Advaneed ama A self-study c tice book for WITH ANSWERS Hewings CAMBRIDGE UNIVINSIY PHKSS
referenc e an d practic e boo k fo r advance d learner s o f Englis h Marti n Hewing s
PUBLISHED BY THE PRESS SYNDICATE OF THE UNIVERSITY OF CAMBRIDGE The Pitt Building Trumpington Street, Cambridge CB2 IRP, United Kingdon CAMESRIUGE UNIVERSITY PRESS The Edinburgh Building, Cambridge CB2 2RU, UK 40 West 20th Street, New York, NY 10011-4211, USA [0 Stamford Road, Oakleigh, VIC 3166, Australia Ruiz de alarcon 13, 28014 Madrid, Spam Dock House, The Waterfront, Cape Town 8001, South Africa http://www.cambridge.org C Cambridge University Press 1999 Seventh printing 2002 Printed in Great Britain by Bemrose Security Printing A catalogue record for this book is available from the british library IsBn 0-521-49868-6(with answers) ISBN 0-521-49869-4(without answers) Copyright The law allows a reader to make a single copy of part of a book for the purposes of private study. It does not allow the copying of entire books or the making of multiple copies of extracts. Written permission for any such copying must always be obtained from the publisher in advanc
PUBLISHED BY THE PRESS SYNDICATE OF THE UNIVERSITY OF CAMBRIDGE The Pitt Building,Trumpmgton Street, Cambridge CB2 1RP, United Kingdom CAMBRIDGE, UNIVRRSITY PRESS The Edinburgh Building, Cambridge CB2 2RU, UK 40 West 20th Street, New York, NY 10011-4211, USA 10 Stamford Road, Oakleigh,VIC 3166, Australia Ruiz de Alarcon 13, 28014 Madrid, Spam Dock House, The Waterfront, Cape Town 8001, South Africa http://www.cambridge.org © Cambridge University Press 1999 First published 1999 Seventh printing 2002 Printed in Great Britain by Denirose Security Printing A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library. ISBN 0-521-49868-6 (with answers) ISBN 0-521-49869-4 (without answers) Copyright The law allows a reader to make a single copy of part of a book for the purposes of private study. It does not allow the copying of entire books or the making of multiple copies of extracts. Written permission for any such copying must always be obtained from the publisher in advance
CONTENTS Thanks To the student To the teache Tenses I Present simple(I do) and present continuous (I am doing)(1) 2 Present simple(I do) and present continuous(I am doing)(2) 3 Present perfect(I have done) and past simple(I did)(1) 4 Present perfect(I have done) and past simple(I did)(2) 5 Present perfect (I have done)and past simple (I did)(3): adverbs used with these tenses 6 Past continuous (I was doing) and past simple(I did) 7 Present perfect continuous (I have been doing) Present perfect continuous (I have been doing) and present perfect (I have done) 9 Past perfect (I had done) and past simple (I did 10 Past perfect continuous (I had been doing)and past perfect (I had done) 11 will and going to; shall 12 Present continuous (I am doing) for the future and going to 13 Present simple(I do) for the future 14 Future continuous(will be doing 15 Be to infinitive (I am to do), future perfect (I will have done and future perfect continuous (I will have been doing) 16 The future seen from the past(was going to, etc. Modals 1/ Should ht to 18 Will an willingness, likelihood and certainty 19 Will and habits used to 20 May, might, can and could: possibility (1) 21 M av. ll can 22 Can, could, and be able to: ability 23 Must and have (got)to 24 Need(n't), don't have to and mustn't 25 Permission. offers. etc Be. have. do. make, etc 26 Linking verbs: be, appear, seem; become, get, etc 27 Have and have got: have and take 28 Do and make Passives 29 Forming passive sentences 30 Using passives 31 Verb + -ing or to-infinitive: passive forms 32 Reporting with passive verbs Question 33 Forming questions; reporting questions 34 Asking and answering negative questions 35 Wh-questions with how, what, which and who
