旌黄有子 《商务英语》 课后练习 III.Multiple choice: 1.Workers fear that the company's reorganization will layoffs. A.result from B.will result inC.result in D.will result out 2.Marketing traditionally has been for phone companies because of their monopoly mind-set. A.a fault B.a heel C.an Achilles'heel D.a misplay 3.Everyone was more interested in playing than reading-of Steve Vai. A.exception B.with exception C.except D.with the exception 4.Instead,another regrettable aspect of her personalityher to smile specially at this man. A.impelling B.impelled C.impel D.ordered 5.Women are generally lower than men,and wives lowest of all. A.stood B.situated C.rankedD.located 6.She stared at the beautiful garden beyond the terrace,fighting the inclination weep A.to B.for C.of D.to have 7.Professor Williams teaches English Literature and is a in the novels of George Orwell. A.specialistB.sophist C.professor D.scholar 8.There was a trial in early May this year,to determine whether Hughes was of reckless driving. A.guilt B.guilty C.gilt D.guiltily 9.These poems along with many others in a similar,show that working people were articulating aspects of their experience in verse. A.occasion B.situation C.kind D.vein 10.For many people,ageing is with a decline in emotional well-being. A.contacted B.associating C.associated D.related IV.Reading Comprehension: The actual utility of goods at a specific time and place depends on the nature of the wants that can then and there be satisfied,as well as upon the inherent characteristics of the goods themselves. Food,for instance,has a high utility if it is available when and where it is needed.It does not follow,however,that an infinite amount of food at that time and place would have infinite utility.If Crusoe picks and eats a banana,the fruit contributes toward relieving his hunger,a very important want,and it also satisfies his desire for a tasty food,another want distinct from mere nutrition.A second banana is not quite the equal of the first,as the sharp edge has been taken off the hunger sensation,and the taste satisfaction probably lacks something of being the equal of that gained from the original unit.By the time he reaches the fifth or sixth banana,the ability of another one to satisfy either hunger or taste at this time has sunk to a low level,and if he keeps up the process he soon arrives at a point where bananas have no further utility to him at the moment. -6-
《商务英语》 课后练习 III. Multiple choice: 1. Workers fear that the company's reorganization will _____ layoffs. A. result from B. will result in C. result in D. will result out 2. Marketing traditionally has been _____ for phone companies because of their monopoly mind-set. A. a fault B. a heel C. an Achilles’ heel D. a misplay 3. Everyone was more interested in playing than reading - _____ of Steve Vai. A. exception B. with exception C. except D. with the exception 4. Instead, another regrettable aspect of her personality _____ her to smile specially at this man. A. impelling B. impelled C. impel D. ordered 5. Women are generally _____ lower than men, and wives lowest of all. A. stood B. situated C. ranked D. located 6. She stared at the beautiful garden beyond the terrace, fighting the inclination _____ weep. A. to B. for C. of D. to have 7. Professor Williams teaches English Literature and is a _____ in the novels of George Orwell. A. specialist B. sophist C. professor D. scholar 8. There was a trial in early May this year, to determine whether Hughes was _____ of reckless driving. A. guilt B. guilty C. gilt D. guiltily 9. These poems along with many others in a similar _____, show that working people were articulating aspects of their experience in verse. A. occasion B. situation C. kind D. vein 10. For many people, ageing is _____ with a decline in emotional well-being. A. contacted B. associating C. associated D. related IV. Reading Comprehension: The actual utility of goods at a specific time and place depends on the nature of the wants that can then and there be satisfied, as well as upon the inherent characteristics of the goods themselves. Food, for instance, has a high utility if it is available when and where it is needed. It does not follow, however, that an infinite amount of food at that time and place would have infinite utility. If Crusoe picks and eats a banana, the fruit contributes toward relieving his hunger, a very important want, and it also satisfies his desire for a tasty food, another want distinct from mere nutrition. A second banana is not quite the equal of the first, as the sharp edge has been taken off the hunger sensation, and the taste satisfaction probably lacks something of being the equal of that gained from the original unit. By the time he reaches the fifth or sixth banana, the ability of another one to satisfy either hunger or taste at this time has sunk to a low level, and if he keeps up the process he soon arrives at a point where bananas have no further utility to him at the moment. - 6 -
