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Sigma bonds and bond rot_Sigma bonds and bond rotation
Groups bonded by only a sigma bond can undergo rotation about that bond with respect to each other. The temporary molecular shapes that result from rotation of groups about single bonds are called conformations of a molecule. each possible structure is called a conformer. An analysis of the ener changes associated with a molecule undergoing rotation about single bonds is called conformational analysis
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120 =3 kcal/mol 180° 300
This can be contrasted however with rotation around the central carbon-carbon bond in butane shown below, in which two methyl groups clearly overla luring a singl rotation (the van der Waals radii of the methyl hydrogen atoms clearly overlal
• This can be contrasted, however, with rotation around the central carbon-carbon bond in butane, shown below, in which two methyl groups clearly overlap during a single rotation (the van der Waals radii of the methyl hydrogen atoms clearly overlap)
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