent lost the desire to change it for the better(尽管我们的环境还远不尽人意,我们并没有失去使其改 善的意愿。) 5. to stay at the same level forever(L.26)永远停滞不前 Sometimes our English learning seems to stay at the same level for ever, but, in fact this is not necessary the case.(有时,我们的英语学习似乎总停滞不前,但事实上 并不一定如此。)
5 teach me the value of hard work, but it also gave me insights into another culture, and my mind was opened to new ways of seeing things. The most wonderful result of having learned a foreign language was that I could communicate with many more people than before. Talking with people is one of my favorite activities, so being able to speak a new language lets me meet new people, participate in conversations, and form new, unforgettable friendships. Now that I speak a foreign language, instead of staring into space when English is being spoken, I can participate and make friends. I am able to reach out to others and bridge the gap between my language and culture and theirs. IV. Language Points A：Expressions: 1. to be well worth the effort 2. to be at the top of the class 3. to lose the desire to say anything in English 4. to be far from perfect 5. to stay at the same level forever 6.to get access to the necessary equipment 7. to keep up with the flow of the course 8. to meet the minimum standards set by the course 9. to cry with frustration 10. to feel like giving up 11. to reap the benefits of hard work 12. not to trade sth for anything 13. to teach me the value of hard work 14. to give me insights into another culture 15. to keep my mind open to new ways of seeing things 16. to bridge the gap between different cultures Examples: 1. to be well worth the effort (L. 3) 很值得去努力 Not everything in life is well worth our risk. (生活中并非一切都值得我们去冒险。) 2. to be at the top of the class (L. 7) 在班里名列前茅 On the list of good polices in social contact, honesty should be at the top. (在社交方 面所有的良策之中诚信应列在首位。) 3. to lose my desire / eagerness to say anything in English (L.14) 失去说英语的欲望 As a result of her dishonesty, I lost my desire to form further friendship with her. (由 于她的不诚实,我失去了与她建立进一步友谊的欲望。) 4. to be far from perfect (L. 19) 远不尽人意 Although our environment is still far from perfect, we haven’t lost the desire to change it for the better. (尽管我们的环境还远不尽人意，我们并没有失去使其改 善的意愿。) 5. to stay at the same level forever (L. 26) 永远停滞不前 Sometimes our English learning seems to stay at the same level for ever, but ,in fact, this is not necessary the case. (有时，我们的英语学习似乎总停滞不前，但事实上 并不一定如此。)