旌黄有寸 《商务英语》 课后练习 This situation,we find,is not a peculiarity of bananas,but is characteristic of utilities in general.After the point of maximum utility (often the first unit)is passed,the utility of each successive additional unit becomes less and less until it finally reaches the vicinity of zero.This is called the principle of diminishing utility,and it is one manifestation of the general principle of diminishing returns,a mathematically based relation of very wide applicability. For many economic processes the utility of the last unit of a kind,the marginal unit,has a particular significance.Of course,any one of the groups could be the marginal unit.In the case of the bananas,no specific one can be singled out,prior to being selected for eating,as having more utility than another,but this is simply because we cannot tell in advance which will be selected first.We can,however,say definitely that the first banana picked will have the maximum utility, and the last one will have the least utility.As soon as the selection is made,the utility is determined.The utility of the last,or marginal,unit is the marginal utility of the total supply of bananas Questions: 1.The actual utility of goods depends on A.the nature of the wants that can be satisfied at a specified time and place B.the inherent characteristics of the goods themselves C.the amount of the goods that is available at a specified time and place D.A and B 2.Which of the following is not right? A.In the case of the bananas,no specific one has more utility than another. B.As soon as the selection is made,the utility is determined. C.We don't know which banana has the maximum utility because we cannot tell in advance which will be selected first. D.In the case of the bananas,any one of the group could be the marginal unit. 3.According to the passage,banana Crusoe picked has the biggest utility A.the first B.the second C.the last D.the fifth 4.According to the passage,banana Crusoe picked has the marginal utility. A.the first B.the second C.the last D.the fifth 5.About the principle of diminishing utility,which of the following is wrong? A.It is one manifestation of the general principle of diminishing returns,a mathematically based relation of very wide applicability. B.It only applies to food. C.After the point of maximum utility (often the first unit)is passed,the utility of each successive additional unit becomes less and less until it finally reaches the vicinity of zero. D.It is characteristic of utilities in general V.Translate the following into English: 1.虽然有一两个例外，但大多数学生都做得不错。 -7-
《商务英语》 课后练习 - 7 - This situation, we find, is not a peculiarity of bananas, but is characteristic of utilities in general. After the point of maximum utility (often the first unit) is passed, the utility of each successive additional unit becomes less and less until it finally reaches the vicinity of zero. This is called the principle of diminishing utility, and it is one manifestation of the general principle of diminishing returns, a mathematically based relation of very wide applicability. For many economic processes the utility of the last unit of a kind, the marginal unit, has a particular significance. Of course, any one of the groups could be the marginal unit. In the case of the bananas, no specific one can be singled out, prior to being selected for eating, as having more utility than another, but this is simply because we cannot tell in advance which will be selected first. We can, however, say definitely that the first banana picked will have the maximum utility, and the last one will have the least utility. As soon as the selection is made, the utility is determined. The utility of the last, or marginal, unit is the marginal utility of the total supply of bananas. Questions: 1. The actual utility of goods depends on _____. A. the nature of the wants that can be satisfied at a specified time and place B. the inherent characteristics of the goods themselves C. the amount of the goods that is available at a specified time and place D. A and B 2. Which of the following is not right? A. In the case of the bananas, no specific one has more utility than another. B. As soon as the selection is made, the utility is determined. C. We don’t know which banana has the maximum utility because we cannot tell in advance which will be selected first. D. In the case of the bananas, any one of the group could be the marginal unit. 3. According to the passage, _____ banana Crusoe picked has the biggest utility. A. the first B. the second C. the last D. the fifth 4. According to the passage, _____ banana Crusoe picked has the marginal utility. A. the first B. the second C. the last D. the fifth 5. About the principle of diminishing utility, which of the following is wrong? A. It is one manifestation of the general principle of diminishing returns, a mathematically based relation of very wide applicability. B. It only applies to food. C. After the point of maximum utility (often the first unit) is passed, the utility of each successive additional unit becomes less and less until it finally reaches the vicinity of zero. D. It is characteristic of utilities in general. V. Translate the following into English: 1. 虽然有一两个例外，但大多数学生都做得不错
莲肉乐猫有省上号 《商务英语》 课后练习 2.双方都没有表现出妥协的倾向。 3.有关这一主题的著书相对较少。 4.甚至一根香烟头也能给调查人员提供有关所发生事情的线索。 5.由于种种原因，我们队将不参加比赛。 6.我们简单解释一下这种治疗方法的情况： 7.我给旅馆打了个电话以确定他们己经给我们定下了房间。 8.萨姆一直做些小事去取悦她，但她甚至没有察觉。 9.我们最终找到了去咖啡馆的路。 10.我想传达给孩子们的意思是：阅读乃人生最大的乐事之一。 VI.Translate the following into Chinese: It is true that the advanced societies currently enjoy previously unparalleled standards of living,but that does not mean that there are no unmet needs or wants in these societies.In a country as rich as the United States some people still lack comprehensive medical care,not everyone who wants one has a car,and many people would like to live in houses better than those they currently occupy.These are more than glib points:they suggest that a society's wants are in fact limitless.All resources must be considered scarce because of the vast range of competing uses to which they could be put. 