《大学英语四级考试资料》英语通

英语通 大学英语四级考试版 1999年1月第3篇阅读: securily of knowing that property is protected The appeal of advertising lo buying mo- hy insurance makes the purchase of fire insur- tives can have both negative and positive ef- ance a worthwhile investment for most people fects. Consumers may be convinced to buy a If consumers consider the quality of the insur- product of poor quality or high price because ance plans as well as the message in the ad of an advertisement. For example, some adver- they will benefit from the advertising tisers have appealed to people's desire for bet- Each consumer must evaluate her or his ter fuel economy for their cars by advertising own situation. Are the benefits of the produet automotive products that improve gasoline important enough to justify buying it? Advertis mileage. Some of the products work. Others are ing is intended to appeal to consumers, but it worthless and a waste of consumers'money does not force them to buy the product. Con Sometimes advertising is intentionally sumers still control the final buying decision misleading. A few years ago a brand of bread The passage is mainly about was offered to dieters(节食者) with the mes A. how to make a wise buying decision sage that there were fewer calories(热量单位, B. ways to protect the interests of the con- 大卡) in every slice. It turned out that the sumer bread was not dietetic(适合于节食的),but C. the positive and negative aspects of just regular bread. There were fewer calories advertising because it was sliced very thin, but there were D. the function of advertisements in pro- the same number of calories in every loaf. moting sales On the positive side, emotional appeal 文章开门见山。然后在第二段用一句表 may respond to a consumers real concerns.示否定的话,在以后的段落还出现表示相反 Consider fire insurance. Fire insurance may be意义的句子。把这两种观点或者看法综合起 sold by appealing to fear of loss. But fear of来,就是文章的主题思想。因此,我们很容易 oss is the real reason for fire insurance.The找到答案C。面 至新子轮“求套”活动待您的与 《英语通》创刊于1994年,十年来的不 3.Email求疵:help@eep.com.cn 断发展与完善使它真正成为辅导全国学生 4.信件求疵:来信寄至吉林省通化市 考试的好朋友。为了将《英语通》办成一份精西昌工贸开发区2号英语辅导报社总编室 品杂志,新学期,我刊将继续开展“求疵”活“求疵”活动;邮编:134001 动。“花钱买批评,诚心为读者”一直是“求 严瑾(高中、大学负责人) 疵”活动的宗旨。如果您在杂志上发现任何 火无论以何种方式参与此活动,请务必 错误、不足,或者您对《英语通》有任何建议注明您所在的学校、年级及“求疵”字样。 和意见,请于第一时间毫不犹豫地告诉我 们。我们的进步来自于您挑剔的眼光。《英语 奖励办法:凡“求疵”活动的参与者,都 通》期待您的热情参与。 将获得我们为您精心设计的“求疵纪念卡”。 参与办法: 对于第一位求疵内容正确的读者及有价值 电话求疵:0435-3940599 建议的提出者,我们将登刊致谢,并奖励精 2.传真求疵:0435-3940566 美图书。 200503

专项辅导 票经试测理匙的 把分易属题族巧(=) ●南京航空航天大学沈骑 南京师范大学 董晓波 在四级考试中,理解短文应是解题的先 例1 决条件,而能否正确选择答案则是检验应试 Navajo is a member of a subgroup of the 者阅读能力的重要尺度,也是获得阅读部分 Athabascan branch of the Nadene language 高分的关键。因此,应试者必须熟悉阅读部分 family. Anthropological and linguistic research 的问题类型,掌握一些能够迅速准确解题的 seems to indicate that Nadene speaking people 临场技巧。 arrived in Alaska from Asia about 3,000 years 经过笔者对历年全真四级试卷分析,阅ago. By the close of the first millennium after 读理解问题类型可归纳为两大类: their arrival, the Tlingit and Athabascan separa A.事实性问题( factual questions) tion had already taken place B.推理性问题( inference questions The Nadene speaking people arrived In 事实性问题以文章提供的信息为基础 Alaska from 通常以wh-提问。有些问题还要求根据文章 (A) Alaska 内容寻找四个答案中哪一个未曾提及或与事 (B) The west of the U.S.A 实不符。 (C) The east of the U.S.A 推理性问题一般可分为以下七类 ()Asia .要求找出主题思想; 短文第二句告诉我们, Nadene speaking b.要求指出含义; people是在大约三千年前从亚洲来到阿拉斯 c.要求释义 加的。因此,可以迅速得出(D)为本题正确答 d.要求选择标题; 案 e.要求估计本文前后内容 有时,尽管问题不以wh-形式出题,但 f.要求找出文章的出处 是,所问的内容仍属事实性问题。请看例2: g.要求找出文章的目的。 A University of Versailles student may take 为便于同学们理解,请看以下释例 coursework at another institution of higher ed ucation as a transient student. For all courses A.事实性问题 other than general studies, the student must ob- tain prior written permission from the dean of 事实性问题一般以who, what, when, the college in which the student is enrolled; for where; why, which等wh-及how的形式出 general study courses, prior written permission 题。完成这类题的关键不在于细读文章,而在 must be obtained from the dean of the Univer- 于速度。应试者需迅速查找信息,以便准确答 sity College. 题 For general study courses, permission must 2005.03

