Unit 1 Discovering yourself Catching crabs Vocabulary ●preceding a.existing or coming immediately before someone or something else 前的：前面的 Our contact information is located on the preceding pages. ●semester n.[C]one of the two periods of about 18 weeks that the school year is divided into in some countries,for example the US学期（美国等一些国 家中的半个学年，长约18周) ●impromptu a.not planned or prepared即兴的；无准备的 The expert was called upon to give an impromptu speech for ten minutes ●boating n.[U]the activity of travelling in a small boat on a lake or river for enjoyment(以娱乐为目的的)划船 ●attendance n.1 [U]the fact of being present at an event or of going regularly to school,churchetc出席；参加 It is a parent's responsibility to ensure children's regular attendance. 2 [C,U]the number of people who are present at an event or in a place such as a school or church出席人数 Matches this seasonhaveattractedrecord attendances. ●steeply ad.(上升或下降)急剧地，大起大落地 Exportorders continuedto fall steeply. ●humiliation n.1 [U]the unhappy and ashamed feeling you get when something embarrassing happens耻辱；丢脸 He had never known the despair ofdefeat or the humiliationoffailure. 2 [C]something that makes you feel very embarrassed and ashamed 辱之事：丢脸的事 The government suffered a series ofpolitical humiliations
Unit 1 Discovering yourself Catching crabs Vocabulary ● preceding a. existing or coming immediately before someone or something else 先 前的；前面的 Our contact information is located on the preceding pages. ● semester n. [C] one of the two periods of about 18 weeks that the school year is divided into in some countries, for example the US 学期（美国等一些国 家中的半个学年，长约 18 周） ● impromptu a. not planned or prepared 即兴的；无准备的 The expert was called upon to give an impromptu speech for ten minutes. ● boating n. [U] the activity of travelling in a small boat on a lake or river for enjoyment （以娱乐为目的的）划船 ● attendance n.1 [U] the fact of being present at an event or of going regularly to school, church etc 出席；参加 It is a parent's responsibility to ensure children's regular attendance. 2 [C, U] the number of people who are present at an event or in a place such as a school or church 出席人数 Matches this season have attracted record attendances. ● steeply ad.（上升或下降）急剧地，大起大落地 Export orders continued to fall steeply. ● humiliation n. 1 [U] the unhappy and ashamed feeling you get when something embarrassing happens 耻辱；丢脸 He had never known the despair of defeat or the humiliation of failure. 2 [C] something that makes you feel very embarrassed and ashamed 耻 辱之事；丢脸的事 The government suffered a series of political humiliations
●diligence n.[U](fml)the attitude or behaviour of someone who works very hard 勤奋；用功 ●flyer n.[C]1 (infinl)(high-)someone who is extremely successful in their job or in school(事业或学业上)极有成就的人 2 a bird,.insect,or animal that flies in a particular way会飞的鸟（或昆 虫、兽类) oscript n.[C]the written words of a play,film,television programme,speech etc (戏剧、电影、电视节目、演讲等的)剧本，手稿 You can't have good acting without a decent script ●provisional a.intended to be temporary,and likely to be changed when other arrangements are made临时的；暂时性的；暂定的 We've madea provisional reservation for next week. ●acceptance n【1agreementtoa plan,.ofer,or suggestion赞同：同意 Acceptance ofthe offer is the first step to a merger. 2 (~of)general agreement that something is true,reasonable,or cannot be changed接受；认可 There is widespread acceptance ofthese principles ●ambitious a.1 determined to be successful,.rich,famous etc有野心的：有抱负的 Alfred was intensely ambitious,obsessed with the idea of becoming rich. 2 an ambitious plan,aim,or attempt is difficult and will need a lot of effort to succeed(计划、目标或企图)要求高的，需付出极大努力的 The government has launched an ambitious planto manage health care. ●activist n.[C]someone who takes part in activities that are intended to achieve political or social change,especially someone who is a member of an organization积极分子， 活动家（尤指属于某组织的成员） ●congress n.1 (Congress)the group of people in the US who are elected to make