第三章 I.Answer the following questions: 1.In economic theory what do supply and demand mean? 2.Theoretically,how do supply and demand affect prices? 3.Are there any other factors affecting prices?Give some examples 4.How do these factors affect prices? 5.In the view of many economists,are supply and demand precise,primary and causal factors affecting prices?Why? 6.In what kind of economic systems is the price-determining mechanism of supply and demand operative? 7.Why has the scope of the operation of the supply-and-demand mechanism tended to be restricted? 8.What kind of role does government play in our economy? 9.What is your definition of socialist market economy? 10.As the 1990s began,new non-Communist governments in several Eastern European countries had adopted free market principles.Can you give some reasons? II.Fill in each blank of the following sentences with one of the words or phrases listed below and make changes when necessary: according to refer to take sth.into consideration regard sb./sth.as rather than tend to do -8-
《商务英语》 课后练习 - 8 - 2. 双方都没有表现出妥协的倾向。 3. 有关这一主题的著书相对较少。 4. 甚至一根香烟头也能给调查人员提供有关所发生事情的线索。 5. 由于种种原因，我们队将不参加比赛。 6. 我们简单解释一下这种治疗方法的情况。 7. 我给旅馆打了个电话以确定他们已经给我们定下了房间。 8. 萨姆一直做些小事去取悦她，但她甚至没有察觉。 9. 我们最终找到了去咖啡馆的路。 10. 我想传达给孩子们的意思是：阅读乃人生最大的乐事之一。 VI. Translate the following into Chinese: It is true that the advanced societies currently enjoy previously unparalleled standards of living, but that does not mean that there are no unmet needs or wants in these societies. In a country as rich as the United States some people still lack comprehensive medical care, not everyone who wants one has a car, and many people would like to live in houses better than those they currently occupy. These are more than glib points: they suggest that a society’s wants are in fact limitless. All resources must be considered scarce because of the vast range of competing uses to which they could be put. 第三章 Ⅰ.Answer the following questions: 1. In economic theory what do supply and demand mean? 2. Theoretically, how do supply and demand affect prices? 3. Are there any other factors affecting prices? Give some examples. 4. How do these factors affect prices? 5. In the view of many economists, are supply and demand precise, primary and causal factors affecting prices? Why? 6. In what kind of economic systems is the price-determining mechanism of supply and demand operative? 7. Why has the scope of the operation of the supply-and-demand mechanism tended to be restricted? 8. What kind of role does government play in our economy? 9. What is your definition of socialist market economy? 10. As the 1990s began, new non-Communist governments in several Eastern European countries had adopted free market principles. Can you give some reasons? II. Fill in each blank of the following sentences with one of the words or phrases listed below and make changes when necessary: according to refer to take sth. into consideration regard sb./sth. as rather than tend to do
旌黄有子 《商务英语》 课后练习 bid conversely artificial restore 1 But,music may also distract or annoy some workers. Dave arrive late,so don't worry yet. The earlier restrictions on currency exchangenow 4 I think what Mary earlier was her manager's inability to make the right decision. It took Frank a while to learn to walk with the leg. 6 Telephone charges vary the time of day. 7 Baxley International said Friday that it $11 million in cash and stock to acquire the Los Angeles-based company. 8 Mr.O'Connor,however,stressed the need for more effective policing police numbers. 9 A large part of my life has been spent you 10 Though 20 years old,the book still the authority on the subject. III.Multiple Choice: 1.She made a complete recovery without to surgery and is reported elsewhere. A.recourse B.help C.appealing D.resort 2.Again,budget is afactor in decision making. A.determined B.determinateC.determiningD.deciding 3.For example,people would rather walk further have to carry water pots a shorter way uphill. A.to B.then C.more than D.than 4.The use of color can make a small room look much bigger. A.efficient B.effective D.effectively D.efficiency 5.Because of damage to their homes,many people had to stay in accommodation for a few months. A.temperament B.temperamental C.temporary D.temperance 6.And the sea's greatest known depth of 36,200 feet exceeds more than a mile the height of Mount Everest. A.to B.by C.of D.than 7.Time after time,ministers have tried to for rising unemployment to the down-turn in the world economy. A.change the blame B.transfer the blame C.shift the blame D.transform the responsibility 8.Often she went out to see the sky complete,unfettered any window-frame A.by B.with C.of D.to 9.He has appointed a highly three-star Marine general,James L.Jones,to be his military assistant. A.honorable B.regarded C.respective D.regarding 10.In fact the powers did not become during the lifetime of the commission. A.operativeB.operating D.operated D.operation -9
