Bryan Zhang 别}译成英文,有的用一般现在时。有的用现在进行时 吃饭 生 4我 个老 他欢游泳。 8他会唱歌: 个医生 11.他的爸爸在美国 我正在洗 第三章一般过去时和过去进行时 3S地过教时老腻过去所发生的事,举例米说,假如我昨天去看了一场电影,我就可以说 Isaw vour father last night I met your so ast month ch to last night 可是,我们必须非常小心,因为一不小心,我们就可能犯了大错,我们如果要向情侣表示爱情,当然说 如果我说 事 可能阔大了。因为这表示我过去首经爱过你 假如授看男发然后我设 love you o可是现在已经不爱了。1odo心等于是 不是一个好男孩了,变成了一个不的孩子,或者他已经死了 圣是碧面奶过去制常常是饮挑用水破案的线索。有一次。有一个母来,向警察报案,说地的女儿失除了 声相供下地说 旺 用一般过去时的:用了般过去时,表示女儿已经死了出,用一 时 me last month 以上句子的正确写法是 I went to school yesterday last nigh me last month 持练习句子成英文,全用一餐过去 6
Bryan Zhang 6 【练习四】 将下列句子译成英文,有的用一般现在时,有的用现在进行时: 1.我爱你。 2.我正在吃饭。 3.他不是一个学生。 4.我是一个老师。 5.他正在唱歌。 6.他在游泳。 7.他喜欢游泳。 8.他会唱歌。 9.他正在唱歌。 10.他的爸爸是一个医生。 11.他的爸爸在美国。 12.我正在洗澡。 13.他正在睡觉。 14.你的姊姊在骑脚踏车。 15.你的姊姊每天骑脚踏车上学。 第三章 一般过去时和过去进行时 3§1 一般过去时 一般过去时是指过去所发生的事,举例来说,假如我昨天去看了一场电影,我就可以说 I went to see a movie yesterday. 以下全部是正确的句子: I saw your father last night. I met your son last month. I ate three apples this morning. He went to church to pray last night. 可是,我们必须非常小心,因为一不小心,我们就可能犯了大错,我们如果要向情侣表示爱情,当然说 I love you. 如果我们说 I loved you. 事情就可能闹大了,因为这表示我过去曾经爱过你,可是现在已经不爱了。〝I loved you〞等于是 〝I loved you before. But I do not love you now.〞 假如我们看过一个小男孩然后我们说 He was a good boy. 那就是说他现在已不是一个好男孩了,变成了一个不乖的孩子,或者他已经死了。 英文里的一般过去时常常是侦探用来破案的线索。有一次,有一个母亲,向警察报案,说她的女儿失踪了, 她在记者面前,声泪俱下地说 She was such a nice girl. 警察马上觉得这位母亲有问题,因为她不该用一般过去时的,用了一般过去时,表示女儿已经死了,可是 母亲不是说她失踪了吗?为什么她用一般过去时,极有可能因为她知道她女儿已经死了,才脱口而出,用 了一般过去时。警察因此怀疑母亲本人就是凶手,事实也果真如此:这位母亲打自己的女儿,出手太重, 将女儿打死了,谎报女儿失踪,她用了一般过去时,使警察知道她有问题。整个案子的侦破,就在于一般 过去时。 我们因此不能轻易用一般过去时,但我们也千万要注意,该用一般过去时的时候,一定要用一般过去时, 以下句子都是错的: *I go to school yesterday. *I see a movie last night. *My mother comes to see me last month. *I eat three apples this morning. *He is happy yesterday. 以上句子的正确写法是: I went to school yesterday. I saw a movie last night. My mother came to see me last month. I ate three apples this morning. He was happy yesterday. 【练习五】 将以下中文句子翻成英文,全部用一般过去时:
Bryan Zhang 3.我去年到美 的姊姊 6我今晨吃 9.他昨夜非常疲佬 地昨疼去台北探访他的爸爸。 0 列的句子译成英文句子,有的用一般现在时,有的用一般过去时: 他 强壮的男孩。 他每天 个苹果 吃 个苹果 6,我是个快乐的入 他 〔练习七】 成英文,用一般现在时,现在进行时或一般过去时 2他欢打篮球 他天材球上 唱歌 你的爸爸昨天来看我。 的哥哥 12他正在打话。 (work hard) 3S2过去进行时 过去时和现 婆有骨是要受的。可是有一点不同过去进行时 我昨天去看你的时候,你正在打篮球,如译成中文,就是 I was taking a bath when you called. They were singing in the station when the train arrived. 的≥行常器件,这网件事同时发生,其中一件事用一般过去时,另一件事用过 去进行时 练习品泽成英文, 1他昨天到学 其中一部份使用过去进行时: 2.当火车停下的时候,他在看报(read newspaper)。 7
Bryan Zhang 7 1.我昨天参加了一个舞会。 2.他的哥哥昨天打电话给我。 3.我去年到美国去。 4.昨夜我遇到你的姊姊。 5.我写了一封信给你。 6.我今晨吃了一个蛋。 7.他昨夜整夜跳舞。 8.我们昨天跑了五千公尺。 9.他昨夜非常疲倦。 10.他昨夜去台北探访他的爸爸。 【练习六】 将下列的句子译成英文句子,有的用一般现在时,有的用一般过去时: 1.他是一个强壮的男孩。 2.他昨天生病了。 3.他每天吃一个苹果。 4.他昨天吃了三个苹果。 5.我喜欢看电影。 6.我是个快乐的人。 7.昨天我看了两场电影。 8.他昨天寄了一封信给你。 9.他常常抽烟。 10.我每天读圣经。 11.他昨天没有念圣经。 12.他昨天没有游泳。 【练习七】 将以下句子译成英文,用一般现在时,现在进行时或一般过去时: 1.他在打篮球。 2.他喜欢打篮球。 3.他昨天打篮球。 4.他每天骑脚踏车上学。 5.他昨天骑脚踏车到乡下去。 6.我喜欢唱歌。 7.他正在唱歌。 8.你的爸爸昨天来看我。 9.他的哥哥每天步行二公里。 10.他的弟弟是个好孩子。 11.他去年非常虚弱。 12.他正在打电话。 13.他每天都努力工作(work hard)。 14.你的弟弟喜欢游泳。 15.他过去是个好学生。 3§2 过去进行时 过去进行时和现在进行时有点类似,只是 verb to be 要用一般过去时的。可是有一点不同,过去进行时, 很少单独用的,而常和另一句子一齐用。举例来说以下的中文句子: 我昨天去看你的时候,你正在打篮球,如译成中文,就是 You were playing basketball when I went to see you yesterday. 以下是典型的过去进行时用法 I was taking a bath when you called. I was watching TV when you came to see me. They were dancing when the teacher came in. They were singing in the station when the train arrived. Mr. Brown was cleaning his house when his son came home. 总而言之,过去进行时通常牵涉到几件事,这两件事同时发生,其中一件事用一般过去时,另一件事用过 去进行时 【练习八】 将以下句子译成英文,其中一部份使用过去进行时: 1.他昨天到学校去的时候,天在下雨。 2.当火车停下的时候,他在看报(read newspaper)