●diligence n. [U] (fml) the attitude or behaviour of someone who works very hard 勤奋；用功 ●flyer n. [C] 1 (infml) (high-~) someone who is extremely successful in their job or in school （事业或学业上）极有成就的人 2 a bird, insect, or animal that flies in a particular way 会飞的鸟（或昆 虫、兽类） ●script n. [C] the written words of a play, film, television programme, speech etc （戏剧、电影、电视节目、演讲等的）剧本，手稿 You can't have good acting without a decent script. ●provisional a. intended to be temporary, and likely to be changed when other arrangements are made 临时的；暂时性的；暂定的 We've made a provisional reservation for next week. ●acceptance n. [U] 1 agreement to a plan, offer, or suggestion 赞同；同意 Acceptance of the offer is the first step to a merger. 2 (~ of) general agreement that something is true, reasonable, or cannot be changed 接受；认可 There is widespread acceptance of these principles. ●ambitious a.1 determined to be successful, rich, famous etc 有野心的；有抱负的 Alfred was intensely ambitious, obsessed with the idea of becoming rich. 2 an ambitious plan, aim, or attempt is difficult and will need a lot of effort to succeed （计划、目标或企图）要求高的，需付出极大努力的 The government has launched an ambitious plan to manage health care. ●activist n. [C] someone who takes part in activities that are intended to achieve political or social change, especially someone who is a member of an organization 积极分子， 活动家（尤指属于某组织的成员） ●congress n.1 (Congress) the group of people in the US who are elected to make
laws.It consists of the House of Representatives and the Senate.美国国 会（由众议院和参议院组成） 2[C]a large meeting of members ofa political group(政党的)大会 ●nortgage n.[C](get obtain take out arrange a ~on)a legal agreement in which you borrow money from a bank in order to buy a house抵押：抵 押借款；按揭 They've taken out a 30-year mortgage ●promotion n.[C,U] 1 (get win gain ~;~to)a move to a higher level in a company, institution,or sport提升；晋升 His number one objective is to get promotion. 2 the activity ofencouragingor supportingsomething鼓励：提倡 The campaign is concerned with the promotion ofhealth. oinevitably ad.used for saying that something is certain to happen必然地：不可避 免地 The decision will inevitably lead to political tensions ●criticize v.to say what you think is wrong or bad about something批评；批判； 指责 It was difficult to be honest without seemingto criticize. vt.to consider something carefully and judge what the good and bad aspectsofit are评价；评论 We look at each other's workand criticize it. ●brace 1 (oneself for sth;oneself to do sth)to get ready for something unpleasant(使)做好准备 I braced myselffor the results ofmy blood test. 2(~oneself/sth against sth)to push your body,or a part of it,against something solid and strong in order to support yourself or to avoid falling (身体或身体部位)支住，撑牢
laws. It consists of the House of Representatives and the Senate. 美国国 会（由众议院和参议院组成） 2 [C] a large meeting of members of a political group （政党的）大会 ●mortgage n.[C] (get / obtain / take out / arrange a ~；~ on) a legal agreement in which you borrow money from a bank in order to buy a house 抵押；抵 押借款；按揭 They've taken out a 30-year mortgage. ●promotion n. [C, U] 1 (get / win / gain ~; ~ to) a move to a higher level in a company, institution, or sport 提升；晋升 His number one objective is to get promotion. 2 the activity of encouraging or supporting something 鼓励；提倡 The campaign is concerned with the promotion of health. ●inevitably ad. used for saying that something is certain to happen 必然地；不可避 免地 The decision will inevitably lead to political tensions. ●criticize v. to say what you think is wrong or bad about something 批评；批判； 指责 It was difficult to be honest without seeming to criticize. vt. to consider something carefully and judge what the good and bad aspects of it are 评价；评论 We look at each other's work and criticize it. ●brace v. 1 (~ oneself for sth; ~ oneself to do sth) to get ready for something unpleasant （使）做好准备 I braced myself for the results of my blood test. 2 (~ oneself / sth against sth) to push your body, or a part of it, against something solid and strong in order to support yourself or to avoid falling （身体或身体部位）支住，撑牢
