B]appreciation of their efforts C] admiration for their memory. D] contempt for their old-fashionedness 40. According to the last paragraph, "paper plates"is to"china"as A]"temporary"is to"permanent B"radical"is to"conservative [C"functional"is to"artistic D"humble"is to"noble Part B Directions: In the following text, some sentences have been removed. For questions 41-45, choose the most suitable one from the list A-G to fit into each of the numbered blank. There are two extra choices, which do not fit in any of the gaps. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEETI(10 points) Canada's premiers(the leaders of provincial governments), if they have any breath left after complaining about Ottawa at their late July annual meeting, might spare a moment to do something, together, to reduce health-care costs They're all groaning about soaring health budgets, the fastest-growing components of which are pharmaceutical costs What to do? Both the Romanow commission and the Kirby committee on health care-to say nothing of reports from other experts-recommended the creation of a national drug agency. Instead of each province having its own list of approved drugs, bureaucracy, procedures and limited bargaining power, all would pool resources, work with Ottawa, and create a national instituti But"national"doesn,'t have to mean that"National"could mean interprovincial-provinces combining efforts to create Either way, one benefit of a "national"organization would be to negotiate better prices, if possible, with drug manufacturers. Instead of having one province-or a series of hospitals within a province-negotiate a price for a given drug on the provincial list, the national agency would negotiate on behalf of all provinces Rather than, say, Quebec, negotiating on behalf of seven million people, the national agency would negotiate on behalf of 3 1 million people. Basic economics suggests the greater the potential consumers, the higher the likelihood of a better price 43 A small step has been taken in the direction of a national agency with the creation of the Canadian Co-ordinating office for Health Technology Assessment, funded by Ottawa and the provinces Under it, a Common Drug Review recommends to provincial lists which new drugs should be included Predictably, and regrettably, Quebec refused to join A few premiers are suspicious of any federal-provincial deal-making. They(particularly Quebec and Alberta) just want Ottawa to fork over additional billions with few, if any strings attached That's one reason why the idea of a national list hasn't gone any where while drug costs keep rising fast Premiers love to quote Mr. Romanows report selectively, especially the parts about more federal money. Perhaps they should read what he had to say about drugs: "A national drug agency would provide governments more influence on harmaceutical companies in order to try to constrain the ever-increasing cost of drugs. So when the premiers gather in Niagara Falls to assemble their usual complaint list, they should also get cracking about something in their jurisdiction that would help their budgets and patients A: Quebec's resistance to a national agency is provincialist ideology. One of the first advocates for a national list was a researcher at Laval University. Quebec's Drug Insurance Fund has seen its costs skyrocket with annual increases from
- 5 - [B] appreciation of their efforts. [C] admiration for their memory. [D] contempt for their old-fashionedness. 40. According to the last paragraph, "paper plates" is to "china" as [A] "temporary" is to "permanent." [B] "radical" is to "conservative" [C] "functional" is to "artistic" [D] "humble" is to "noble" Part B Directions: In the following text, some sentences have been removed. For questions 41-45, choose the most suitable one from the list A-G to fit into each of the numbered blank. There are two extra choices, which do not fit in any of the gaps. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET1 (10 points) Canada's premiers (the leaders of provincial governments), if they have any breath left after complaining about Ottawa at their late July annual meeting, might spare a moment to do something, together, to reduce health-care costs. They're all groaning about soaring health budgets, the fastest-growing components of which are pharmaceutical costs. 41. What to do? Both the Romanow commission and the Kirby committee on health care — to say nothing of reports from other experts — recommended the creation of a national drug agency. Instead of each province having its own list of approved drugs, bureaucracy, procedures and limited bargaining power, all would pool resources, work with Ottawa, and create a national institution. 42. But "national" doesn't have to mean that "National" could mean interprovincial — provinces combining efforts to create one body. Either way, one benefit of a "national" organization would be to negotiate better prices, if possible, with drug manufacturers. Instead of having one province — or a series of hospitals within a province — negotiate a price for a given drug on the provincial list, the national agency would negotiate on behalf of all provinces. Rather than, say, Quebec, negotiating on behalf of seven million people, the national agency would negotiate on behalf of 31 million people. Basic economics suggests the greater the potential consumers, the higher the likelihood of a better price. 