上海交通大学：《现代机械工程图学》教学资源_教学课件_设计过程——设计制造基础

举例 狩猎椅设计 猎手上树打猎，以获得 较好的制高点。 要求提供既舒适又安全 的狩猎位置。 ·满足经济上的要求和狩 猎的限制条件。 ⊕ Shanghai Jiao Tong University 11 狩猎椅的问题认识 问题的描述 ·猎手上树打猎，以获得较好的制高点和隐蔽性，需要一个舒 适又安全的椅子。 ■要求和限制 。便于携带 。离地高度 ·考虑天气影响 。价格、重量等 需要的信息 。猎手打猎的方式 。上树打猎的人数 ·捕猎的时间季节等 ■市场考虑：竞争对手、价格、销售等。 Shanghai Jiao Tong University 12

Shanghai Jiao Tong University 11 举例 „ 狩猎椅设计 „ 猎手上树打猎，以获得 较好的制高点。 „ 要求提供既舒适又安全 的狩猎位置。 „ 满足经济上的要求和狩 猎的限制条件。 Shanghai Jiao Tong University 12 狩猎椅的问题认识 „ 问题的描述 „ 猎手上树打猎，以获得较好的制高点和隐蔽性，需要一个舒 适又安全的椅子。 „ 要求和限制 „ 便于携带 „ 离地高度 „ 考虑天气影响 „ 价格、重量等 „ 需要的信息 „ 猎手打猎的方式 „ 上树打猎的人数 „ 捕猎的时间季节等 „ 市场考虑：竞争对手、价格、销售等

问题的认识(Problem Definition) Objectives Tools ·Personal Experience ·Market Research -Form the design team ·Analogies ·Reverse Engineering -Identify all stakeholders ·Customer Interviews ·Case Studies ·Expert Interviews ●Patent Search -Research and understand user ·Stakeholder ·Web Search -Research and understand the Interviews ·Library Search environment ·User studies ●Benchmarking ·Semantic Inquiry ·Catalogues -Research and understand the ·QFD ·Magazines product domain Shanghai Jiao Tong University 13 形成概念 (Divergence) Objectives Tools ·Formal ·Checklists Generate many concepts Brainstorming ·Design Catalogues ● Morphological Avoid details ·Functional Analysis Decomposition -Raise issues that require Sketching ·Physical Process better specification Synthesis Diagrams 。Wishful Thinking ·Analogies -Suppress judgement Mind Mapping ·Iteration Shanghai Jiao Tong University 14

Shanghai Jiao Tong University 13 Objectives Tools – Form the design team – Identify all stakeholders – Research and understand user – Research and understand the environment – Research and understand the product domain • Personal Experience • Analogies • Customer Interviews • Expert Interviews • Stakeholder Interviews • User studies • Semantic Inquiry • QFD • Market Research • Reverse Engineering • Case Studies • Patent Search • Web Search • Library Search • Benchmarking • Catalogues • Magazines 问题的认识（Problem Definition） Shanghai Jiao Tong University 14 形成概念（Divergence） Objectives Tools – Generate many concepts – Avoid details – Raise issues that require better specification – Suppress judgement • Formal Brainstorming • Morphological Analysis • Sketching • Synthesis • Wishful Thinking • Mind Mapping • Checklists • Design Catalogues • Functional Decomposition • Physical Process Diagrams • Analogies • Iteration