Bryan Zhang 火车进的时桥他在用飞爸爸打电话。 5昨天晚上八点钟,我在家看电视。 我正在刷牙(brush my teeth)。 8当这猫走进来的时候 那只狗在睡觉 【练习九】 填充 when he was a child (g0) to see my mother yesterday. (like to play piano. 6.1t (rain) now o school every day 9 He (be a good boy I called him 12 (take a bath when my mother called me 11 to swim. 15t young Now Idon'tm when I drove to work yesterday 18. 19.He 练习十】 改正以下句子的错误 went to see them yesterday 3. He gives his book to his brother last month 6元 *I like to went to church he the piano now 012 He do not know me e to work last nigh *I were swimming when my mother came. 18 He do not like to swim 第四章现在完成时(Perfect Tense) 4S1现在现在完成时(Present Perfect Tense) 原式 一般过去时 过去分词(past participle)
Bryan Zhang 8 3.当火车进站的时候,他们在唱歌。 4.我昨天去他家的时候,他在和他爸爸打电话。 5.昨天晚上八点钟,我在家看电视。 6.当我爸爸昨晚打电话给我的时候,我正在刷牙(brush my teeth)。 7.当我昨晚打电话给他时,他在游泳。 8.当这猫走进来的时候,那只狗在睡觉。 9.当他弟弟回家的时候,他在拉小提琴。 10.当我爸爸回家的时候,我妈妈在烧饭。 【练习九】 填充 1. I (be) a Christian. 2. He (be) a Catholic when he was a child. 3. I (go) to see my mother yesterday. 4. I (like) to play piano. 5. He (eat) now. 6. It (rain) now. 7. He (walk) to school every day. 8. He (walk) now. 9. He (be) a good boy. 10. He (swim) when I called him. 11. He (go) to see his mother yesterday. 12. I (take) a bath when my mother called me. 13. I (like) to swim. 14. I (like) to swim when I was young. Now, I don’t because I am too old. 15. It (rain) now. 16. It (rain) when I drove to work yesterday. 17. It (rain) last night. 18. It (rain)very often here. 19. He (read) a book when I went to see him yesterday. 20. I (be) a student when I was young. Now I am a teacher. 【练习十】 改正以下句子的错误 1. *They are driving when I went to see them yesterday. 2. *It rained here very often in Taipei. 3. *He gives his book to his brother last month. 4. *He go to work every morning. 5. *He likes to told stories. 6. *I like to went to church. 7. *The sun sets now. 8. *They are play the piano now. 9. *I am love you. 10. *He were a good student before. 11. *He goes to church last Sunday. 12. *It rains last night. 13. *I am playing when you called. 14. *It is raining when I drove to work last night. 15. *He do not know me. 16. *I were swimming when my mother came. 17. *They is singing now. 18. *He do not like to swim. 19. *He always wear a black coat. 20. *He is watch TV now. 第四章 现在完成时(Perfect Tense) 4§1 现在现在完成时(Present Perfect Tense) 现在完成时的形式是 verb to have + past participle,每一个动词,都有一般过去时和过去分词,以下就是一 些例子: 原式 一般过去时 过去分词(past participle)
Bryan Zhang (或got) sing 的句子都是用了现在现在茫说: I have read this book 1973 have writen the letters 、有高装授我货是,南一百还续现在·就安用现现在定皮时·悠种可子千后面常 空自从男器军被我就住在这里。 e loved rock and roll m 9
