试卷代号：2157 国家开放大学（中央广播电视大学）2014年春季学期“开放专科”期末考试 英语阅读(3) 试题 2014年7月 注意事项 一、将你的学号、姓名及分校（工作站）名称填写在答题纸的规定栏 内。考试结束后，把试卷和答题纸放在桌上。试卷和答题纸均不得带 出考场。 二、仔细阅读每题的说明，并按题目要求答题。答案必须写在答题 纸的指定位置上，写在试卷上无效。 三、用蓝、黑圆珠笔或钢笔答题，使用铅笔答题无效。 685
试卷代号 国家开放大学(中央广播电视大学 4年春季学期"开放专科"期末考试 英语阅读 )试题 2014 年7 注意事项 一、将你的学号、姓名及分校(工作站)名称填写在答题纸的规定栏 内。考试结束后，把试卷和答题纸放在桌上。试卷和答题纸均不得带 出考场。 二、仔细阅读每题的说明，并按题目要求答题。答案必须写在答题 纸的指定位置上，写在试卷上无效。 三、用蓝、黑圆珠笔或钢笔答题，使用铅笔答题元效。 685
Part I Read Passage 1 and decide the meaning of the following words with the help of the context.The paragraph in which the word appears is indicated in brackets.Write A,B,or C on your answer sheet.(30 points,3 points each) Passage 1 The Good Life 1 Imagine something unhealthy dangerous,and expensive,and you will notice it is often enjoyable,too.The French call this "the good life"and say that life should be enjoyed generously,not protected carefully.Eating,drinking,smoking,driving fast -for the French,these are life's pleasures.Take them away,and you're left with a poor,colorless existence.Safe and healthy,perhaps.But safe and healthy is not "the good life"in France. 2 Take fat,for example.While much of the world,and the United States in particular, has gone on an "anti-fat"campaign,this is absolutely not the case in France.These days in American supermarkets one can see rows and rows of "lite food"-cookies,snacks,cheese, milk which have been made especially with reduced fat.The Americans say this is healthy. The French say this is stupid!They load up their shopping carts with fois gras("fatty goose liver"),rich cheeses,butter-soaked cakes and pastries.And what are the results? Amazingly,the French suffer less from obesity than the Americans.Heart attacks are about twice as likely to strike Americans,though the French eat three times more cheese,and four times as much butter!Hedonism,that is,believing that pleasure is the purpose of life, seems to bring health,not illness. 3 As for drinking,these days young professional Americans are becoming more cautious about their alcohol intake,saying that it is safer;healthier to drink less wine and more orange juice.Yet the French continue to enjoy their famous wines,with gusto.In fact, recent research has shown that moderate daily wine intake is good for us.Big U.S.drug companies are working on a pill that will reproduce the healthful chemical properties of wine. But anyone who has enjoyed a good French wine knows that the real benefit of this drink comes not just from a chemical compound,but from the serene pleasure -the enjoyment-of drinking it. 686
Part I Read Passage 1 and 配ide tbe meaning of tbe following words witb tbe belp of tbe context. Tbe paragrapb in wbicb tbe word appears is indicated in brackets. Write A, B, or C on yo町answer sb四:t. (30 points, 3 points eacb) Passagel The Good Life 1 Imagine something unhealthy dangerous, and expensive , and you will notice it is often enjoyable , too. The French call this "the good life" and say that life should be enjoyed generously , not protected carefully. Eating , drinking , smoking , driving fast - for the French , these are life's pleasures. Take them away , and you're left with a poor, colorless existence. Safe and healthy , perhaps. But safe and healthy is not "the good life" in France. 2 Take fat , for example. While much of the world , and the United States in particular, has gone on an "anti-fat" campaign , this is absolutely not the case in France. These days in American supermarkets one can see rows and rows of "lite food" - cookies, snacks, cheese , milk which have been made especially with reduced fat. The Americans say this is healthy. The French say this is stupid! They load up their shopping carts with fois gras ("fatty goose liver rich cheeses, butter-soaked cakes and pastries. And what are the results? Amazingly , the French suffer less from obesity than the Americans. Heart attacks are about twice as likely to strike Americans, though the French eat three times more cheese , and four times as much butter! Hedonism , that is, believing that pleasure is the purpose of life , seems to bring health , not illness. 3 As for drinking , these days young professional Americans are becoming more cautious about their alcohol intake , saying that it is safer; healthier to drink less wine and more orange juice. Yet the French continue to enjoy their famous wines, with gusto. In fact , recent research has shown that moderate daily wine intake is good for us. Big U. S. drug companies are working on a pill that will reproduce the healthful chemical properties of wine. But anyone who has enjoyed a good French wine knows that the real benefit of this drink comes not just from a chemical compound , but from the serene pleasure - the enjoyment 一of drinking it. 686