英语通,大学四级试 be obtained from 【试题详解】 (A)the dean of women 1.回答本题的信息来自本文第 (B)the university admission office 句。答案是(D)。题中 ample room与第一、二 (C)the office of general studies 句中的 sufficient surface area, get his knees (D)the dean of the University College comfortably under the table.等意义上一致。 回答本题的信息直接来自第二句的后半 2.短文中第三句指出,避免将仪器放置 部分: for general study courses,…perm 于强烈、耀眼的光线下。另外,第四句提供 must be obtained from the dean of the Un 了试验可以在正常的房间光照下进行的信 sity College.。因此,本题答案是(D)。 息。因此,(C)“房间必须有正常的光照”便是 例3也是一篇要求回答事实性问题的文本题答案。 章。但应试者须在将短文中有关提供住处的 3.从第四句得知,一般的光照可以保护 措词与问题里的用词略加比较后才能做出正仪器,不至于使强光影响试验结果。因此,答 确选择 案是(B)。 outside light与 outside illumination 例3 同义 Place the instrument on a table of a con 事实性问题里还有一类题目是要求根据 ventional height, with sufficient surface area 文章内容,找出四个选择答案中哪一个在文 permit the person conducting the tests to record中没有提到或与事实不符,或几个答案中只 the results and manipulate the various controls.有哪个是正确的。做这类题时,要迅速查读文 The subject should be able to get his knees中曾出现过的答案,再选出作者未叙迷部分 comfortably under the table and he is seated at的答案;或将原文与选择题进行对照,去伪存 the instrument. Avoid positioning the instru-真,便可得出正确答案。 ment where strong, glaring light, such as sun- 例4 light, shines directly into the instrument or on Spiders and scorpions belong to a class of the subject's face. The vision tests can be ad- arthropoda known as chelicerate. The head of ministered under normal room illumination a spider is fused to the thorax to form a (daylight or artificial), as the instrument is suffi- cephalothorax, which is separated from the ab- ciently hooded and protected so that outside il domen by a deep constitution and bears four lumination does not affect the results pairs of walking legs. The abdomen is not seg- 1. The instrument should be placed mented.Spiders, being soft-bodied, are rarely (A)in a dark room preserved as fossils (B)close to the subjects knees Which statement is true? (C) in direct sunlight (A)Spiders became fossils D)on a table with ample room for the (B) The spider's head forms cephalotho tester raxes 2. For the test, the room must (C) The spiders are among the most ancient (A)be darkened(B)be brightly lit records of land animals (C) have average lighting (D) The spiders head is not separated ()be free of dust 根据本文第二句得知,蜘蛛的头和胸部 3. The result of the vision test could be made 结合成为胸部;与答案(B)的内容相吻合,而 invalid by 其它三个答案均与原文不符。因此,(B)在去 (A)the person recording the results 伪存真之后,被定为正确答案。 outside light 综合历年四级试题的要求,本类题目 (C)a low table 般可以归纳如下: ()the various controls a)Which of the following statements is 200503

