Longest Chain The number of carbons in the longest chain determines the base name ethane, hexane. Listed in Table 3.2 page 81 If there are two possible chains with the same number of carbons use the chain With the most substituents CH-CH2-CH 3 CH H3 C-CH2- C—CH-→CH2CH2CH3 CH Chapter 3
Chapter 3 6 Longest Chain • The number of carbons in the longest chain determines the base name: ethane, hexane. (Listed in Table 3.2, page 81.) • If there are two possible chains with the same number of carbons, use the chain with the most substituents. C CH3 CH2 CH3 CH CH2 CH2 CH3 CH CH2 CH3 H3C H3C =>
Number the carbons Start at the end closest to the first attached group If two substituents are equidistant, look for the next closest group CHa CH 34 H3C--CH-CH-CH2--CH2-CH-CH3 CH2CH Chapter 3
Chapter 3 7 Number the Carbons • Start at the end closest to the first attached group. • If two substituents are equidistant, look for the next closest group. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 H3 C CH CH3 CH CH2 CH3 CH2 CH2 CH CH3 CH3 =>
Name Alkyl Groups CH3", methyl CH3CH2-", ethyl CH CH3--CH-CH CH3CH2CH2-", n-propyl ISObEL CH3CH2CH2CH2", n-butyl CH CH3-CH-CH2 CH3--CH-CH2-CH3 H3C-C-CH3 isopropyl sec-but tert-butyl hapter 3
Chapter 3 8 Name Alkyl Groups • CH3 -, methyl • CH3CH2 -, ethyl • CH3CH2CH2 -, n-propyl • CH3CH2CH2CH2 -, n-butyl CH3 CH CH2 CH3 sec-butyl CH3 CH CH3 CH2 isobutyl CH3 CH CH3 isopropyl H3 C C CH3 CH3 tert-butyl =>
Propyl Groups HH H HH H H_C-C_C-H H—C—C—C—H HH H HHH n-propyl Isopropyl A primary carbon a secondary carbon hapter 3
Chapter 3 9 Propyl Groups C H H H C H H C H H H n-propyl C H H H C H C H H H isopropyl H A primary carbon A secondary carbon =>
Butyl Groups HHH H HHH H H—C-C-C-C—HH—C-C-C-C-H HHH H H HH n-butyl sec-bu a primary carbon a secondary carbon hapter 3 10
Chapter 3 10 Butyl Groups C H H H C H C H H C H H H C H H H C H C H H H C H H n-butyl sec-butyl H H A primary carbon A secondary carbon =>