2008年考研英语真题和答案

2008年考研英语真题和答案 Section I Use of english Directions Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points) The idea that some groups of people may be more intelligent than others is one of those hypotheses that dare not speak its name. But Gregory Cochran is to say it anyway. He is that bird, a scientist who works independent ly any institution. He helped popularize the idea that some diseases not thought to have a bacterial cause were actually infections which aroused much controversy when it was first suggested he, however, might tremble at the of what he is about to do. Together with another two scientists, he is publishing a paper which not only that one group of humanity is more intelligent than the others, but explains the process that has brought this about. The group in are a particular people originated from central Europe. The process is natural selection. This group generally do well in IQ test, 12-15 points above the value of 100, and have contributed to the intellectual and cultural life of the west as the of their elites, including several world-renowned scientists,. they also suffer more often than most people from a number of nasty genetic diseases, such as breast cancer. These facts,, have previously been

2008 年考研英语真题和答案 Section I Use of English Directions: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points) The idea that some groups of people may be more intelligent than others is one of those hypotheses that dare not speak its name. But Gregory Cochran is to say it anyway. He is that bird, a scientist who works independently any institution. He helped popularize the idea that some diseases not thought to have a bacterial cause were actually infections, which aroused much controversy when it was first suggested. he, however, might tremble at the of what he is about to do. Together with another two scientists, he is publishing a paper which not only that one group of humanity is more intelligent than the others, but explains the process that has brought this about. The group in are a particular people originated from central Europe. The process is natural selection. This group generally do well in IQ test, 12-15 points above the value of 100, and have contributed to the intellectual and cultural life of the West, as the of their elites, including several world-renowned scientists, . They also suffer more often than most people from a number of nasty genetic diseases, such as breast cancer. These facts, , have previously been

thought unrelated. The former has been to social effects, such as a strong tradition of education. The latter was seen as a(an)of genetic isolation. Dr Cochran suggests that the intelligence and diseases are intimately. His argument is that the unusual history of these people has them to unique evolutionary pressures that have resulted in this state of affairs 1. [A] selected prepared [c] obliged [D] pleased 2. [A] unique particular [C] special [D] rare 3. [A] of with [c] in [D] against 4. [A] subsequently presently [c] previously [D] lately 5. [A]Only So [C] Even [D]Hence 6. [A] thought sight [C] cost [D] risk 7. [A] advises suggests [C] protests [D] objects 8. [A] progress fact [C] need [D] question 9. [A] attaining scoring [C] reaching [D] calculating 10. [A] normal common [C] mean [D] total 11. [A] unconsciously disproportionately [C] indefinitely [D] unaccountably 12. [A] missions fortunes [c] interests [D] careers 13. [A] affirm witness [C] observe [D] appro 14. [A] moreover therefore [c] however [D] meanwhile 15. [A] given up got over [C] carried on [D] put down 16. [A] assessing supervising [C] administering [D] valuing

thought unrelated. The former has been to social effects, such as a strong tradition of education. The latter was seen as a (an) of genetic isolation. Dr. Cochran suggests that the intelligence and diseases are intimately . His argument is that the unusual history of these people has them to unique evolutionary pressures that have resulted in this state of affairs. 1. [A] selected prepared [C] obliged [D] pleased 2. [A] unique particular [C] special [D] rare 3. [A] of with [C] in [D] against 4. [A] subsequently presently [C] previously [D] lately 5. [A] Only So [C] Even [D] Hence 6. [A] thought sight [C] cost [D] risk 7. [A] advises suggests [C] protests [D] objects 8. [A] progress fact [C] need [D] question 9. [A] attaining scoring [C] reaching [D] calculating 10. [A] normal common [C] mean [D] total 11. [A] unconsciously disproportionately [C] indefinitely [D] unaccountably 12. [A] missions fortunes [C] interests [D] careers 13. [A] affirm witness [C] observe [D] approve 14. [A] moreover therefore [C] however [D] meanwhile 15. [A] given up got over [C] carried on [D] put down 16. [A] assessing supervising [C] administering [D] valuing

17. [A] development origin [C] consequence [D] instrument 18. [A] linked integrated [c] woven [D] combined 19. [A] limited subjected [c] converted [D] directed 20. [A] paradoxical incompatible [c] inevitable [D] continuous Section II Reading Comprehension Part a Directions: Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1.(40 oints) Text 1 While still catching-up to men in some spheres of modern life, women appear to be way ahead in at least one undesirable category. Women are particularly susceptible to developing depression and anxiety disorders in response to stress compared to men, "according to Dr. yehuda, chief psychiatrist at New yorks Veterans Administration Hospital studies of both animals and humans have shown that *xs hormones somehow affect the stress response, causing females under stress to produce more of the trigger chemicals than do males under the same conditions. In several of the studies when stressed-out female rats had their ovaries(the female reproductive organs)removed, their chemical responses became equal to those of the males