CONTENTS Thanks vii To the student viii To the teacher ix Tenses 1 Present simple (I do) and present continuous (I am doing) (1) 2 Present simple (I do) and present continuous (I am doing) (2) 3 Present perfect (I have done) and past simple (I did) (1) 4 Present perfect (I have done) and past simple (I did) (2) 5 Present perfect (I have done) and past simple (I did) (3): adverbs used with these tenses 6 Past continuous (I was doing) and past simple (I did) 7 Present perfect continuous (I have been doing) 8 Present perfect continuous (I have been doing) and present perfect (I have done) 9 Past perfect (I had done) and past simple (I did) 10 Past perfect continuous (I had been doing) and past perfect (I had done) The future 11 Will and going to; shall 12 Present continuous (I am doing) for the future and going to 13 Present simple (I do) for the future 14 Future continuous (will be doing) 15 Be to + infinitive (I am to do), future perfect (I will have done), and future perfect continuous (I will have been doing) 16 The future seen from the past (was going to, etc.) Modals 17 Should and ought to 18 Will and would: willingness, likelihood and certainty 19 Will and would: habits; used to 20 May, might, can and could: possibility (1) 21 May, might, can and could: possibility (2) 22 Can, could, and be able to: ability 23 Must and have (got) to 24 Need(n't), don't have to and mustn't 25 Permission, offers, etc. Be, have, do, make, etc. 26 Linking verbs: be, appear, seem; become, get, etc. 27 Have and have got; have and take 28 Do and make Passives 29 Forming passive sentences 30 Using passives 31 Verb + -ing or to-infinitive: passive forms 32 Reporting with passive verbs Questions 33 Forming questions; reporting questions 34 Asking and answering negative questions 35 Wh-questions with how, what, which and who
Verbs: infinitives, -ing forms, etc. 6 Verbs with and without objects 37 Verb to-infinitive or bare infinitive 38 Verb+ to-infinitive or -ing? 39 Verb + -ing 40 Verb wh-clause 41 Have/get something done; want something done, etc 42 Verb two objects 43 Reporting people's words and thoughts 44 Reporting statements(1): that-clauses 45 Reporting statements(2): verb tense in that-clauses 46 Reporting statements(3): verb tense in the reporting clause; say and tell; etc. 47 Reporting offers, suggestions, orders, intentions, etc 48 Should in that-clauses 49 Modal verbs in reporting Nouns and compounds 50 Countable and unce 51 Agreement betwee and verb(D) 52 Agreement betwee and verb(2) 53 The possessive form of nouns (Jane's mother) 54 Compound nouns (1) 55 Compound nouns(2) articles 56 A/an and one 57 The and a/an(1): the only one 8 The and a/an(2): ' things already known, etc 59 Some and zero article with plural and uncountable nouns 60 The, zero article and a/an: 'things in general 61 People and places 62 Holidays, times of the day, meals, etc Determiners and quantifiers 63 Some and any: something, somebody, etc 64 Much(of, many (of) a lot of, lots(of, etc 65 All (of), the whole(of, both(of) 66 Each(of), every 67 No, none(of), and not any 68 Few, a few(of), little a little (of, etc 69 Quantifiers with and without 'of (some/some of; any/any of; etc. Relative clauses and other types of clause 70 Relative clauses(1)(The girl who I was talking about. 71 Relative clauses(2)(Tom, who is only six, can speak three languages. 72 Relative clauses(3): other relative pronouns 73 Relative clauses (4): prepositions in relative clauses Participle clauses (-ing, -ed and being + -ed) Participle clauses with adverbial meaning
Verbs: infinitives, -ing forms, etc. 36 Verbs with and without objects 37 Verb + to-infinitive or bare infinitive 38 Verb + to-infinitive or -ing? 39 Verb + -ing 40 Verb + wh-clause 41 Have/get something done; want something done, etc. 42 Verb + two objects Reporting 43 Reporting people's words and thoughts 44 Reporting statements (1): that-clauses 45 Reporting statements (2): verb tense in that-clauses 46 Reporting statements (3): verb tense in the reporting clause; say and tell; etc. 47 Reporting offers, suggestions, orders, intentions, etc. 48 Should in that-clauses 49 Modal verbs in reporting Nouns and compounds 50 Countable and uncountable nouns 51 Agreement between subject and verb (1) 52 Agreement between subject and verb (2) 53 The possessive form of nouns (Jane's mother) 54 Compound nouns (1) 55 Compound nouns (2) Articles 56 A/an and one 57 The and a/an (1):'the only one' 58 The and a/an (2): 'things already known', etc. 59 Some and zero article with plural and uncountable nouns 60 The, zero article and a/an: 'things in general' 61 People and places 62 Holidays, times of the day, meals, etc. Determiners and quantifiers 63 Some and any; something, somebody, etc. 64 Much (of), many (of), a lot of, lots (of), etc. 65 All (of), the whole (of), both (of) 66 Each (of), every, and all 67 No, none (of), and not any 68 Few, a few (of), little, a little (of), etc. 69 Quantifiers with and without 'of (some/some of; any/any of; etc.) Relative clauses and other types of clause 70 Relative clauses (1) (The girl who I was talking about.) 71 Relative clauses (2) (Tom, who is only six, can speak three languages.) 72 Relative clauses (3): other relative pronouns 73 Relative clauses (4): prepositions in relative clauses 74 Participle clauses (-ing, -ed and being + -ed) 75 Participle clauses with adverbial meaning IV
