A)can discern other people' s shortcomings but not their owns Hold hostile views to others C)take advantage of others to achieve their own purposes D)are willing to help each other 30. The words“ spontaneous"and“ natural”(Para.2) indicate that_ Aurban people lack creativity and originality Burban people are clever than rural people Curban life is colorful and interesting Durban existence is full of change and stimulation Passage 3 Questions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage The first pre-election poll, or straw vote", as it was then called was conducted by the harrisburg pennsylvanian before the 1824 presidential election This straw vote and the many that followed it really registered nothing but local opinion. However, as communications improved and elections were won by closer and closer margins, newspapers and journals tried desperately to satisfy iriosity in more reliable ways Before the 1928 elections, no fewer than eighty-five publications made private Inquiries, generall! by means of questionnaires(问卷、调查表) sent to subscribers(il F)and by telephone surveys The principle common to all these inquiries was that they depended on quantity rather than quality; little effort was made to reach representatives of all segments(ass)of the population. Still, the erroneous belief persisted that the greater the number of questionnaires, the more accurate the results would be. The record was held by the american monthly Literary Digest, which sent out millions of postcards with short and pointed questions before each election, and received many hundreds of thousands of replies. In fact in 1932, the Literary Digest's forecast was off by only 1 percent. In view of such striking achievements, it seemed rather impertinent(a E B)for the young American journalist, George Gallup, to claim that large numbers were irrelevant, and that equally accurate or better predictions could be made with small but carefully selected sample of the population and a small team of skilled interviewers In 1936, it took Gallup a long time to convince thirty -five newspaper editors that his system was much cheaper than the customary mass inquiries and that it could provide surprisingly accurate predictions. The editors finally agreed, on condition that if Gallups predictions were less accurate than those obtained by the tried method of the Literary Digest, he would have to refund(afz)the entire cost of the investigation. Although the Literary Digest broke its own record by obtaining two million replies to its electoral postcards that year, its prediction was wrong by 19 percent, whereas Gallup's was off by less than 1 percent. 31. From the passage we know that the earliest pre-election polls were [D#3
A)can discern other people’s shortcomings but not their owns B)hold hostile views to others C)take advantage of others to achieve their own purposes D)are willing to help each other 30.The words“spontaneous”and “natural”(Para.2) indicate that ____ . A)urban people lack creativity and originality B)urban people are clever than rural people C)urban life is colorful and interesting D)urban existence is full of change and stimulation Passage 3 Questions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage. The first pre-election poll, or “straw vote”,as it was then called,was conducted by the Harrisburg Pennsylvanian before the 1824 presidential election.This straw vote and the many that followed it really registered nothing but local opinion.However, as communications improved and elections were won by closer and closer margins,newspapers and journals tried desperately to satisfy their readers’ curiosity in more reliable ways. Before the 1928 elections,no fewer than eighty-five publications made private inquiries,generally by means of questionnaires(问卷、调查表)sent to subscribers(订户) and by telephone surveys.The principle common to all these inquiries was that they depended on quantity rather than quality;little effort was made to reach representatives of all segments(部分) of the population.Still,the erroneous belief persisted that the greater the number of questionnaires,the more accurate the results would be .The record was held by the American monthly Literary Digest,which sent out millions of postcards with short and pointed questions before each election,and received many hundreds of thousands of replies.In fact ,in 1932,the Literary Digest’s forecast was off by only 1 percent. In view of such striking achievements,it seemed rather impertinent(粗鲁的) for the young American journalist,George Gallup,to claim that large numbers were irrelevant,and that equally accurate or better predictions could be made with a small but carefully selected sample of the population and a small team of skilled interviewers. In 1936,it took Gallup a long time to convince thirty-five newspaper editors that his system was much cheaper than the customary mass inquiries and that it could provide surprisingly accurate predictions.The editors finally agreed,on condition that if Gallup’s predictions were less accurate than those obtained by the tried method of the Literary Digest,he would have to refund (赔偿) the entire cost of the investigation.Although the Literary Digest broke its own record by obtaining two million replies to its electoral postcards that year,its prediction was wrong by 19 percent,whereas Gallup’s was off by less than 1 percent. 31.From the passage we know that the earliest pre-election polls were [CD#3
I in reflecting the public opinions. A)meaningful B)inaccurate C)satisfying D)successful[Z K)] 32. All of the following are the characteristics of the inquiries mentioned in the second paragraph except A)a large number of questionnaires were sent out B)quantity rather than quality was emphasized Almost no effort was made to interview people from every walk of life D)every publication in America got involved 33. We can infer from the passage that in the beginning the newspaper editor s were Gallup's system A)doubtful of C)displeased with Enthusiastic about D)indignant at 34. We can infer from the passage that in the early 1930s A)Gallup was a famous journalist B)the Literary Digest liked to break records C)the literary Digest was the biggest monthly in America D)the method of the Literary Digest was popular and well-received 35. Gallup's system proved to be A)much cheape B)a great failure C)a huge success D)much costly Pa 4 Questions 36 to 40 are based on the following passage Researchers have established that when people are mentally engaged, biochemical c hanges occur in the brain that allow it to act more effectively in cognitive u XHBJ)areas such as attention and memory. This is true regardless of age People wil! be alert(警觉的) and receptive(愿意接受的) if they are face with information that gets them to think about things they are interested in And someone with a history of doing more rather than less will go into old age more cognitively sound than someone who has not had an active mind Many experts are so convinced of the benefits of challenging the brain that they are putting the theory to work in their own lives. The idea is not necessarily to learn to memorize enormous amounts of information "says James Fozard associa te director of the National Institute on aging. "Most of us don't need that kind of skill. Such specific training is of less interest than being able to maintain mental alertness. " Fozard and others say they challenge their brains with differ ent mental skills, both because they enjoy them and because they are sure that
] in reflecting the public opinions. A)meaningful B)inaccurate C)satisfying D)successful[Z K)] 32.All of the following are the characteristics of the inquiries mentioned in the second paragraph except____ . A)a large number of questionnaires were sent out B)quantity rather than quality was emphasized C)almost no effort was made to interview people from every walk of life D)every publication in America got involved 33.We can infer from the passage that in the beginning the newspaper editor s were____ Gallup’s system. A)doubtful of C)displeased with B)enthusiastic about D)indignant at 34.We can infer from the passage that in the early 1930s____ . A)Gallup was a famous journalist B)the Literary Digest liked to break records C)the literary Digest was the biggest monthly in America D)the method of the Literary Digest was popular and well-received 35.Gallup’s system proved to be____ . A)much cheaper B)a great failure C)a huge success D)much costly Passage 4 Questions 36 to 40 are based on the following passage. Researchers have established that when people are mentally engaged,biochemical c hanges occur in the brain that allow it to act more effectively in cognitive(认 知的) areas such as attention and memory.This is true regardless of age. People will be alert(警觉的) and receptive (愿意接受的) if they are face d with information that gets them to think about things they are interested in. And someone with a history of doing more rather than less will go into old age more cognitively sound than someone who has not had an active mind. Many experts are so convinced of the benefits of challenging the brain that they are putting the theory to work in their own lives.“The idea is not necessarily to learn to memorize enormous amounts of information,” says James Fozard,associa te director of the National Institute on aging.“Most of us don’t need that kind of skill.Such specific training is of less interest than being able to maintain mental alertness.”Fozard and others say they challenge their brains with differ ent mental skills,both because they enjoy them and because they are sure that