麻黄 伤寒解肌第一药 H H CH3 OH HN-CH3 临床用于支气管哮喘 二⑦人長井長義 1885(G.Yamanashi)isolated crude ephedrine 1887长井(Nagai Nagayoshi)got crystaline 1911长井合成消旋的麻黄碱 Ephedrine was synthesised by Spath in 1920. 麻黄素是西方药典收录的第一种来源于中药的药物， 因此它的提取和药理研究被誉为中药现代化的开端。开创 了交感神经受体外源性药物，惊动了全世界医药界
麻黄碱Ephedrine CH, 麻黄碱 Ephedrine Nagayoshi Nagai OH 陈克恢 H CH3 Chen KK and Schmidt CF.. Pharmacol.Exp.Ther.1924,24:339- 357. DN装HAT Chen KK and Schmidt CF.J.Am. 麻黄碱Ephedrine Med.Assoc.1926,87:836-84. Scott CC,Robbins EB and Chen KK. The 20th century is a Science1946,104:587-588. century of Ephedra Scott CC Robbins EB and Chen KK. Science1946,105:176
Ephedra -A Sacred Plant Ephedra have been identified at European neanderthal burial sites dating from 60,000 BCE The holy plant called Haoma or Ephedra (Ephedra major host)in Zoroastrianism Zoroastrianism拜火教
麻黄碱与伪麻黄碱 OH -NH Ephedrine Pseudoephedrine 1887年N.Nagi 1889年默克从欧 赵中蝦 陈克恢 从中国麻黄提出 洲产麻黄中提出 赵承嘏 1892长井分出 1924年和1926年陈克恢发表了两篇英文论文，证明麻黄碱是一种很 有效的新药，有拟交感神经作用。这一发现的意义在于：中药的有效成 分具有内源性肾上腺素和去甲肾上腺素的类似功能，开创了交感神经受 体外源性药物，惊动了全世界医药学界。 1926年，礼来将麻黄碱推向市场，其后麻黄素在全世界得到应用。 世界上销售量最大、最引起世界轰动的从中药中提取的单体化合物
肾上腺素 HO Jokichi Takamine OH 高峰蕞吉(18541922) Epinephrine肾上腺素 Napoleon Cybulski (1854-1919) Isolated in 1895 Not Pure Polish physiologist Takamine Isolated in 1901 in Pure isolated in 1895 Synthesized in 1904 Drug Name:Epinephrine Trade Name:Adrenalin@(Parke,Davis Company) TAKAMINE Use:Hormone (vasopressor,stimulates heart muscle) Use:Treatment of cardiac arrest,treatment of 丛Q园 anaphylaxis,treatment of sepsis,can be mixed TAKAMINE让樱花 with injectable forms of local anesthetics 盛开在美国的男子