The heart YC Wong,PhD王雲川 The University of Hong Kong wong@hku. hk
The Heart YC Wong, PhD 王雲川 The University of Hong Kong ycwong@hku.hk
Scope Overview of anatomy of the heart Surface markings and gross anatomica structure Vascular system of the heart mpule conducting system Histology of the heart
Scope • Overview of anatomy of the heart • Surface markings and gross anatomical structure • Vascular system of the heart • Impulse conducting system • Histology of the heart
Location and surface markings ocated in middle mediastinum纵隔 ocate the sternal angle Point one: right 3rd costal cartilage 1 cm from sternum border Point 2 6th costal cartilage 1 cm from sternum Point 3 5th left intercostal space just medial to mid clavicular line Point 4: 2nd left intercostal space at Sternal the border of sternum angle Join the 4 points to mark the outer shape of the heart
• Located in middle mediastinum 纵隔 • Locate the sternal angle • Point one: right 3rd costal cartilage 1 cm from sternum border • Point 2: 6th costal cartilage, 1 cm from sternum • Point 3: 5th left intercostal space just medial to mid clavicular line • Point 4: 2nd left intercostal space at the border of sternum • Join the 4 points to mark the outer shape of the heart Location and surface markings Sternal angle
The pericardium心包膜 Fibrous capsule enclosing the heart Separated by pericardial cavity filled with fluid To reduce the friction of heart during pumping Lined by serous pericardium浆膜心包 Subdivided into parietal and visceral layers 心包: the visceral layer reflected on the outer surface The parietal layer closely adheres to fibrous pericardium 4Ts heart, the external limit of epicardium心外膜, lined by mesothelium间皮 Perforated only at the roots of major vessels Reflections of serous pericardium forms transverse sinus ta and oblique sinus斜窦
The Pericardium 心包膜 • Fibrous capsule enclosing the heart • Separated by pericardial cavity filled with fluid • To reduce the friction of heart during pumping • Lined by serous pericardium 浆膜心包 • Subdivided into parietal and visceral layers • The parietal layer closely adheres to fibrous pericardium 纤维 心包; the visceral layer reflected on the outer surface of heart, the external limit of epicardium 心外膜, lined by mesothelium 间皮 • Perforated only at the roots of major vessels • Reflections of serous pericardium forms transverse sinus 横窦 and oblique sinus 斜窦
The pericardium心包膜 R. common arotid a L comnmon aroud a L. subclavian a atria Parietal pericardium(cut) Cut edges of serous Visceral pericardium(cut)Sup. wean caua Trans Sinus R Pulmonary V Pulmonary Ventricles Oblique Sinus Pericardial fluid DIAPHRAGM Pericardial sac
The Pericardium 心包膜 R. Pulmonary V L pulmonary V Trans Sinus Oblique Sinus