专项辅导 NOT supported by the passage? a story, can generate ideas for many pictures b)Which of the following is NOT a reason done with crayons or paints. The child is thus given by the author to explain.? developing ways of communicating. He uses his c)Which of the following is NOT men picture and talks about his experience. The reg- tioned in the passage as...? ular routine of the days in kindergarten helps d)which of the following is NOT an ex- children establish certain patterns of living. All nple of.as described in the passage? of these things are part of a maturity schedule e )According to the passage, which of the that prepares a child for his nest stage of growth following is NOT a factor in..."? 1. The main idea of this passage concerns f)Which of the following statements Is NOT true according to the information in the (A)the development of kindergarten chil passage dre g)All of the following are mentioned in (B)communication patterns of young the passage as… EXCEPT children h) Which of the following is (C)the maturation of children cluded in.? ()living patterns of children i) The passage mentions that . did all of 本文第一句的前半部分便开门见山地论 the following EXCEPT 及幼儿园孩子可以在所处的环境中发展各种 A、j) The author mentions all the following as兴趣。 接着围绕该论点,就如何发展孩子的各 方面能力展开了讨论。第三句谈到孩子可以 B.推理性问题 通过上述途径发展交际能力。最后的总结是, 所有这一切都是培养孩子趋向成熟的计划之 根据前面归类,四级阅读理解部分的推一部分。根据阅读分析,本文通篇谈论的都是 理性问题大致可以分成七种类型。下面,我们一个主题,即第一句的前半句。因而正确答案 逐类举例说明。 是(A) (A)要求找出主题 常见的四级试题中有关找主题的题目还 找主题是四级阅读部分每次必考的问题有以下形式 类型之一。应试者应根据短文找出主题思想 a)What is the main subject (topic) of the 需要指出的是,有时主题思想在文章第一句 passage 里,因为一些作者习惯于开门见山这种写作 b) What does the passage mainly discuss? 方式;然而有时却并非如此,须通读全文之后 c)What is the main idea expressed in the 方能得出结论。因此,必须视情况区别对待, passage? 请看下例。 d)What is the author's main point? 例 e)Which of the following statements best The kindergarten child will develop many expresses the main idea of the passage? nterests in the world around him and the f)With what topic (subject) is the passage teacher can use field trips to the school ground mainly(primarily) concerned? or around the block to arouse interests to the g) The main subject(theme)(topic) of th point of having projects grow out of these ex- passage is periences. For example, a story about buildings h) The main point of the passage is or pets, plus a walk around the schoolyard with the teacher pointing out the things described in (待续) 2005.03

英语通 大学英语四级考试版 理 烟台师范学院滕延江 Pets are truly members of the American project with everyone's needs, concerns, fears, family. About 60% of U.S. households have at and medical history (including allergies) least one dog, cat, bird, or other companion considered. Family members should decide animal. Many have more than one. Pets are together what kind of animal they want, the ular because they provide companionship, amount of time they ding with joy, unconditional love, a sense of safety, and it, and the amount of responsibility each person often a service. These are probably some of the is willing to assume. Be realistic. Promises reasons why you're thinking about getting a from some family members. particularly pet. Animals are fun to be with every day. children, may not be fulfilled. Your goal is to They make us feel good! Your pet -owning identify the best animal (s)for your living experience will be most enjoyable if you take space, lifestyle, and budget the time to consider which animal best suits For instance, active dogs need more space your family. You can start by answering some and more daily exercise than older or more easy questions and gathering sound information sedentary(久坐着不动的)dogs. Some pets and advice. This process won't take long and it may get enough exercise within the confines of will be educational and fun, particularly for a house or apartment. For their own safety, children dogs and cats should not be allowed to run un- The best way to select your pet is to listen controlled, but should be walked on a leash or to the veterinarians' recommendation. A pet exercised in an enclosed area. Mo will become your daily responsibility, so make are better kept indoors or in a suitable kennel an informed pet selection. Don't let the playful (8)8)while you're gone. Cats, birds, and strange things of the first puppy, kitten, or bird small mammals can adapt to any sIze living you see or the latest status-symbol pet charm quarters. You and your family should discuss you into accepting a responsibility for which the reasons you want a companion animal and you and your family are not prepared. You' ve what you expect an animal to do with and for read articles about the millions of unwanted you. Most people keep pets as companions. pets that have to be put to death each year. whereas others enjoy animals for showing, Pets selected on impulse, for the children, or breeding, hunting, or other reasons, Will the as a gift during the holidays sometimes end up animal you're considering have the tempera this way. These pets once belonged to people ment and physical attributes to participate in who fell in love-and then changed their your outdoor activities (hiking, hunting, or minds. Selecting a pet should be a family camping) or in quiet pastimes at home? If your 200503