43. A small step has been taken in the direction of a national agency with the creation of the Canadian Co-ordinating office for Health Technology Assessment, funded by Ottawa and the provinces. Under it, a Common Drug Review recommends to provincial lists which new drugs should be included Predictably, and regrettably, Quebec refused to join. A few premiers are suspicious of any federal-provincial deal-making. They (particularly Quebec and Alberta) just want Ottawa to fork over additional billions with few, if any strings attached. That's one reason why the idea of a national list hasn't gone anywhere, while drug costs keep rising fast. 44. Premiers love to quote Mr. Romanow's report selectively, especially the parts about more federal money. Perhaps they should read what he had to say about drugs: "A national drug agency would provide governments more influence on pharmaceutical companies in order to try to constrain the ever-increasing cost of drugs." 45. So when the premiers gather in Niagara Falls to assemble their usual complaint list, they should also get cracking about something in their jurisdiction that would help their budgets and patients. A: Quebec's resistance to a national agency is provincialist ideology. One of the first advocates for a national list was a researcher at Laval University. Quebec's Drug Insurance Fund has seen its costs skyrocket with annual increases from
14.3percent to 26.8per cent! B: Or they could read Mr. Kirby's report: " The substantial buying power of such an agency would strengthen the public prescription-drug insurance plans to negotiate the lowest possible purchase prices from drug companies C: What does"notional"mean? Roy Romanow and Senator Michael Kirby recommended a federal-provincial body much ounc D: The problem is simple and stark health-care costs have been, are, and will continue to increase faster than government E: According to the Canadian Institute for Health Information, prescription drug costs have risen since 1997 at twice the rate of overall health-care spending. Part of the increase comes from drugs being used to replace other kinds of treatment Part of it arises from new drugs costing more than older kinds. Part of it is higher prices F: So, if the provinces want to run the health-care show, they should prove they can run it, starting with an interprovinci health list that would end duplication, save a dministrative costs, prevent one province from being played off against another, and bargain for better drug prices G: Of course, the pharmaceutical companies will scream. They like divided buyers, they can lobby better that way. They can use the threat of removing jobs from one province to another. They can hope that, if one province includes a drug on its list, the pressure will cause others to include it on theirs. They wouldn ' t like a national agency, but self-interest would lead them to deal with it Part C Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese. Your translation should be written clearly on ANSWER SHEET 2. (10 points) The study of law has been recognized for centuries as a basic intellectual discipline in European universities. However, only in recent years has it become a feature of undergraduate programs in Canadian universities. 46) Traditionally, legal learning has been viewed in such institutions as the special preserve of lawyers, rather than a necessary part of the intellectual equipment of an educated person. Happily, the older and more continental view of legal education is establishing itself in a number of Canadian universities and some have even begun to offer undergraduate degrees in law If the study of law is beginning to establish itself as part and parcel of a general education, its aims and methods should appeal directly to journalism educators. Law is a discipline which encourages responsible judgment. On the one hand, it provides opportunities to analyze such ideas as justice, democracy and freedom. 47)On the other. it links these concepts to everyday realities in a manner which is parallel to the links journalists forge on a daily basis as they cover and comment on the news. For example, notions of evidence and fact, of basic rights and public interest are at work in the process of journalistic judgment and production just as in courts of law. Sharpening judgment by absorbing and reflecting on law is a desirable component of a journalist's intellectual preparation for his or her career 48) But the idea that the journalist must understand the law more profoundly than an ordinary citizen rests on an understanding of the established conventions and special responsibilities of the news media Politics or, more broadly, the functioning of the state, is a major subject for journalists. The better informed they are about the way the state works, the better their reporting will be. 49)In fact, it is difficult to see how journalists who do not have a clear grasp of the basic features of the Canadian Constitution can do a competent job on political stories. Furthermore, the legal system and the events which occur within it are primary subjects for journalists. While the of legal journalism varies greatly, there is an undue reliance amongst many journalists on interpretations supplied by lawyers. 50) while comment and reaction from lawyers may enhance stories. it is preferable for journalists to rely on their own notions of significance and make their own iudgment. These can only come from a well-grounded understanding of the legal system 英语试题置换页 请考生注意:(1)必须将本也粘贴在原英语试題的第13页上;(2)必须按本页的试题答题,否则该部分成绩无效 Part C Directions: d the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese. Your translation should be tten clearly on ANSWER SHEET2 (10 Points)