Bryan Zhang 9 go went gone come came come see saw seen do did done watch watched watched get got gotten(或 got) have had had use used used buy bought bought listen listened listened draw drew drawn paint painted painted leave left left arrive arrived arrived dance danced danced kill killed killed write wrote written run ran run swim swam swum snow snowed snowed eat ate eaten love loved loved fly flew flown spread spread spread hit hit hit drink drank drunk take took taken grow grew grown sell sold sold ride rode ridden steal stole stolen break broke broken walk walked walked read read read sing sang sung work worked worked 以下的句子都是用了现在现在完成时: I have read this book. I have seen the movie. I have lived here since 1973. I have studied English for a long time. He has washed his hands. He has left. He has already completed the report. The storm has arrived. I have taken the job. I have written the letters. I have not seen him since 1975. I have never seen this man before. 什么情况之下要用现在现在完成时呢? 1. 首先假设我们有一件事,发生在过去,而一直延续到现在,就要用现在现在完成时,这种句子后面常 有 since 或 for。以下是这种情形的例子: (1)自从 1963 年,我一直在念英文。 I have studied English since 1963. (2)自从 1975 年以后,我就住在这里。 I have lived here since 1975. (3)自从我是一个小孩子,我就喜欢摇滚乐。 I have loved rock and roll music since I was a child
Bryan Zhang (4)自从去年,我就从来没有见过他。 9s0年,他就宜在此工作。 e kn (the past)four years. (10)好久没有下雨了。 ralong tim It has not rained for a long time ur lette 量然能很军轻地鳄本小说。 ver answere “我曾见过李总统”、“我有生 (1)我曾经到过美国。 6) Have Mountain? 一件过去常发生的事 次台风
Bryan Zhang 10 (4)自从去年,我就从来没有见过他。 Since last year, I have never seen him. (5)自从 1950 年以后,他就一直在此工作。 He has worked here since 1950. (6)我认识他已经很久了。 I have known him for a long time. (7)他练习网球已经四年了。 He has already practiced tennis for (the past) four years. (8)我穿这件夹克很久了。 I have worn this jacket for a very long time. (9)我开这辆汽车很久了。 I have driven this car for a long time. (10)好久没有下雨了。 It has not rained for a long time. 2.使用现在现在完成时的另一情况是强调已经完成的事,比方说,你说〝我已经写了那封信〞,就可以用 现在现在完成时,或者,你说〝他已经完成了工作〞。以下是这类的例子: (1)我已经写了这封信。 I have already written the letter. (2)他已经完成了工作。 He has already completed the work. (3)我已经测试了这个程序。 I have already tested the program. (4)我已经收到了你的信。 I have already received your letter. (5)他已搬到了一个较大的房子。 He has already moved to a bigger house. (6)虽然他很年轻,但他已写了三本小说。 Although he is young, he has already written three novels. (7)我打了二次电话给他,他都没有回答。 I called him twice, he has never answered. 3.现在现在完成时用来表示一种经验,举例来说,〝我曾经到过美国〞、〝我曾见过李总统〞、〝我有生 以来没有跳过舞〞,这些都应该用现在现在完成时,例如: (1) 我曾经到过美国。 I have been to America. (2) 我曾见过李总统。 I have seen President Lee. (3) 我有生以来没有跳过舞。 I have never danced in my life. (4) 我看过〝双城记〞。 I have read The Tale of Two Cities. (5) 他曾吃过这种冰淇淋。 He has tasted this kind of ice cream. (6) 我未曾见过雪。 I have never seen snow. (7) 你曾见过雪吗? Have you ever seen snow? (8) 你登过玉山吗? Have you ever climbed Jade Mountain? 4.现在现在完成时可以用来表示一件过去常发生的事: (1) 今年我国已有二次台风。 We have already had two typhoons so far this year. (2) 他今年已发表了三篇论文。 He has already published three papers this year. (3) 过去一年,我看了三次〝铁达尼号〞。 In the past year, I have seen The Titanic three times. 对读者而言,最重要的是〝现在现在完成时〞和〝一般过去时〞不同究竟在那里?最重要的不同在于,一 旦在句子中讲一件过去发生的事,而且指定特定的时间,就一定要用〝一般过去时〞,而不能用〝现在现