4 Smoking?The French choose to ignore the warnings that smoking is bad for the health.There is no significant antismoking movement here,no laws restricting smoking in offices,trains or restaurants.You can see them happily puffing between delicious courses of grilled beefsteak,rich cheeses,gallons of red wine.A doctor's nightmare?No,it's the good life! 5 But the place to see the French really live dangerously is the road.No rules,no lanes, just going as fast as possible at all times.Motorcycles drive wherever they want,even the wrong side of the road.Drivers are aggressive.Rush hour is a disorganized mess.But Parisian drivers don't show any anger while driving-no raised voices,no rude gestures, just serene and cool in the middle of the wild chaos.The key to driving in Paris is not caution.tis“sang froid”,literally“cold blood”.The way to have a heart attack is not by eating too much fatty cheese,butter,red meat,drinking too much wine,smoking too many cigarettes.It is by resenting life and getting upset with daily chaos.Going with the flow is the secret of the French"good life"-enjoying every mouthful of food and drink and smoke. Playing,but not playing it safe. Questions 1-10 are based on Passage 1. 1.generously (paragraph 1) A.happily B.willingly C.without limit 2.campaign (paragraph 2) A.planned activities supporting a belief B.camping C.holiday 3.obesity (paragraph 2) A.poverty B.fatness C.traffic jam 4.strike (paragraph 2) A.please B.hit C.change 687
B. willingly 4 Smoking? The French choose to ignore the warnings that smoking is bad for the health. There is no significant antismoking movement here , no laws 四tricting smoking in offices, trains or restaurants. You can see them happily puffing between delicious courses of grilled beefsteak , rich cheeses, gallons of red wine. A doctor' s nightmare? No , it' s the good life! 5 But the place to see the French really live dangerously is the road. No rules, no lanes, just going as fast as possible at all times. Motorcycles drive wherever they want , even the wrong side of the road. Drivers are aggressive. Rush hour is a disorganized mess. But Parisian drivers don't show any anger while driving - no raised voices, no rude gestures, just serene and cool in the middle of the wild chaos. The key to driving in Paris is not caution. It is "sang froid" , literally "cold blood". The way to have a heart attack is not by eating too much fatty cheese , butter, red meat , drinking too much wine , smoking too many cigarettes. It is by resenting life and getting upset with daily chaos. Going with the flow is the secret of the French "good life" - enjoying every mouthful of food and drink and smoke. Playing , but not playing it safe. Questions 1-10 are based on Passage 1. 1. generously (paragraph 1) A. happily c. without limit 2. campaign (paragraph 2) A. planned activities supporting a belief B. camping C. holiday 3. obesity (paragraph 2) A. poverty C. traffic jam 4. strike (paragraph 2) A. please C. change B. fatness B. hit 687
5.cautious (paragraph 3) A.careful B.careless C.happy 6.moderate (paragraph 3) A.a large amount of B.a small amount of C.a neither large nor small amount of 7.reproduce (paragraph 3) A.throw away B.create something similar C.get rid of 8.ignore (paragraph 4) A.disregard B.follow C.remember 9.restricting (paragraph 4) A.encouraging B.allowing C.limiting 10.upset (paragraph 5) A.excited B.tired C.unhappy PartⅡ Read Passage 2 and choose either A,B or C to complete each of the following statements.Write A,B or C on your answer sheet.(30 points,3 points each) Passage 2 Translating Fashion 1 It's seven o'clock in the morning and Natassia Antipova,a beautiful Russian financial consultant,is getting up in the Moscow apartment where she lives alone and asking herself: "What shall I wear today?"A decade ago her choices were simpler.Then,there was one kind of mascara,one color eye shadow.Now,Natassia's bathroom shelves are stocked with Avon,Estee Lauder,and Nina Ricci.Her closets contain Levis and Armanis,as well as 688
5. cautious (paragraph 3) A. careful B. careless c. happy 6. moderate (paragraph 3) A. a large amount of B. a small amount of C. a neither large nor small amount of (Ndumvm ap4- h)qa trre ‘ r k E T E-- r·0· xtgnudu hhetHWm B. create something similar B. follow 9. restricting (paragraph 4) A. encouraging B. allowing C. limiting 10. upset (paragraph 5) A. excited B. tired C. unhappy Part IT Read Passage 2 and choose either A, B or C to complete each of the following statements. Write A , B or C on your answer sheet. (30 points, 3 points each) Passage 2 Translating Fashion 1 It' s seven o'clock in the morning and Natassia Antipova , a beautiful Russian financial consultant , is getting up in the Moscow apartment where she lives alone and asking herself: "What shall I wear today?" A decade ago her choices were simpler. Then , there was one kind of mascara , one color eye shadow. Now , Natassia's bathroom shelves are stocked with Avon , Estee Lauder, and Nina Ricci. Her closets contain Levis and Armanis, as well as 688