She braced herselfagainst the wall. ●resistance n.[sing,U]1 (meet with face encounter ~)the refusal to accept something new such as a plan,idea etc(对新计划、新观念等的)抵制， 反对 This proposal is meeting with some resistance at the UN's headquarters. 2(~to)the ability not to be affected or harmed by something,especially a diseaseor a drug(尤指对疾病或药物的)抵抗力 Vitamin A helps build resistance to infection. ●m00r v.to stop a ship or boat from moving by fastening it to a place with ropes or by usingan anchor(使)停泊 ●estuary n.[C]the part of a large river where it becomes wide and flows into the sea河口；江口 ●coastline n.[C]the land along a coast,especially when seen from the sea or the air (尤指从海上或空中看到的)海岸线 ●surf n.[U]the waves of the sea as they move onto a beach,falling to produce foam拍岸浪花 vi.(go ~ing)to ride on waves in the sea on a surfboard Do you want to go surfing tomorrow? v.to look at various places one after another on the Internet or on television(在因特网上或电视上)冲浪 She spends hours every day just surfing the Net. ●coastal a.(usu before noun)on land besidea sea海岸的；沿海的 coastal areas/towns/roads ●rusty a.a rusty metal object is covered in rust(生)锈的 ●mesh n.[C,U(用铁丝、绳等制成的)网状物，网 ●haul
She braced herself against the wall. ●resistance n.[sing, U] 1 (meet with / face / encounter ~) the refusal to accept something new such as a plan, idea etc （对新计划、新观念等的）抵制， 反对 This proposal is meeting with some resistance at the UN's headquarters. 2 (~ to) the ability not to be affected or harmed by something, especially a disease or a drug （尤指对疾病或药物的）抵抗力 Vitamin A helps build resistance to infection. ●moor v. to stop a ship or boat from moving by fastening it to a place with ropes or by using an anchor （使）停泊 ●estuary n. [C] the part of a large river where it becomes wide and flows into the sea 河口；江口 ●coastline n. [C] the land along a coast, especially when seen from the sea or the air （尤指从海上或空中看到的）海岸线 ●surf n.[U] the waves of the sea as they move onto a beach, falling to produce foam 拍岸浪花 vi. (go ~ing) to ride on waves in the sea on a surf board 冲浪 Do you want to go surfing tomorrow? v. to look at various places one after another on the Internet or on television （在因特网上或电视上）冲浪 She spends hours every day just surfing the Net. ●coastal a.(usu before noun) on land beside a sea 海岸的；沿海的 coastal areas / towns / roads ●rusty a. a rusty metal object is covered in rust （生）锈的 ●mesh n. [C, U]（用铁丝、绳等制成的）网状物，网 ●haul
vt.to pull or carry something heavy from one place to another with a lot ofeffort(用力)拖，拉：运送 I hauled my luggage to the nearest hotel. odeck n.[C](on~)the outside top part ofa ship that you can walk on A lot of passengers were sittingup on deck. .brim vi.(~with)to be full ofsomething充溢：充满 Rob was brimming with enthusiasm. ●clamp vt(~to/around/on)to put or hold something firmly in position夹住： 固定 Jack has always got a mobile phone clamped to his ear. n.[C]a tool used for holding or fastening two things together firmly 具：钳 ●defy vt.to refuse to obey a law or rule,or to refuse to do what someone in authority tells you to do(公然)违抗，反抗，不服从 Nearly 11,000 people have been arrested for defying the ban on street trading. ●captive n.[C]someone who is being kept as a prisoner俘虏 The rebels promise to release their captives unharmed if their demands are met. a.(take/hold sb~)keptas a prisoner被俘虏的；被监禁的 She was kidnapped and held captive for over a week. ●productive a.1 achievinggood results富有成效的 Your work at the office has not been very productive. 2 making or growing things in large quantities富饶的；多产的 People are thinking of ways to make more productive use of agricultural land. Phrases and expressions
vt. to pull or carry something heavy from one place to another with a lot of effort （用力）拖，拉；运送 I hauled my luggage to the nearest hotel. ●deck n. [C] (on ~) the outside top part of a ship that you can walk on 甲板 A lot of passengers were sitting up on deck. ●brim vi. (~ with) to be full of something 充溢；充满 Rob was brimming with enthusiasm. ●clamp vt. (~ to / around / on) to put or hold something firmly in position 夹住； 固定 Jack has always got a mobile phone clamped to his ear. n. [C] a tool used for holding or fastening two things together firmly 夹 具；钳 ●defy vt. to refuse to obey a law or rule, or to refuse to do what someone in authority tells you to do （公然）违抗，反抗，不服从 Nearly 11,000 people have been arrested for defying the ban on street trading. ●captive n. [C] someone who is being kept as a prisoner 俘虏 The rebels promise to release their captives unharmed if their demands are met. a. (take / hold sb ~) kept as a prisoner 被俘虏的；被监禁的 She was kidnapped and held captive for over a week. ●productive a. 1 achieving good results 富有成效的 Your work at the office has not been very productive. 2 making or growing things in large quantities 富饶的；多产的 People are thinking of ways to make more productive use of agricultural land. Phrases and expressions