Pronouns, substitution and leaving out words 76 Reflexive pronouns: herself, himself, themselves, etc 77 One and ones(There's my car- the green one. 78 So(I think so; so I hear) Do so: such 80 Leaving out words after auxiliary verbs 1 Leaving out to- infinitives( She didn t want to(go) Adjectives 82 Adjectives: position (1) 83 Gradable and ungradable adjectives; position (2) 84 Adjectives and adverbs 85 Participle adjectives(the losing ticket; the selected winners) afraid of/for etc 87 Adjectives+ that-clause or to-infinitive 88 Comparison with adjectives(1): -er/more . enough, sufficiently, too: etc 89 Comparison with adjectives(2): as. as; so. as to; etc Adverbs and conjunctions 0 Position of adverbs 91 Adverbs of place, indefinite frequency, and time 92 Degree adverbs: very, too, extremely, quite, etc. 93 Comment adverbs, viewpoint adverbs; focus adverbs 94 Adverbial clauses of time (1): verb tense; before and until; hardly, etc 95 Adverbial clauses of time(2): as, when and while 96 Giving reasons: as, because, because of ete. for and with 97 Purposes and results: in order to, so as to, etc 08 Contrasts: although and though; even though/if; in spite of and despite 99 Conditional sentences(1): verb tenses 100 Conditional sentences(2) 101 If. not and unless: if and whether, etc 102 After waiting…, before leaving…, besides owning…,etc. 103 Connecting ideas between and within sentence 104 At, in and on: prepositions of place 105 Across, along, over and through; above over below and under 106 Between, among; by, beside, etc 107 At, in and on: prepositions of time 108 During, for, in, over, and throughout; by and until 109 Except(for), besides, apart from and but for 1 10 About and on; by and with 111 Prepositions after verbs(1) 112 Prepositions after verbs(2) 1 13 Prepositions after verbs(3) 114 Two- and three-word verbs: word order
Pronouns, substitution and leaving out words 76 Reflexive pronouns: herself, himself, themselves, etc. 77 One and ones (There's my car - the green one.) 78 So (I think so; so I hear) 79 Do so; such 80 Leaving out words after auxiliary verbs 81 Leaving out to-infinitives (She didn't want to (go).) Adjectives 82 Adjectives: position (1) 83 Gradable and ungradable adjectives; position (2) 84 Adjectives and adverbs 85 Participle adjectives (the losing ticket; the selected winners) 86 Prepositions after adjectives: afraid of/for, etc. 87 Adjectives + that-clause or to-infinitive 88 Comparison with adjectives (1): -er/more...; enough, sufficiently, too; etc. 89 Comparison with adjectives (2): as...as; so...as to; etc. Adverbs and conjunctions 90 Position of adverbs 91 Adverbs of place, indefinite frequency, and time 92 Degree adverbs: very, too, extremely, quite, etc. 93 Comment adverbs; viewpoint adverbs; focus adverbs 94 Adverbial clauses of time (1): verb tense; before and until; hardly, etc. 95 Adverbial clauses of time (2): as, when and while 96 Giving reasons: as, because, because of, etc.; for and with 97 Purposes and results: in order to, so as to, etc. 98 Contrasts: although and though; even though/if; in spite of and despite 99 Conditional sentences (1): verb tenses 100 Conditional sentences (2) 101 If...not and unless; if and whether, etc. 102 After waiting..., before leaving..., besides owning..., etc. 103 Connecting ideas between and within sentences Prepositions 104 At, in and on: prepositions of place 105 Across, along, over and through; above, over, below and under 106 Between, among; by, beside, etc. 107 At, in and on: prepositions of time 108 During, for, in, over, and throughout; by and until 109 Except (for), besides, apart from and but for 110 About and on; by and with 111 Prepositions after verbs (1) 112 Prepositions after verbs (2) 113 Prepositions after verbs (3) 114 Two- and three-word verbs: word order