local brand names.Her awareness of what makes a beautiful woman has been vastly expanded.In Tokyo,on the same day,Maki Ko is doing a presentation for her public relations company.Her trim size 8 figure is zipped into an Italian suit.In her English pocket-book Elizabeth Arden cosmetics share space with products from Shisiedo,the Tokyo-based beauty company.Last year Maki had Japan's most popular cosmetic surgery procedure,a rhinoplasty to make her button nose look more Western.The list goes on:The globalization of fashion is one of the phenomena of our time,a vast market for those companies who somehow have a look that translates worldwide. 2 There's nothing new,of course,about the process of fashionable imitation.In Roman Britain prosperous natives wore togas.This fashion remained popular for some time. "Likewise,after the Norman invasion of Britain in 1066,French styles became chic.This kind of fashion trend has been happening for centuries.But what is new is the sheer size and depth of penetration of this global fashion. 3 Consider Levi jeans,a company with a brand imprint carried by 2,800 retail companies in 45 countries.Worldwide sales for 1996 were US $7.1 billion.Or Estee Lauder,which since it went international in 1960,has penetrated 100 markets and racked up sales of $3.4 billion in 1997.Or take China,whose women were forbidden as recently as 10 years ago to powder their noses-in recent years,the fashion and cosmetics market has expanded by 20 to 30 percent annually.But is this all a plot by greedy designers, manufacturers and fashion editors to clone the world into one image?Alison Lurie,author of The Language of Clothes,thinks not.She says people and cultures themselves decide on what is fashion these days. 4 Of far more importance to fashion trends,according to Marc Bourgery,an advertising consultant,is the question of how a country entertains itself.He gives the example of Japan,a country that has a love affair with golf and,more recently,with American situation comedies."Japanese people now want to be defined as witty,successful and affluent,and so that style has become cool and sought after. 5 Bourgery,who travels the world in order to advise clients on which images sell best in which countries,thinks that global fashion is not about the West dictating to the East. 689
local brand names. Her awareness of what makes a beautiful woman has been vastly expanded. In Tokyo , on the same day , Maki Ko is doing a presentation for her public relations company. Her trim size 8 figure is zipped into an Italian suit. In her English pocket-book Elizabeth Arden cosmetics share space with products from Shisiedo , the Tokyo-based beauty company. Last year Maki had Japan' s most popular cosmetic surgery procedure , a rhinoplasty to make her button nose look more Western. The list goes on: The globalization of fashion is one of the phenomena of our time , a vast market for those companies who somehow have a look that translates worldwide. 2 There' s nothing new , of course , about the process of fashionable imitation. In Roman Britain prosperous natives wore togas. This fashion remained popular for some time. "Likewise , after the Norman invasion of Britain in 1066 , French styles became chic. This kind of fashion trend has been happening for centuries. But what is new is the sheer size and depth of penetration of this global fashion. 3 Consider Levi jeans, a company with a brand imprint carried by 2 , 800 retail companies in 45 cοuntries. Worldwide sales for 1996 were US $ 7. 1 billion. Or Estee Lauder , which since it went international in 1960 , has penetrated 100 markets and racked up sales of $ 3. 4 billion in 1997. Or take China , whose women were forbidden as recently as 10 years ago to powder their noses 一in recent years, the fashion and cosmetics market has expanded by 20 to 30 percent annually. But is this all a plot by greedy designers, manufacturers and fashion editors to clone the world into one image? Alison Lurie , author of The Language of Clothes, thinks not. She says people and cultures themselves decide on what is fashion these days. 4 Of far more importance to fashion trends, according to Marc Bourgery ,an advertising consultant , is the question of how a country entertains itself. He gives the example of Japan , a country that has a love affair with golf and , more recently , with American situation comedies. "Japanese people now want to be defined as witty , successful and affluent , and so that style has become cool and sought after. " 5 Bourgery , who travels the world in order to advise clients on which images sell best in which countries, thinks that global fashion is not about the West dictating to the East. 689