- 6 - 14.3percent to 26.8per cent! B: Or they could read Mr.Kirby's report: "The substantial buying power of such an agency would strengthen the public prescription-drug insurance plans to negotiate the lowest possible purchase prices from drug companies." C: What does "notional" mean? Roy Romanow and Senator Michael Kirby recommended a federal-provincial body much like the recently created National Health Council. D: The problem is simple and stark health-care costs have been, are, and will continue to increase faster than government revenues. E: According to the Canadian Institute for Health Information, prescription drug costs have risen. since 1997 at twice the rate of overall health-care spending. Part of the increase comes from drugs being used to replace other kinds of treatments. Part of it arises from new drugs costing more than older kinds. Part of it is higher prices. F: So, if the provinces want to run the health-care show, they should prove they can run it, starting with an interprovincial health list that would end duplication, save a dministrative costs, prevent one province from being played off against another, and bargain for better drug prices. G: Of course, the pharmaceutical companies will scream. They like divided buyers, they can lobby better that way. They can use the threat of removing jobs from one province to another. They can hope that, if one province includes a drug on its list, the pressure will cause others to include it on theirs. They wouldn't like a national agency, but self-interest would lead them to deal with it. Part C Directions: Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese. Your translation should be written clearly on ANSWER SHEET 2. (10 points) The study of law has been recognized for centuries as a basic intellectual discipline in European universities. However, only in recent years has it become a feature of undergraduate programs in Canadian universities. 46) Traditionally, legal learning has been viewed in such institutions as the special preserve of lawyers, rather than a necessary part of the intellectual equipment of an educated person. Happily, the older and more continental view of legal education is establishing itself in a number of Canadian universities and some have even begun to offer undergraduate degrees in law. If the study of law is beginning to establish itself as part and parcel of a general education, its aims and methods should appeal directly to journalism educators. Law is a discipline which encourages responsible judgment. On the one hand, it provides opportunities to analyze such ideas as justice, democracy and freedom.47) On the other, it links these concepts to everyday realities in a manner which is parallel to the links journalists forge on a daily basis as they cover and comment on the news. For example, notions of evidence and fact, of basic rights and public interest are at work in the process of journalistic judgment and production just as in courts of law. Sharpening judgment by absorbing and reflecting on law is a desirable component of a journalist's intellectual preparation for his or her career. 48) But the idea that the journalist must understand the law more profoundly than an ordinary citizen rests on an understanding of the established conventions and special responsibilities of the news media. Politics or, more broadly, the functioning of the state, is a major subject for journalists. The better informed they are about the way the state works, the better their reporting will be. 49) In fact, it is difficult to see how journalists who do not have a clear grasp of the basic features of the Canadian Constitution can do a competent job on political stories. Furthermore, the legal system and the events which occur within it are primary subjects for journalists. While the quality of legal journalism varies greatly, there is an undue reliance amongst many journalists on interpretations supplied to them by lawyers. 50) while comment and reaction from lawyers may enhance stories, it is preferable for journalists to rely on their own notions of significance and make their own judgment. These can only come from a well-grounded understanding of the legal system. 英语试题置换页 请考生注意：(1) 必须将本也粘贴在原英语试题的第13页上；(2) 必须按本页的试题答题，否则该部分成绩无效 Part C Directions: Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese. Your translation should be written clearly on ANSWER SHEET2 (10 Points)