17. [A] development origin [C] consequence [D] instrument 18. [A] linked integrated [C] woven [D] combined 19. [A] limited subjected [C] converted [D] directed 20. [A] paradoxical incompatible [C] inevitable [D] continuous Section II Reading Comprehension Part A Directions: Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. (40 points) Text 1 While still catching-up to men in some spheres of modern life, women appear to be way ahead in at least one undesirable category. “Women are particularly susceptible to developing depression and anxiety disorders in response to stress compared to men,” according to Dr. Yehuda, chief psychiatrist at New York’s Veteran’s Administration Hospital. Studies of both animals and humans have shown that *** hormones somehow affect the stress response, causing females under stress to produce more of the trigger chemicals than do males under the same conditions. In several of the studies, when stressed-out female rats had their ovaries (the female reproductive organs) removed, their chemical responses became equal to those of the males

Adding to a woman's increased dose of stress chemicals, are her increased"opportunities"for stress. " It's not necessarily that women don't cope as well. It's just that they have so much more to cope with says Dr. yehuda.Their capacity for tolerating stress may even be greater than mens, she observes, " it's just that they re dealing with so any more things that they become worn out from it more visibly and sooner Dr. yehuda notes another difference between the sexes. "I think that the kinds of things that women are exposed to tend to be in more of a chronic or repeated nature. Men go to war and are exposed to combat stress. Men are exposed to more acts of random physical violence. The kinds of interpersonal violence that women are exposed to tend to be in domestic situations, by, unfortunately, parents or other family members and they tend not to be one -shot deals. The wear-and-tear that comes from these longer relationships can be quite devastating Adeline Alvarez married at 18 and gave birth to a son, but was determined to finish college. "I struggled a lot to get the college degree I was living in so much frustration that that was my escape, to go to school, and get ahead and do better. "Later, her marriage ended and she became a single mother. " It's the hardest thing to take care of a teenager, have a job, pay the rent, pay the car payment, and pay the debt. I lived from paycheck to paycheck

Adding to a woman’s increased dose of stress chemicals, are her increased “opportunities” for stress. “It’s not necessarily that women don’t cope as well. It’s just that they have so much more to cope with,” says Dr. Yehuda. “Their capacity for tolerating stress may even be greater than men’s,” she observes, “it’s just that they’re dealing with so many more things that they become worn out from it more visibly and sooner.” Dr. Yehuda notes another difference between the sexes. “I think that the kinds of things that women are exposed to tend to be in more of a chronic or repeated nature. Men go to war and are exposed to combat stress. Men are exposed to more acts of random physical violence. The kinds of interpersonal violence that women are exposed to tend to be in domestic situations, by, unfortunately, parents or other family members, and they tend not to be one-shot deals. The wear-and-tear that comes from these longer relationships can be quite devastating.” Adeline Alvarez married at 18 and gave birth to a son, but was determined to finish college. “I struggled a lot to get the college degree. I was living in so much frustration that that was my escape, to go to school, and get ahead and do better.” Later, her marriage ended and she became a single mother. “It’s the hardest thing to take care of a teenager, have a job, pay the rent, pay the car payment, and pay the debt. I lived from paycheck to paycheck

Not everyone experiences the kinds of severe chronic stresses alvarez describes. But most women today are coping with a lot of obligations, with few breaks, and feeling the strain Alvarez's experience demonstrates the importance of finding ways to diffuse stress before it threatens your health and your ability to function 21. Which of the following is true according to the first two paragraphs? [A] Women are biologically more vulnerable to stress Women are still suffering much stress caused by men [C] Women are more experienced than men in coping with stress [D] Men and women show different inclinations when faced with stress 22. Dr. yehuda's research suggests that women [A] need extra doses of chemicals to handle stress have limited capacity for tolerating stress [C] are more capable of avoiding stress [D] are exposed to more stress 23. According to Paragraph 4, the stress women confront tends to be [A] domestic and temporary irreqular and violent [C] durable and frequent [D] trivial and random 24. The sentence " I lived from paycheck to paycheck " (Line 6, Para. 5) shows that

Not everyone experiences the kinds of severe chronic stresses Alvarez describes. But most women today are coping with a lot of obligations, with few breaks, and feeling the strain. Alvarez’s experience demonstrates the importance of finding ways to diffuse stress before it threatens your health and your ability to function. 21. Which of the following is true according to the first two paragraphs? [A] Women are biologically more vulnerable to stress. Women are still suffering much stress caused by men. [C] Women are more experienced than men in coping with stress. [D] Men and women show different inclinations when faced with stress. 22. Dr. Yehuda’s research suggests that women [A] need extra doses of chemicals to handle stress. have limited capacity for tolerating stress. [C] are more capable of avoiding stress. [D] are exposed to more stress. 23. According to Paragraph 4, the stress women confront tends to be [A] domestic and temporary. irregular and violent. [C] durable and frequent. [D] trivial and random. 24. The sentence “I lived from paycheck to paycheck.” (Line 6, Para. 5) shows that