《商务英语》 课后练习 - 9 - bid conversely artificial restore 1 But _____, music may also distract or annoy some workers. 2 Dave _____ arrive late, so don't worry yet. 3 The earlier restrictions on currency exchange _____ now _____. 4 I think what Mary _____ earlier was her manager's inability to make the right decision. 5 It took Frank a while to learn to walk with the _____ leg. 6 Telephone charges vary _____ the time of day. 7 Baxley International said Friday that it _____ $11 million in cash and stock to acquire the Los Angeles-based company. 8 Mr. O'Connor, however, stressed the need for more effective policing _____ police numbers. 9 A large part of my life has been spent _____ you _____. 10 Though 20 years old, the book _____ still _____ the authority on the subject. III. Multiple Choice: 1. She made a complete recovery without _____ to surgery and is reported elsewhere. A. recourse B. help C. appealing D. resort 2. Again, budget is a _____ factor in decision making. A. determined B. determinate C. determining D. deciding 3. For example, people would rather walk further _____ have to carry water pots a shorter way uphill. A. to B. then C. more than D. than 4. The _____ use of color can make a small room look much bigger. A. efficient B. effective D. effectively D. efficiency 5. Because of damage to their homes, many people had to stay in _____ accommodation for a few months. A. temperament B. temperamental C. temporary D. temperance 6. And the sea's greatest known depth of 36,200 feet exceeds _____ more than a mile the height of Mount Everest. A. to B. by C. of D. than 7. Time after time, ministers have tried to _____ for rising unemployment to the down-turn in the world economy. A. change the blame B. transfer the blame C. shift the blame D. transform the responsibility 8. Often she went out to see the sky complete, unfettered _____ any window-frame. A. by B. with C. of D. to 9. He has appointed a highly _____ three-star Marine general, James L. Jones, to be his military assistant. A. honorable B. regarded C. respective D. regarding 10. In fact the powers did not become _____ during the lifetime of the commission. A. operative B. operating D. operated D. operation
旌黄附子 《商务英语》 课后练习 IV.Reading Comprehension: One way in which economists characterize markets is according to the degree of influence that government has over them.A free market is one in which government has little or no influence.In a free market the key economic questions of what to produce,how and for whom will be decided mainly by interaction between individual consumers and private producers- usually business firms.Firms will respond to the demands or anticipated demands of consumers. However,where markets are not free,resource allocation usually becomes subject to some combination of influence by firms,consumers and government.State intervention in markets can take two broad forms: The state may elect to produce directly some goods and services itself in tandem with or instead of production by private firms. ● The state may choose not to produce goods and services directly in markets but to regulate markets in some way. There can be a wide variety of practice here.In the European Union agricultural production is heavily conditioned by financial subsidies paid by European governments to farmers.In fact, governments can and do choose to subsidize production by private producers in many markets. Conversely,instead of encouraging more production,governments may either try to limit what it considers to be harmful or undesirable forms of output,or it may seek to influence the quality of what is produced. (a) Business firms Free market Consumers (b) Business firms Market+ Consumers Government (c) Business firms →Market← Consumers ◆ Government as regulator Fig 6-1 The free market and states intervention in markets Fig.6-1 broadly summarizes these categories of free markets and markets subject to forms of state intervention.In Fig.6-1(a)the market is composed only of business firms and private consumers-it is a free market.In Fig.6-1(b),the production side of the market is composed of both firms and government.Here then the state has involved itself in the production of goods and -10-
《商务英语》 课后练习 IV. Reading Comprehension: One way in which economists characterize markets is according to the degree of influence that government has over them. A free market is one in which government has little or no influence. In a free market the key economic questions of what to produce, how and for whom will be decided mainly by interaction between individual consumers and private producers – usually business firms. Firms will respond to the demands or anticipated demands of consumers. However, where markets are not free, resource allocation usually becomes subject to some combination of influence by firms, consumers and government. State intervention in markets can take two broad forms: z The state may elect to produce directly some goods and services itself in tandem with or instead of production by private firms. z The state may choose not to produce goods and services directly in markets but to regulate markets in some way. There can be a wide variety of practice here. In the European Union agricultural production is heavily conditioned by financial subsidies paid by European governments to farmers. In fact, governments can and do choose to subsidize production by private producers in many markets. Conversely, instead of encouraging more production, governments may either try to limit what it considers to be harmful or undesirable forms of output, or it may seek to influence the quality of what is produced. Fig 6-1 The free market and states intervention in markets Fig. 6-1 broadly summarizes these categories of free markets and markets subject to forms of state intervention. In Fig. 6-1(a) the market is composed only of business firms and private consumers – it is a free market. In Fig. 6-1(b), the production side of the market is composed of both firms and government. Here then the state has involved itself in the production of goods and - 10 -